ObjectiveTo study the efficacy and safety of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy with percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) in the treatment of elderly patients with high risk moderate acute cholecystitis.MethodsThe clinical data of 218 elderly patients with high risk moderate acute cholecystitis admitted to Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery in Dazhou Central Hospital from January 2015 to October 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, including 112 cases in the PTGBD combined with early LC sequential treatment group (sequential treatment group) and 106 cases in the emergency LC group. In the sequential treatment group, PTGBD was performed first, and LC was performed 3–5 days later. The emergency LC group was treated with anti infection, antispasmodic, analgesia, and basic disease control immediately after admission, and LC was performed within 24 hours. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, conversion to laparotomy rate, postoperative catheter retention time, postoperative anal exhaust time, postoperative hospitalization time, hospitalization cost, incidence of incision infection, and incidence of complications above Dindo-Clavien level 2 were compared between the two groups to evaluate their clinical efficacy and safety.ResultsAll patients in the sequential treatment group were successfully treated with PTGBD, and the symptoms were significantly relieved within 72 hours. There were significant differences in the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, conversion to laparotomy rate, postoperative tube retention time, postoperative anal exhaust time, postoperative hospitalization time, incidence of incision infection, and the incidence of complications above Dindo-Clavien level 2 between the two groups (P<0.05), which were all better in the sequential treatment group, but the hospitalization cost of the sequential treatment group was higher than that of the emergency LC group (P<0.05). There were no cases of secondary operation and death in the 2 groups. After symptomatic treatment, the symptoms of all patients were relieved, without severe complications such as biliary injury and obstructive jaundice. All the 218 patients were followed up for 4–61 months, with an average of 35 months. During follow-up period, 7 patients in the sequential treatment group had postoperative complications, and complications were occurred in 13 patients in the emergency LC group.ConclusionPTGBD is the first choice for elderly high risk moderate acute cholecystitis patients with poor systemic condition and high risk of emergency surgery, but it has the disadvantage of relatively high medical cost.
目的 探討B超引導下穿刺置管引流技術在重癥急性胰腺炎治療中的應用價值。方法 36例重癥急性胰腺炎患者均行腹腔穿刺置管引流，其中經皮肝膽管（膽囊）穿刺置管引流（PTCD）23例，腹膜后積液（膿腫）穿刺置管沖洗引流16例，配合常規內科治療，取得滿意效果。結果 所有患者穿刺置管過程順利，均未出現與穿刺相關的并發癥如氣胸、血胸、腹腔內出血、穿刺部位感染等。所有患者在禁食、胃腸減壓、抗生素、生長抑素、制酸、維持水電解質酸堿平衡及腸內外營養支持治療的基礎上輔以超聲引導下穿刺置管引流，僅1例暴發性胰腺炎患者發生膿腔內大出血導致多器官衰竭而死亡，其余35例均治愈，無中轉開腹手術，患者腹痛、腹脹、腹部壓痛等主要癥狀和體征緩解時間為（4.4±1.3）d（1～7d），尿淀粉酶恢復正常時間為（3.1±1.5）d（2～8d）,住院時間為（23.4±7.3）d（16～55d）。結論 B超引導下穿刺置管引流術操作簡單、創傷輕微，在重癥急性胰腺炎治療中有重要價值。
ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) combined with early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the treatment of elderly patients with high-risk acute cholecystitis.MethodsThe clinical data of 128 elderly patients with high-risk acute cholecystitis admitted to Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery in Dazhou Central Hospital from January 2015 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 62 patients underwent PTGBD combined with early LC treatment (PTGBD+early LC group), 66 patients underwent PTGBD combined with delayed LC treatment (PTGBD+delayed LC group). Comparison was performed on the operative time, intraoperative blood loss, conversion to laparotomy rate, postoperative indwelling time, postoperative hospitalization time, total hospitalization time, and complication.ResultsPTGBD was successfully performed in all patients, and the symptoms were relieved within 72 hours. There was no significant difference in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, conversion to laparotomy rate, postoperative indwelling time, postoperative hospitalization time, and total complication rate between the two groups (P>0.05), but the total hospitalization time of the PTGBD+early LC group was shorter than that of the PTGBD+delayed LC group (P<0.001). There was no second operation and death in both two groups. The 128 patients were followed-up for 2–50 months with a average of 19 months. Results of follow-up after operation showed that the patients did not complain of obvious abdominal pain, abdominal distension, chills, fever, jaundice, and other discomforts.ConclusionsFor elderly patients with high-risk acute cholecystitis, early LC is a safe and effective treatment for patients with good overall condition after PTGBD. It can not only shorten the total hospitalization time, but also significantly shorten the time of tube-taking and improve the quality of life of patients. It has important clinical application value.
Objective To observe and evaluate the efficacy of continuous drainage with intravenous catheter in the treatment of breast abscess infected by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and to explore the best treatment methods. Methods Sixty cases of breast abscess infected by MRSA were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into continuous drainage group and puncture drainage group according to the treatment. Continuous drainage with 14G intravenous catheter and intermittent aspiration with 20 mL syringe were performed to treat the breast abscesses in the continuous drainage group (n=36) and puncture drainage group (n=24), respectively. Meanwhile, sensitive antibiotics were used according to the results of susceptibility test. The therapeutic effects of the 2 groups were compared. Results There were no significant differences in baseline data between continuous drainage group and puncture drainage group (P>0.05). There was no significant differences of cure rate between the two groups (P=0.717). Compared with the puncture drainage group, the continuous drainage group showed shorter period of time to heal the breast abscess (P=0.001), shorter period of time to control the ache (P=0.038), less punctures (P<0.001) and more daily volume of drainage (P<0.001). No significant differences were found in the period of time to control the fever between the two groups (P=0.127). Conclusions Continuous drainage with intravenous catheter can shorten the course of disease, reduce the suffering of patients, reduce the difficulty of hospital infection prevention and control. It’s an ideal choice for the treatment of breast abscess infected by MRSA.
目的 比較開腹、腹腔鏡和經皮肝穿刺引流3種方法治療細菌性肝膿腫的優劣性，為細菌性肝膿腫治療方法的選擇提供參考依據。方法 回顧性分析筆者所在醫院2010年9月至2011年7月期間收治的39例細菌性肝膿腫患者的臨床資料，根據其治療方式將患者分為開腹組、腹腔鏡組和經皮經肝穿刺引流組（穿刺組）3組，對3組的首次治愈者比例、1個月治愈者比例、發生并發癥者比例、住院時間及住院費用進行比較。結果 開腹組、腹腔鏡組和穿刺組首次治愈者比例分別為10/12、8/9及12/18，3組間差異有統計學意義（P＜0.05）； 1個月治愈者比例分別為11/12、9/9及17/18，3組間差異無統計學意義（P＞0.05）；發生并發癥者比例分別為2/12、1/9及2/18，腹腔鏡組和穿刺組之間的差異無統計學意義（P＞0.05），2組與開腹組相比差異均有統計學意義（P＜0.05）；住院時間分別為（15.4±4.5） d、（9.7±2.3） d及 （16.7±5.8） d （P＜0.05）；住院費用分別為（1.9±0.5）萬元、（1.3±0.3）萬元及（0.8±0.2）萬元（P＜0.05）。結論 開腹組、腹腔鏡組和穿刺組3種治療方法各有利弊，個體化選擇治療方式是肝膿腫的治療策略。
目的探討經皮經肝膽管穿刺引流（PTCD）、經皮腹腔穿刺引流及Roux-en-Y膽管空腸吻合術序貫治療高位膽管損傷合并膽漏的療效。方法對我中心2004年5月至2009年5月期間收治的5例高位膽管損傷合并膽漏的患者，應用PTCD、經皮腹腔穿刺引流、Roux-en-Y膽管空腸吻合術序貫治療過程及療效進行回顧性分析。結果5例患者均獲痊愈，隨訪3~24個月，未發生膽管再次狹窄、膽管炎等并發癥。結論PTCD、經皮腹腔穿刺引流后，再進行Roux-en-Y膽管空腸吻合術是治療高位膽管損傷合并膽漏的首選方法。
ObjectiveTo analyze the cause of complications for patients with advanced malignant biliary obstruc-tion treated with percutaneous transhepatic implantation of biliary stent (PTBS) and summarize the experiences of comp-lications of the treatment. MethodThe complications of 59 patients firstly treated with percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage (PTCD) then with PTBS in 156 cases of advanced malignant biliary obstruction from January 2010 to January 2013 in this hospital were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsFifty-nine cases of complications were occurred in 156 cases of advanced malignant biliary obstruction, the incidence was 37.8%, including biliary infection in 26 cases, bile duct bleeding in 17 cases, liver failure in 5 cases, renal failure in 4 cases, acute pancreatitis in 4 cases, stent displa-cement in 2 cases, bile duct perforation in 1 case.Three cases died in 59 patients with complications, 56 cases were improved after symptomatic treatment. ConclusionPTCD combined with PTBS is a safe and effective treatment of advanced malignant biliary obstruction, the reasonable perioperative management is very important to reduce the occurrence of complications.
目的 探討前列腺體積＞60 mL的前列腺增生癥患者的手術安全性，提高部分合并尿道狹窄前列腺增生癥患者的手術實施率。 方法 2009年3月－2010年3月，行恥骨上膀胱穿刺引流下經尿道前列腺電切術（TURP）治療前列腺增生58例。年齡54～93歲，平均72歲，病程8個月～12年，平均7.2年；前列腺體積35～128 mL，平均78 mL；國際前列腺癥狀評分24～35分，平均30.2分 ；最大尿流率1.2～4.8 mL/s，平均1.8 mL/s；殘余尿量84～210 mL，平均160 mL。術前無尿潴留28例。 結果 58例順利完成手術，其中2例伴包膜穿孔，9例前尿道狹窄者通過去外鞘電切鏡完成手術。所有患者切除前列腺組織體積18～86 mL，平均58 mL；術中沖洗液為5%葡萄糖液，用量18 600～42 500 mL，平均23 500 mL；手術時間45～185 min，平均70 min。術后病理檢查均示良性前列腺增生，術后住院時間3～8 d，平均5 d。術后患者最大尿流率為18～46 mL/s，平均32 mL/s。 結論 恥骨上膀胱穿刺引流能降低膀胱內壓，減少水、糖分吸收，增加手術安全性，提高了部分合并前尿道狹窄的前列腺增生患者的手術幾率。
ObjectiveTo explore the curative effect and the appropriate time of sequentially with minimal invasive methods in treatment of elderly acute calculous cholecystitis patients combined with organ dysfunction syndrome (ODS). MethodsClinical data of 67 elderly acute calculous cholecystitis patients combined with ODS who received treatment in our hospital from December 2010 to December 2013 were collected retrospectively. All of the 67 patients were treated with percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) under the guidance of B ultrasound or CT at first, as well as systemic anti infective therapy, and then underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) sequentially when situation of body got well. ResultsAll of the 67 patients (100%) were treated with PTGBD successfully, but only 65 patients finished the latter related test. For the 65 patients, compared with before PTGBD, the patient's pain, abdominal distention, vomiting, leukocyte count, neutrophil ratio, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, total bilirubin, C-reactive protein, and temperature had gotten obviously better on 1 and 4 d after PTGBD (P<0.05). There were 3 patients dropped LC, 2 patients transferred to mini-incision cholecystectomy, and the rest of 60 patients underwent LC successfully. All of the patients recovery and discharged from hospital in 2-7 days after operation. ConclusionSequentially mini-invasive method is a simple, easy, safe, effective, mini trauma, and quick recovery method for the elderly acute cholecystitis patients combined with the ODS.
目的探討晚期惡性梗阻性黃疸減黃、保肝的處理方式。方法回顧性分析我科2008年1月至2009年10月期間收治的80例惡性梗阻性黃疸患者，根據腫瘤部位、患者身體、經濟條件等確定無法行根治性手術者，采用不同的減黃術式。結果本組80例患者中，9例行PTCD，42例行PTBS，29例行ERBD。并發癥發生情況: PTBS組有15例，ERBD組6例，PTCD組2例。PTCD組的住院時間和住院費用明顯低于PTBS組和ERBD組(Plt;0.05)。結論晚期惡性梗阻性黃疸，一經確診，盡早處理，微創引流減黃是首選方式。