Objective To understand the latest research developments of the formation mechanism of psammoma body in human tumors and related issues. Methods Related domestic and foreign literatures were widely referred, analyzed, and reviewed. Results Psammoma body is unique pathological calcification in some tumors, which is arranged in concentric, laminar circles microscopically. Psammoma body is commonly seen in thyroid papillary carcinoma, meningiomas, ovarian serous papillary carcinoma, and so on. Conclusions Although arranged in concentric, laminar circles microscopically in tumor, the formation process of psammoma body is not entirely the same in different tumors. A comprehensive and objective understanding of psammoma body would be useful in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Objective To systematically review the relationship between the expression of Survivin mRNA and ovarian cancer. Methods PubMed, The Cochrane Library (Issue 11, 2016), CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data databases were searched to identify case-control studies concerning the association between the expression of Survivin mRNA and ovarian cancer up to November 2016. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. Results A total of 10 studies were included. The positive of Survivin mRNA in ovarian cancer group was significantly higher than that in control group (OR=24.63, 95% CI 13.44 to 45.15,P<0.000 01). The positive of Survivin in low differentiated group was significantly higher than that in high differentiation group (OR=3.69, 95% CI 2.29 to 5.93,P<0.000 01). The positive of Survivin in clinical stage of Ⅲ-Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in clinical stage of Ⅰ-Ⅱ (OR=4.76, 95% CI 2.99 to 7.57,P<0.000 01), respectively. However, the expression of Survivin mRNA was not associated with lymph node metastasis, ascites and histological type. Conclusion The current evidence indicates that the expression of Survivin mRNA is significantly correlated with ovarian cancer and its clinicopathologic features. Due to the limited quantity and quality of includes studies, the above conclusions are needed to be verified by more high quality studies.
Ovarian cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of female genital organs. In gynecological tumors, the incidence rate of ovarian cancer ranks the third after cervical cancer and uterine body cancer, but the death rate of ovarian cancer ranks the first, posing a serious threat to women’s life and health. In recent years, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) clinical practice guidelines for ovarian cancer has become an important basis for diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. In this paper, we interpret the latest version (version 4. 2017) of NCCN clinical practice guidelines for ovarian cancer for its better clinical application.
Objective To retrospectively analyze the emergency complications of the patients after oocyte retrieval with assisted reproductive technology (ART), and analyze the corresponding strategies. Methods The clinical data of patients after oocyte retrieval with ART between January and December 2016 were retrospectively anayzed. The postoperative emergency complications were observed. Results A total of 5 013 patients were included in the study. The common emergency complications after oocyte retrieval included vaginal bleeding in 137 cases (2.73%) , ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in 35 (0.69%), hematuria caused by bladder injury in 11 cases (0.21%), pelvic infection in 3 (0.06%), and vagal reflex in 2 (0.04%). OHSS was related to age, the number of basal follicles, the number of oviposaccharides and the estradiol level on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin injection, but not related to the body mass index and the number of days of gonadotropin use; which might be misdiagnosed most likely. Conclusions OHSS is one of the common and severe emergency complications after oocyte retrieval with ART, which should be concerned. Active treatment of complications is helpful to reduce the incidence of emergency complications after oocyte retrieval with ART.
目的:探討二甲雙胍合并克羅米芬在治療多囊卵巢綜合征中的作用,為多囊卵巢綜合征的治療提供合理依據。方法:80例患者給予二甲雙胍合并克羅米芬治療,比較治療前后臨床癥狀、內分泌和生化指標的變化情況,與單一給予克羅米芬促排卵治療比較排卵、妊娠情況。結果:用藥后體重指數(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、空腹胰島素(FINS)、睪酮(T)促黃體生成素(LH)、LH/FSH明顯下降,Plt;0.05;雌二醇(E2)、促卵泡生成素(FSH)改變不明顯,聯合用藥后排卵、妊娠率明顯高于單一克羅米芬治療,Plt;0.05。結論:二甲雙胍合并克羅米芬可改善臨床癥狀,提高排卵、妊娠率,降低LH/FSH比值、LH、T水平,提高胰島素的敏感性。
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of premature ovarian failure. MethodsCNKI, WanFang Data, SinoMed, PubMed and EMbase databases were electronically searched to collect animal experiments of the efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of premature ovarian failure from inception to September 17th, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies; then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.4.1 software. ResultsA total of 9 studies involving 302 mice were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation could increase primal follicles (SMD=1.51, 95%CI 0.80 to 2.22, P<0.000 1), primary follicles (SMD=1.43, 95%CI 0.76 to 2.09, P<0.000 1), secondary follicles (SMD=1.39, 95%CI 0.78 to 2.01, P<0.000 01) and sinus follicles (SMD=1.15, 95%CI 0.49 to 1.82, P=0.000 7). It significantly increased the concentration of estradiol in rats with premature ovarian failure (SMD=2.38, 95%CI 1.75 to 3.01, P<0.000 01), and decreased serum follicle-stimulating hormone concentration (SMD=?1.98, 95%CI ?2.80 to ?1.17, P<0.000 01). ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can repair ovarian tissue and improve ovarian endocrine function in mice. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify above conclusions.
ObjectiveTo analyze the reasons for misdiagnosis of gastrointestinal metastatic ovarian cancer, in order to increase the rate of correct diagnosis and treatment, and to investigate the prognostic factors. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical features, pathological features and prognostic factors of 43 cases of metastatic ovarian carcinoma from gastrointestinal tract treated between 2004 and 2014. ResultsGastrointestinal metastatic ovarian cancer was characterized by the diversity of clinical manifestations and lack of specific symptoms. The common initial symptom was pelvic mass, frequently accompanied with gastrointestinal symptoms of ascites, anemia or weight loss, abdominal pain, bloating, gastrointestinal obstruction and bleeding. Signs and symptoms of primary and secondary tumor sites often coexisted with each other, leading to misdiagnosis. Univariate analysis showed that primary site, histological type, surgical treatment, the residual tumor debulking size, lymph node metastasis, tumor invasion and standard chemotherapy had significant impacts on the prognosis (P < 0.05). ConclusionsGastrointestinal metastatic ovarian cancer occurs in premenopausal women, often with ascites, abdominal pelvic masses as the first symptom. Primary tumor site is often ignored, and the initial correct diagnosis rate is low. Metastasis from stomach cancer is the most common, followed by colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer. Prognosis is correlated with the primary site, histological type, degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and other factors. Radical surgery and chemotherapy can improve survival.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy of acupuncture for PCOS infertility.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP and CBM databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for PCOS infertility from inception to January 5th, 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 28 RCTs involving 2 192 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with western medicine alone, acupuncture could increase the pregnancy rate (RR=1.80, 95%CI 1.45 to 2.23, P<0.000 01) and ovulation rate (RR=1.33, 95%CI 1.15 to 1.54, P=0.000 1), and reduce levels of LH (SMD=?0.62, 95%CI ?0.96 to ?0.28, P=0.000 4) and LH/FSH (SMD=?0.65, 95%CI ?1.02 to ?0.29, P=0.000 5). Acupuncture combined with western medicine could increase the pregnancy rate (RR=1.75, 95% CI 1.50 to 2.03, P<0.000 01) and ovulation rate (RR=1.29, 95%CI 1.18 to 1.41, P<0.000 01), decrease levels of LH (SMD=?1.09, 95%CI ?1.64 to ?0.53, P=0.000 1), LH/FSH (SMD=?1.30, 95%CI ?2.35 to ?0.25, P=0.02), and levels of T (SMD=?1.13, 95%CI ?1.59 to ?0.66, P<0.000 01).ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that acupuncture alone or combined with western medicine can significantly improve ovulation rate, pregnancy rate and reduce hormone level. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are required to verify above conclusions.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the efficacy of adjuvant growth hormone (GH) in IVF protocols.MethodsCBM, WanFang Data, CNKI, VIP, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of adjuvant GH in IVF protocols from inception to October 2019. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, then, the meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 10 RCTs involving 691 infertile females were included. Results of meta-analysis demonstrated that adjuvant GH in IVF protocols could increase collected oocytes number (MD=1.58, 95%CI 1.29 to 1.87, P<0.000 01), MⅡ stage oocytes number (MD=2.26, 95%CI 1.77 to 2.74, P<0.000 01), implantation rate (RR=1.20, 95%CI 1.02 to 1.40, P=0.03), clinical pregnancy rate (RR=1.46, 95%CI 1.08 to 1.98, P=0.01) and live birth rate (RR=1.62, 95%CI 1.05 to 2.51, P=0.03). However, there was no difference in fertilization rate (RR=1.06, 95%CI 0.97 to 1.16, P<0.18), miscarriage rate (RR=1.44, 95%CI 0.65 to 3.17, P=0.37) and adverse reactions between two groups.ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that GH can improve the fertility outcomes of IVF cycles in patients with POR, elderly or previous IVF failures. But due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are required to verify the above conclusion.