Objective To review the research progress of C terminal propeptide of collagen type II (CTX-II), a osteoarthritis (OA) biomarker. Methods Domestic and international l iterature about CTX-II was reviewed extensively and summarized. Results CTX-II is investigated broadly and has the best performance of all currently available biomarkers. CTX-II is a truly useful biomarker for early diagnosis, prognosis, and measurement of treatment response in OA. Conclusion Single CTX-II may be not sufficient for early diagnosis and prognosis of OA, so a combination of CTX-II and other biomarkers or diagnosis methods is needed.
Objective To measure the expression level of Myc-interacting zinc finger protein-1 (MIZ1) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with severe and non-severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and its relationship with inflammatory factors. Methods Thirty-six CAP patients from Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from April 2018 to June 2019 were enrolled in this study. MIZ1 mRNA level in PBMC were measured by reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, and interferon-α in the serum of patients were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of MIZ1 mRNA and inflammatory factors were compared between the severe CAP patients and the non-severe CAP patients. Results Compared with non-severe CAP patients, the MIZ1 mRNA level in the PBMC of severe CAP patients was lower (P<0.05) than non-severe group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the expression level of MIZ1 in PBMC was calculated according to whether CAP was severe or non-severe, and the area under ROC curve was 0.731 (P=0.018). Spearman correlation analysis showed that MIZ1 mRNA was negatively correlated with IL-10 level in the severe CAP patients (Spearman correlation co-efficient was –0.620, P<0.05). Conclusions MIZ1 may indicate the severity of CAP. MIZ1 may affect IL-10 so as to play a role in inflammation regulation.
Objective To select relatively specific biomarkers in serum from lung adenocarcinoma patients using surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry （SELDI-TOF-MS） Protein Chip technology, and study the follow-up results of postoperative serum proteomic patterns. Methods Serum samples from 71 lung adenocarcinoma patients. 71 healthy volunteers with matched gender, age and history of smoking were analyzed by using weak cation exchange 2（WCX2） Protein Chip to select potentially biomarkers. Seventy-one patients were followed-up till 9 months after surgery. Compare the serum proteomic patterns 3,6 and 9 months after surgery. Results Five highly expressed potential biomarkers were identified with the relative molecular weights of 4 047.79, 4 203. 99, 4 959. 81, 5 329. 30 and 7 760. 12 Da. The postoperative serum proteomic patterns changed among individuals, and correlated with patients＇ clinical stage. Conclusions SELDI-TOF-MS Protein Chip technology is a quick, easy, convenient, and high-throughout analyzing method capable of selecting relatively specific, potential biomarkers from the serum of lung adenocarcinoma patients and may have attractive clinical value.
ObjectiveTo investigate the value of plasma microRNA-216 (miR-216) in patients with acute pancreatitis as a clinical biomarker to early identify severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).MethodsPatients with acute pancreatitis who admitted to the hospital within 48 hours after the onset of disease between September and November 2014 were enrolled in this study. Plasam and clinical data of all the patients were collected. MiR-216 in the plasma was detected using quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction.ResultsA total of 25 patients were enrolled. The Ct value of plasma miR-216 in SAP patients (32.40±1.43) was significantly upregulated than mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) (35.85±1.91, P<0.05) and moderately severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP) patients (35.90±2.44,P<0.05), respectively. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve for plasmamiR-216 in predicting SAP was 0.792 (P<0.05), which did not differ much from other conventional parameters such as C-reactive protein, urinary nitrogen, and cytokines (P>0.05).ConclusionPlasma miR-216 is significantly upregulated in SAP patients compared with MAP and MSAP, but it shows no inferior efficiency than the investigated conventional predictors in predicting SAP.
Heart and kidney interact with each other. Cardio-renal syndrome (CRS) refers to conditions where acute or chronic dysfunction of either the heart or the kidney leads to dysfunction of the other. Conventional classification of CRS outlined five subgroups according to the clinical presentation. This review focused on the epidemiology, new bio- markers, drug management, and renal replacement therapy of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ CRS, which emphasized the multi-discipline collaboration and individualized evaluation, in order to achieve goal-directed approach to renal replacement therapy.
ObjectiveThe aim of this meta-analysis and systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of microRNAs as a diagnostic tool for individuals with epilepsy. MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was performed to collect literature on miRNA diagnosis of epilepsy up to January 1, 2024. Two researchers independently screened and extracted the literature and resolved discrepancies by negotiation. The QUADAS-2 evaluation tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4, Meta-Disc 1.4, and Stata 17.0. Results A total of 17 papers were included, including 942 patients with epilepsy and 932 healthy controls. miRNA in the diagnosis of epilepsy had a combined sensitivity of 0.76 [95%CI (0.71, 0.79)], combined specificity of 0.78 [95%CI (0.74, 0.82)], and area under the SROC curve of 0.84 [95%CI (0.80, 0.87)]. Subgroup analysis showed that miRNA had higher diagnostic value for temporal lobe epilepsy, especially medial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS). ConclusionThe study suggests that miRNA may be a promising tool for the diagnosis of epilepsy, especially temporal lobe epilepsy, but more high-quality studies are needed to support it.
Acute kidney injury (AKI), as a complex and severe kidney disease, has always been the hotspot of research. The epidemiological research of AKI in China has made significant progress, including initially reports on the domestic incidence of AKI, geographical distribution and risk factors; however, accompanying challenges like AKI prevention and treatment emerge. For improvement of the diagnosis and treatment of the AKI, this article summarizes and analyses the two challenges: early warning biomarkers and AKI treatment strategies, based on new ideas and research progress. The aim is to make Chinese nephrology scholars and specialists realize the focus of AKI prevention and protection of renal function, to standardize the treatment strategy of AKI, and to put forward the direction of future research.
Objective To estimate the diagnostic value of mesothelin in ovarian cancer. Methods PubMed, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI and WanFang Data databases were searched from inception to October 2016 to collect relevant diagnostic accuracy studies of mesothelin in ovarian cancer. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Statistical analysis was performed using Meta-Disc 1.4, Stata 12.0 and RevMan 5.2 softwares. The pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio were calculated, the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) was drawn and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Results Seventeen studies involving 2 052 patients were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, DOR were 0.63 (95%CI 0.60 to 0.67), 0.92 (95%CI 0.90 to 0.93) and 26.62 (95%CI 14.96 to 47.38), respectively. The AUC and Q index were 0.915 1 and 0.847 8, respectively. Conclusion The current evidence indicates that mesothelin has high specificity and low sensitivity, which can’t be used alone as a biomarker for the detection of ovarian cancer, but should be combined with other biomarkers.
Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (PLAM) is a rare chronic multi-system neoplastic disease that occurs in women of childbearing age. It lacks specific clinical manifestations and requires reliable biomarkers to achieve precise management. In recent years, with the emergence of emerging biomarkers, the detection rate of PLAM has been significantly improved, which can better monitor disease progression and provide timely feedback on the efficacy. These emerging biomarkers mainly include vascular endothelial growth factor-D, vitamin D-binding protein, CT score and prostaglandins. This article will focus on the current research results, and summarize the research progress of emerging biomarkers in PLAM diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and disease monitoring, aiming to provide new ideas for the research and treatment of PLAM.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), ferritin, D-dimer, fibrinogen degradation product (FDP), white blood cell (WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in diagnosis and prognosis of severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP).MethodsThis was a prospective observational study. One hundred and seventy-seven candidates were divided into 3 groups: SCAP group including 61 SCAP patients, CAP group including 56 patients with normal community-acquired pneumonia group and HP group including 60 healthy people. Initial level of above biomarkers was compared and analyzed in the three groups. Then the efficiency of diagnosing and predicting the outcome of SCAP by single and combined index were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Meanwhile the patients in SCAP group were divided into two groups according to the CEA level named CEA increasing group and normal group, between which the differences in prognosis and biomarker level were compared.ResultsThe initial level of all biomarkers increased in two pneumonia groups and exceeded the HP group (P< 0.01) while between SCAP and CAP groups, all indexes in SCAP group were higher than the CAP group (P< 0.001). The areas under the ROC of CEA, ferritin, D-dimer, CRP, WBC and united respectively were 0.800, 0.834, 0.769, 0.898, 0.756 and 0.956. The sensitivity of united index was 91.8% while specificity was 90.5%. Among SCAP group, only CEA level made sense to predict the prognosis (P< 0.01). There were significant differences in intubation rate, mortality, length of RICU stay and FDP, D-dimer between CEA increasing group and normal group (P< 0.05).ConclusionsHigh level CEA, ferritin, D-dimer, CRP and WBC have significant value in diagnosis of SCAP. And the combined index has higher diagnostic value than single one. SCAP with increased CEA level indicates more serious condition and poor prognosis.