【Abstract】ObjectiveTo compare the hemodynamic changes during operation of portal venous intubation or splenic venous intubation in extracorporeal venous bypass of swine orthotopic liver transplantation.MethodsThirty couples of healthy Duloke pigs were selected to perform orthotopic liver transplantation. According to the difference of cannula vessel of portal venous system during extracorporeal venous bypass, these pigs were divided into two groups: portal venous intubation group (n=15) and splenic venous intubation group (n=15). Hemodynamic changes were monitored continuously.ResultsTwo recipients died in portal venous intubation group, one died of unsmooth bypass in the operation, the other died of DIC. In splenic venous intubation group there was only one recipient death, who died of hemorrhagic shock. The time of anhepatic phase of splenic venous intubation group was (44.5±7.6) min, it was significantly shorter than portal venous intubation group(51.5±8.7) min(P＜0.05). Hemodynamic changes in phase Ⅲ and phase Ⅳ of portal venous intubation group were significantly different with that of splenic venous intubation group(P＜0.05). ConclusionApplication of bypass through splenic venous intubation during extracorporeal venous bypass of swine orthotopic liver transplantation can shorten the time of anhepatic phase, keep the hemodymamics relative stable in operation, and reduce the occurrence of postoperative correlative complication. It is an effective venovenous bypass pathway.
ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and safety of non-intubation anesthesia in thoracic surgery.MethodsFrom September 2017 to December 2019, 296 patients were operated at department of thoracic surgery in our hospital. There were 167 males and 129 females with an average age of 50.69±12.95 years, ranging from 16 to 76 years. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they were intubated: 150 patients were in a non-intubation group, including 83 males and 67 females with an average age of 49.91±13.59 years, ranging from 16 to 76 years, and 146 patients were in an intubation group including 84 males and 62 females with an average age of 51.49±12.26 years, ranging from 16 to 74 years. Intraoperative data, postoperative recovery, inflammatory response of the two groups were compared.ResultsThere was no statistical difference between the two groups in operation time, blood loss, the lowest oxygen saturation or other indicators (P>0.05). But the highest partial pressure of carbon dioxide of the non-intubation group was higher than that of the intubation group (P=0.012). The non-intubation group was superior to the intubation group in postoperative recovery and inflammatory response (P<0.05).ConclusionThe non-intubation anesthesia is safe and maneuverable in thoracic surgery, and it has some advantages in accelerating postoperative rehabilitation.
Objective To investigate the thirst status of patients in intensive care unit (ICU) who underwent oral tracheal intubation and ventilator assisted ventilation, and explore its influence factors. Methods A total of 172 patients with oral tracheal intubation admitted in ICU from June 2020 to September 2021 were investigated, and a numerical rating scale was employed for rating their thirst feelings. The patients were divided into a thirst group and a non-thirst group based on thirst status. The thirst status and influence factors of thirst distress were analyzed. Results The incidence of thirst in the ICU patients with oral tracheal intubation and ventilator assisted ventilation was 88.4%, and the thirst score in the thirst group was 7.70±1.17. Single factor analysis showed statistically significant difference between the two groups in sex, medical payment, smoking, drinking, duration of mechanical ventilation, humidification effect, sputum viscosity, gastrointestinal decompression, fasting, continuous renal replacement therapy, diuretics, 24-hour urine volume and liquid balance, heart function grading, sedatives, agitation, sweating, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ, endotracheal intubation depth, body mass index, PCO2, PO2, HCO3–, tidal volume, and sodium ion (all P<0.05). Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that diuretics, sputum viscosity, sodium ion, alcohol consumption, smoking, intubation depth, and cardiac function were independent influence factors for the occurrence of thirst in the ICU patients who received tracheal intubation (P<0.01). Conclusions The incidence of thirst was high in ICU patients with airway intubation and ventilator assisted ventilation. Diuretics, sputum viscosity, sodium ion, alcohol consumption, smoking, 24-hour urine volume, and cardiac function grading were independent influence factors for the occurrence of thirst in ICU patients with tracheal intubation. It is necessary to implement targeted intervention to prevent and alleviate the thirst degree of patients, reduce the occurrence of related complications, and improve patient comfort.
Objective To analyze the risk factors of treatment failure by noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) due to acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), and explore the best time that NPPV be replaced by invasive ventilation when NPPV failure occurs. Methods The data of patients with ARF due to AECOPD who were treated with NPPV from January 2013 to December 2015 were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into two groups: the NPPV success group and the NPPV failure group (individuals who required endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy at any time). The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) Ⅱ score was analyzed; the Glasgow Coma Scale score, respiratory rate (RR), pH value, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) ratio, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide were also analyzed at admission, after 2 hours of NPPV, and after 24 hours of NPPV. Results A total of 185 patients with ARF due to AECOPD were included. NPPV failed in 35.1% of the patients (65/185). Multivariate analysis identified the following factors to be independently associated with NPPV failure: APACHEⅡscore≥30 [odds ratio (OR)=20.603, 95% confidence interval (CI) (5.309, 80.525), P<0.001], RR at admission≥35 per minute [OR=3.723, 95%CI (1.197, 11.037), P=0.020], pH value after 2 hours of NPPV<7.25 [OR=2.517, 95%CI (0.905, 7.028), P=0.070], PaO2 after 2 hours of NPPV<60 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) [OR=3.915, 95%CI (1.374, 11.508), P=0.010], and PaO2/FiO2 after 2 hours of NPPV<200 mm Hg [OR=4.024, 95%CI (1.542, 11.004), P=0.010]. Conclusion When patients with ARF due to AECOPD have a higher severity score, have a rapid RR at admission, or fail to improve in terms of pH and oxygenation after 2 hours of NPPV, the risk of NPPV failure is higher.
ObjectiveTo compare the postoperative enhanced recovery outcomes of lobectomy performed under non-intubated video-assisted thoracic surgery (NIVATS) versus intubated video-assisted thoracic surgery (IVATS). Methods Computerized searches were performed in the following databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, VIP Information, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBMdisc), Web of Science, Clinicaltrials.gov, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, and PubMed. We collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing NIVATS and IVATS. The search period extended from the inception of each database to April 1, 2023. Two independent researchers screened the literature and assessed study quality. ResultsA total of 14 studies were included, comprising 4 RCTs, 7 retrospective cohort studies, and 3 propensity score matching studies, involving 1 840 patients. Meta-analysis results indicated that, compared to IVATS, NIVATS was associated with significantly shorter operative time [MD=–13.39, 95%CI (–20.16, –6.62), P<0.001], shorter length of hospital stay [MD=–0.81, 95%CI (–1.39, –0.22), P=0.005], shorter chest tube duration [MD=–0.73, 95%CI (–1.36, –0.10), P=0.02], shorter postoperative anesthesia recovery time [MD=–20.34, 95%CI (–26.83, –13.84), P<0.001], and shorter time to oral intake after surgery [MD=–5.68, 95%CI (–7.63, –3.73), P<0.001]. Furthermore, NIVATS showed a lower incidence of postoperative airway complications [OR=0.49, 95%CI (0.34, 0.71), P<0.001] and less total chest tube drainage volume [MD=–251.11, 95%CI (–398.25, –103.98), P<0.001], all contributing to significantly accelerated postoperative enhanced recovery for patients. Conclusion NIVATS is a safe and technically feasible anesthesia method in thoracoscopic lobectomy, which can to some extent replace IVATS.
ObjectiveTo analyze the feasibility and advantages of non-intubated anesthesia in thoracoscopic lobectomy.MethodsThe clinical data of 59 patients with thoracoscopic lobectomy and non-intubated anesthesia in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed, including 24 males and 35 females, aged 56.86±7.13 years (an observation group); 59 patients with thoracoscopic lobectomy undergoing general anesthesia with tracheal intubation in the same period were randomly selected, as a control group, including 27 males and 32 females, aged 55.37±6.86 years. Complications such as airway injury, refractory cough, pharyngalgia, nausea and vomiting were compared between the two groups. Postoperative inflammatory factor levels, postoperative hospital stay, and intraoperative and postoperative hospitalization costs were also compared.ResultsThere was no difference between the two groups in general conditions such as age, gender, body mass index. There was also no difference in operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume or lymph node dissection. But the observation group had lower levels of procalcitonin and C reactive protein at postoperative 1 d (0.12±0.51 ng/ml vs. 0.14±0.70 ng/ml, P=0.03; 11.30±3.60 mg/L vs. 13.33±4.41 mg/L, P=0.01), lower rate of postoperative complications of refractory cough, pharyngalgia, nausea and vomiting (3.38% vs. 15.25%, P=0.03; 5.08% vs. 20.33%, P=0.01; 3.38% vs. 15.25%, P=0.03), less retain time of thoracic duct, postoperative hospital stay, and lower intraoperative and postoperative hospitalization costs (5.89±1.37 d vs. 7.00±1.73 d, P=0.00; 10.01±1.85 d vs. 11.37±2.45 d, P=0.00; 53 810.94±5 745.44 yuan vs. 58 223.16±6 445.08 yuan, P=0.00).ConclusionThoracoscopic lobectomy with non-intubated anesthesia can avoid traditional airway injury caused by endotracheal intubation, reduce postoperative symptoms such as refractory cough, pharyngalgia, nausea and vomiting caused by general anesthesia, reduce or even avoid lung injury caused by one-side lung ventilation, promote recovery after surgery, reduce antibiotic use, and shorten hospital stay, which is more consistent with the requirements of the concept of overall minimal invasiveness and enhanced recovery.
ObjectiveTo investigate the application value of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) performed in patients with unplanned extubation (UE) in intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis. The clinical data, application of NIV, reintubation rate and prognosis of UE patients in the ICU of this hospital from January 2014 to December 2018 were reviewed, and the patients were assigned to the control group or the NIV group according to the application of NIV after UE. The data between the two groups were compared and the application effects of NIV in UE patients were evaluated.ResultsA total of 66 UE patients were enrolled in this study, including 44 males and 22 females and with an average age of (64.2±16.1) years. Out of them, 41 patients (62.1%) used nasal catheter or mask for oxygenation as the control group, 25 patients (37.9%) used NIV as the NIV group. The Acute Physiology andChronic Health EvaluationⅡ score of the control group and the NIV group were (18.6±7.7) vs. (14.8±6.3), P=0.043. The causes of respiratory failure in the control group and the NIV group were as follows: pneumonia 16 patients (39.0%) vs. 7 patients (28.0%), postoperative respiratory failure 7 patients (17.1%) vs. 8 patients (32.0%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 8 patients (19.5%) vs. 6 patients (24.0%), others 5 patients (12.2%) vs. 4 patients (16.0%), heart failure 3 patients (7.3%) vs. 0 patients (0%), nervous system diseases 2 (4.9%) vs. 0 patients (0%), which showed no significant difference between the two groups. Mechanical ventilation time before UE were (12.5±19.8) vs (12.7±15.2) d (P=0.966), PaO2 of the control group and the NIV group before UE was (114.9±37.4) vs. (114.4±46.3)mm Hg (P=0.964), and oxygenation index was (267.1±82.0) vs. (257.4±80.0)mm Hg (P=0.614). Reintubation rate was 65.9% in the control group and 24.0% in the NIV group (P=0.001). The duration of mechanical ventilation was (23.9±26.0) vs. (21.8±26.0)d (P=0.754), the length of stay in ICU was (34.4±36.6) vs. (28.5±25.8)d (P=0.48). The total mortality rate in this study was 19.7%. The mortality rate in the control group and NIV group were 22.0% and 16.0% (P=0.555).ConclusionPatients with UE in ICU may consider using NIV to avoid reintubation.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy of Chinese herbal enema in ileus patients. MethodsThe randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs about Chinese herbal enema and gastrointestinal intubation versus western medicines in the treatment of ileus disease was searched in PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2013), CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data from the date of their establishment to July 2013. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1. ResultsA total of 27 RCTs and 3 quasi-RCTs involving 3 074 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the Chinese herbal enema and gastrointestinal intubation group was superior to the control group in raising the total clinical effective rate (OR=4.69, 95%CI 3.70 to 5.94, P < 0.000 01), as well as shortening the hospitalization time (SMD=-1.19, 95%CI-1.42 to-0.96, P < 0.000 01), time of anus exhaust (SMD=-1.52, 95%CI-1.76 to-1.28, P < 0.000 01), defecation (SMD=-2.27, 95%CI-3.43 to-1.11, P=0.000 1), time of gastric tube indwelling (SMD=-1.56, 95%CI-1.86 to-1.27, P < 0.000 01), and symptoms complete resolution (SMD=-0.74, 95%CI-1.11 to-0.37, P < 0.000 1), all with significant differences. ConclusionChinese herbal enema and gastrointestinal intubation is more beneficial than western medicine alone for ileus. Due to limited quality of the included studies, the abovementioned conclusion still needs to be verified by conducting more high quality blinding RCTs.
摘要:目的：探討纖支鏡經口引導氣管插管在慢阻肺合并重度呼吸衰竭救治中的臨床應用價值。方法：237例慢阻肺合并重度呼吸衰竭患者,隨機分為纖支鏡經口引導氣管插管組(纖支鏡組)125例和喉鏡經口引導氣管插管組(喉鏡組)112例,分別在纖支鏡和喉鏡引導下按常規進行氣管插管術。結果：纖支鏡組和喉鏡組一次獲得插管成功率分別為984%和920%(P＜005),平均插管時間分別為（613±391） min 和（926±415） min(P＜005)。纖支鏡組有5例患者出現咽喉部少量出血,并發癥發生率為40%;喉鏡組共有12例發生并發癥,并發癥發生率為107%(P＜005),其中齒、舌、咽或喉部損傷6例,反射性嘔吐致誤吸2例,單側肺通氣1例,插入食管2例,心跳呼吸驟停1例。結論：纖支鏡經口引導氣管插管在慢阻肺合并重度呼吸衰竭救治中是一種簡便快速、成功率高和并發癥少的有效方法,值得臨床推廣應用。Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of endotracheal intubation under fiberoptic bronchoscope through mouth in severe respiratory failure. Methods:Two hundreds and thirtyseven cases of severe respiratory failure were divided into two groups at random (fiberoptic bronchoscope group and laryngoscope group), 125 cases were intubated through mouth under fiberoptic bronchoscope, the others were intubated through mouth by laryngoscope. Results: The successful rates of endotracheal intubation were 98.4% and 92.0% in two groups respectively (P ＜005), the mean intubation timewere (613±391) min and (926±415) min respectively ( P ＜ 005), 4 cases in fiberoptic bronchoscope group appeared a little blood in throat, the complication rate was 32% 12 cases in the laryngoscope group had complications, the complication rate was 107%( P＜ 005). Among it, 6 cases had the injury of tooth, tongue, gullet and larynx.The cases of reflexvomiting were 2,pulmonary ventilation by single lung were 1, intubation in esophagus were 2, cardiopulmonary arrest were 1.Conclusions:Endotracheal intubation under fiberoptic bronchoscope through mouth was accurate, the fewer complications and effective for patients, and could be used widely in clinical applications.
ObjectiveTo observe the predictive value of Volume OXygeneration (VOX) index for early non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) treatment in patients with type I Respiratory failure. MethodsRetrospective analysis was made on the patients with type I Respiratory failure admitted to the intensive care medicine from September 2019 to September 2022, who received early NIPPV treatment. After screening according to the discharge standard, they were grouped according to the NIPPV 2-hour VOX index. The observation group was VOX Youden index >20.95 (n=69), and the control group was VOX index ≤20.95 (n=64). Collect patient baseline data and NIPPV 2-hour, 12-hour, and 24-hour arterial blood gas values, and calculate NIPPV outcomes, intubation status, NIPPV usage time, hospital stay, and mortality rate. ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference in respiratory rate (RR) between the baseline data onto the two groups of patients, but others not. After early NIPPV treatment, the 2-hour oxygenation index (P/F) [(182.5 ± 66.14) vs. (144.1 ± 63.6) mm Hg, P<0.05] of the observation group showed a more significant increase. The failure rate of NIPPV intubation within 12 hours was lower (4.35% vs. 32.81%, P<0.05), the success rate of NIPPV withdrawal from 24 hours was higher (40.58% vs. 0%, P<0.05), and the failure rate of NIPPV intubation was lower (4.35% vs. 46.88%, P<0.05). The comparison of treatment outcomes showed that the intubation rates in the observation group (4.35% vs. 67.19%, P<0.05) was lower. The threshold of NIPPV 2-hour VOX index 20.95 was used as a predictor of Tracheal intubation, with sensitivity of 74.7% and specificity of 93.5%. ConclusionIn the early NIPPV treatment of patients with type I Respiratory failure, the NIPPV 2-hour VOX index>20.91 is taken as the evaluation index, which can better to predict the improvement in hypoxia and the risk of NIPPV failure Tracheal intubation, and has clinical significance.