On September 27, 2022, the first international standard of Diagnosis and Classification of Optic Neuritis was published online in Lancet Neurology, the top journal of neurology. The publication of this standard fills the gap in the international diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis (ON), promotes the consistency of the global diagnosis classification of ON, and helps ophthalmologists and neurologists to diagnose ON more accurately in the future. In recent decades, although Chinese ophthalmologists have made great progress in their understanding of ON and diagnosis and treatment level, it is still necessary to continue to strengthen the standardized training of Chinese neuro-ophthalmologist specialists, cooperate to establish a national ON clinical epidemiology database, carry out Chinese multi-center clinical studies, and further verify and optimize the international ON diagnostic system in future clinical practice. The ON diagnostic standards and treatment standards are gradually improved for China.
With the development of mobile technology and smartphones, the mobile health intervention project emerges, attracting grant fundings and creating new chances in healthcare. However, there is still few evidence to confirm the effectiveness of the mobile-health intervention, a possible cause being the lack of quality of research reporting, which needs to be improved for better identification, duplication and promotion of research projects. This paper interprets and analyses of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials of Electronic and Mobile Health Application and onLine TeleHealth (CONSORT-EHEALTH), in an effort to provide a reference for conducting mobile health related controlled trials research.
Comparison among multiple interventions has been realized due to the development of network meta-analysis and so far many studies have reported its implementation process. However, its results are rarely interpreted in domestic studies at present. This article interprets the results of trace plots, density plots, Brooks-Gelman-Rubin diagnosis plots, rankogram, surface under the cumulative ranking, and network plots, to provide references and assistance for further research regarding network meta-analysis.
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common human skin tumor. In recent years, the incidence of cSCC is increasing annually. Although most cSCC is curable after basic treatment, the advanced cSCC progresses rapidly and poses a significant risk for the impact on quality of life and death. In 2017, the latest version of cSCC management guideline was developed by the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) based on extensive evidence-based medical evidence, including cSCC biopsy techniques, histopathological assessment, clinical staging and grading, surgical and nonsurgical treatment, follow-up, recurrence prevention, and management of the advanced cSCC. The purpose of this article is to briefly introduce and interpretate this guideline.
In 2005, interpretative strategies for pulmonary function tests were issued jointly by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS), and they have since been updated in 2021. In this article, we introduced the updated key points, including reference equations and normal limits, natural changes in lung function over time, bronchodilator responsiveness testing, the classification of physiological impairments, and the severity of lung function impairment. We also put forward some suggestions from the viewpoint of our national conditions. We expected it to provide useful references for those concerned with the application of pulmonary function tests in China.
As a new treatment option after conventional corticosteroids and immunomodulatory drugs, biologics have been widely used in the clinical management of non-infectious uveitis in many countries due to their approved efficacy and safety. Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha monoclonal antibody is the most commonly used one. However, the guidance on its standardized application is lacking. The Ocular Immunology Group of Immunology and Rheumatology Academy in Cross-Straits Medicine Exchange Association compiled the Chinese expert consensus on treatment of non-infectious uveitis with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha monoclonal antibody. This evidence-based consensus is made according to the principle of consensus building and combines the clinical experience of the experts. Twelve recommendations are formatted on the application of Adalimumab and Infliximab. The interpretation of this consensus point will help improve the normative and effective application of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha monoclonal antibody in ophthalmologists, rheumatologists and immunologists.
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is currently the first-line minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment of biliary and pancreatic diseases. With the increasing popularity of ERCP, ERCP-related adverse events which include post-ERCP pancreatitis, cholecystitis, cholangitis, bleeding, perforation, etc., have received more and more attention. In response to the controversy and problems in the management of these adverse events, the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy published the guidelines for ERCP-related adverse events in December 2019. The paper interprets the key points in the guideline to provide references for clinical practice.
Artificial intelligence has been extensively applied in healthcare services recently, and clinical decision support systems driven by artificial intelligence are one of the applications. Early-stage clinical evaluation of artificial intelligence (AI)-based clinical decision support systems lies between preclinical development (in silico), offline validation, and large-scale trials, but few AI-related clinical studies have addressed human factors evaluations and reported the implementation environment, user characteristics, selection process and algorithm identification of AI systems. In order to bridge the development-to-implementation gap in clinical artificial intelligence and to promote the transparent and standardized reporting of early-stage clinical studies of AI-based decision support systems. A reporting guideline for the developmental and exploratory clinical investigations of decision support systems driven by artificial intelligence (DECIDE-AI) was published in 2022. This paper aimed to interpret the background, development process and key items of the DECIDE-AI guideline and promote its understanding as well as dissemination in China.