The improvement of diagnostic levels for fundus diseases depend on the advancements of fundus imaging technology. Different fundus imaging technologies allow doctors to inspect ocular fundus from different aspects such as morphological or functional changes of retina. As a basic fundus examination method, optical coherence tomography provides highresolution and crosssectional retinal images coupled with noninvasive advantages. Fully understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of each fundus imaging technique, appropriate choosing one or combining several imaging techniques, and optimizing diagnostic procedures for each fundus disease are crucial steps to improve our diagnostic levels of ocular fundus diseases.
With the rapid development of ophthalmic imaging methods, there are many ways of examination in the diagnosis and treatment of fundus diseases, such as FFA, ICGA, FAF, OCT and emerging blood vessels by OCT angiography in recent years. Multi-model image can understand the changes of anatomical structure and function of different levels and parts of the fundus from different aspects. A variety of imaging examinations are combined and complemented each other, which makes us have a further understanding of the location and pathological changes of many fundus diseases. But at the same time, the emergence of multi-modal images also brings a series of problems. How to standardize the use of multi-modal imaging platform to better serve the clinic is a problem that ophthalmologists need to understand.
The current understanding of lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP) is based on OCT examination. This preretinal proliferation is seen at the edge of the lamina macular hole (LMH) as a meso-reflective substance under linear strong reflection, located between the internal limiting membranes and the nerve fiber layer. LHEP is often associated with LMH, but its histological origin, morphology and OCT characteristics are different from LMH, and its visual prognosis is worse. At present, the relationship between the occurrence of LHEP and clinical prognosis is still under study. This article reviews the pathology, morphology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of LHEP, in order to enhance clinical understanding of this disease.
Immunogammopathy maculopathy is a newly discovered retinopathy associated with macroglobulinemia in recent years. The main manifestations were retinal vein convulsion and dilation caused by high blood viscosity, retinal interlaminar effusion and macular serous detachment. With the prolongation of the course of disease, the photoreceptor layer and RPE layer in the detachment area showed atrophic changes. The pathogenesis of ophthalmopathy is still unknown. Understanding the clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmopathy is of great significance for understanding this kind of disease and improving the level of diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmopathy.
We have studied retrospectively 13 eyes with postoperative choroidal detachment of retinal detachment surgery in 126 cases(129 eyes).The frequency of choroidal detachment in this series is 10.1%(13/129).And we found that the middle-aged patients were more common sufferers,and drainaging the subretinal fluid,the extent of retinal degeneration and the buckling procedure might be the related factors to the occurence of postoperative choroidal detachment of retinal detachment surgery. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1993,9:210-213）