Objective To explore the microbiological etiology and antibiotic susceptibility of periopertive urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty, so as to provide recommendations for antibiotic treatment. Methods A retrospective review was conducted for patients with perioperative UTI who underwent hip or knee arthroplasty between January 1st, 2013 and October 1st, 2015. Microbiological data and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria were analyzed. Results A total of 117 strains of bacteria were identified, including 11 types of species. Among the organisms cultured, 86.3% (101 strains) were gram-negative bacteria, in which Escherichia coli was the most common causative organism (70.9%, 83 strains), followed by Klebsiella species (7.7%, 9 strains) and Proteus mirabilis (3.4%, 4 strains). And among the gram-positive bacteria detected, the proportion of Enterococcus faecalis and Feces Enterococcus was 6.8% (8 strains) and 3.4% (4 strains), respectively. The bacteria showed highly resistance to cephalosporins, quinolones and sulfonamides, but showed high sensitive to nitrofurantoin, carbopenems, the enzyme inhibitor complex and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Conclusions There is a diversity of bacteria involved in UTI, and the top 3 pathogens are Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella species. The resistance rate is high, and nitrofurantoin, amilacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoperazone-sulbactam are the recommended antibiotics to treat the UTI, but the antibiotic should be adjusted according to susceptibility results.
A multiple-stimuli-responsive drug-conjugated cross-linked micelles was prepared by radical copolymerization. The chemical structure, morphology, and size of the cross-linked micelles were characterized, and the drug loading of the micelle was calculated. The experimental results indicated that the hydrodynamic size of the drug-loaded micelles were about 100 nm, and the as prepared micelles could be degraded and swelled in presence of reducing glutathione (GSH). The low critical solution temperature (LCST) of the micelle was around 39.4℃. According to the experimental results, the micelles will shrink at temperature above the LCST. Subsequently, the accumulative drug release rate was up to 91.78% under acidic (pH 5.0), reductive (GSH 10 mmol/L) and high temperature (42.0℃) conditions mimicking the tumor microenvironment, while a relatively low release rate of 1.12% was observed without stimulation. The drug-conjugated cross-linked micelles showed a strong cell uptake behavior. In the cytotoxicity assay, the micelles exhibited effective anti-cancer activity and excellent biocompatibility. In brief, the experimental results show that the as-prepared drug-conjugated cross-linked micelle exhibits multiple stimuli-responsiveness, which holds great promise for anti-cancer drug delivery.
Objective To investigate the radiation-sensitizing effects of Ku80 silencing by siRNA interference for A549 lung cancer cells. Methods The sequences of Ku80 siRNA and negative siRNA were chemically synthesized and transfected into A549 lung cancer cells by lipofectamine. RT-PCR and Western bolt analysis were used to determine Ku80 gene expression. The transfected cells in culture dishes were irradiated with X ray at doses of 2 Gy, 4 Gy, 6 Gy, 8 Gy, 10 Gy, respectively. Once all treatments were completed, the cells were processed with the colony formation assay. Results RT-PCR detection showed that Ku80 mRNA levels in A549 lung cancer cells were reduced after transfected with Ku80 siRNA at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h time points. Western blot analysis showed that Ku80 protein content decreased at 48 h and 72 h time points compared with the control group ( P lt; 0. 05 ) . Cloning formation assay indicated that radiosensitivity of A549 lung cancer cells was enhanced after transfected with Ku80 siRNA. Conclusion Ku80 siRNA can effectively inhibit Ku80 gene expression of A549 lung cancer cells, and therefore enhance its radiosensitivity.
目的：研究小鼠頭頸鱗癌細胞株SCCⅦ體外放射敏感性，并探討其與細胞周期阻滯的可能關系。方法：利用細胞克隆形成試驗及MTT法檢測SCCⅦ細胞受X射線照射后細胞存活能力及細胞生長趨勢的變化，通過流式細胞學檢測X射線照射后細胞周期分布的變化。結果：相同劑量照射后的SCCⅦ細胞存活分數高于Hela細胞（Plt;0.05）；4 Gy照射后的SCCⅦ細胞在96 h內細胞生長速度仍高于Hela細胞（Plt;0.05）；4 Gy照射后SCCⅦ細胞G1期和G2期細胞比例明顯升高（Plt;0.05）。結論：SCCⅦ細胞對放射線不敏感性，放射線導致的細胞周期阻滯是SCCⅦ細胞放射抵抗的可能原因之一
ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical settings, antibiotic susceptibilities, management and outcomes of streptococcal endophthalmitis. MethodsA retrospective observational case series study. Fifty six eyes of 56 patients diagnosed with streptococcal endophthalmitis in Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University from 2012 to 2022 were collected. The treatment followed the general principles of relevant guidelines, including pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), vitreous injection of antibiotics (IVI), vitreous injection of glucocorticoids and systemic application of antibiotics. The follow-up time was (11.9±17.0) months. Patients' clinical characteristics, pathogenic distribution and antibiotic susceptibilities, treatment and outcomes in their medical records were retrospectively collected and analyzed. ResultsAll 56 patients had monocular onset, including 39 (69.6%, 39/56) males and 17 (30.4%, 17/56) females, 26 (46.4%, 26/56) with left eyes involved and 30 (53.6%, 30/56) with right eyes involved. Their average age was (25.0±24.4) years. Ocular trauma was the leading cause of streptococcal endophthalmitis (73.2%, 41/56), followed by ophthalmic surgery (23.2%, 13/56) and endogenous infection (3.6%, 2/56). The streptococcal species included Streptococcus viridans (50.0%, 28/56), Streptococcus pneumoniae (18/56, 32.1%) and β-hemolytic Streptococcus (17.9%, 10/56). The susceptibility rates of Streptococcus to penicillin, cefatriaxone, vancomycin and levofloxacin were 66.0%, 57.1%, 94.1% and 92.4%, respectively. Patients received PPV+IVI and IVI as initial treatment were 49 eyes (87.5%, 49/56) and 7 eyes (12.5%, 7/56), respectively. Vitreous injection of glucocorticoids were performed in 17 eyes (30.4%, 17/56); and systemic antibiotics were applied in 52 cases (92.9%, 52/56). At the final follow-up, 47 eyes were recorded with visual acuity. Twenty (35.7%, 20/56) had best corrected visual acuity (BCVA)≥0.05 and 27 (48.2%, 27/56) had BCVA ＜0.05, of which 1 (1.8%, 1/56) had an eyeball enucleation. The etiology of endophthalmitis, streptococcal species, initial treatment with PPV, vitreous injection of glucocorticoids, and systemic antibiotics did not significantly affect patients' visual outcomes (P＞0.05). Timely visit to the hospital after the onset of symptoms (≤3 days) was significantly associated with achieving a final BCVA above 0.05 (P=0.025). ConclusionsOcular trauma was the primary cause of streptococcal endophthalmitis. Streptococcus viridans is the most common pathogenic bacterium. Streptococci had high susceptibility to vancomycin, but patients' visual outcomes were poor.
目的:探討人凋亡相關新基因PNAS-4(hPNAS-4)基因通過脂質體轉染至Lewis肺癌LL2細胞后對放射治療的增敏作用。〖HTH〗方法〖HTSS〗:用脂質體介導的轉染技術,將hPNAS-4基因導入Lewis肺癌LL2細胞中,Western blot鑒定其過表達后,觀察X射線照射對其集落形成的影響;流式細胞儀檢測hPNAS-4基因或／和放療(0,1,2,4,6 Gy)對LL2細胞生長抑制及凋亡的影響。〖HTH〗結果〖HTSS〗:通過Western blot證實了hPNAS-4基因在LL2細胞中的過表達。Lip-hPNAS-4加放射治療處理組細胞的生存能力明顯降低,腫瘤細胞的克隆形成明顯減少,流式細胞術檢測體外培養的腫瘤細胞凋亡明顯增加。〖HTH〗結論〖HTSS〗:hPNAS-4基因聯合放射治療能產生協同抗腫瘤效應。
ObjectiveTo detect the expression of microRNA-497(miR-497) in gastric cancer and its biological significance, and to find out its regulatory links with other genes and investigate the effect of miR-497 overexpression interference on chemotherapy sensitivity of gastric cancer cell line. MethodsNinety-four gastric cancer tissues and adjacent to cancer tissues from 2010 to 2013 in this hospital were collected. The expression of miR-497 in the gastric cancer tissue or adjacent to cancer tissue was detected by real-time PCR. SGC-7901 cell line was transfected by miR-497-negative control and miR-497-mimics, respectively. The BCL2L2 expression was measured by Western blot after upregulation of miR-497. The chemotherapy sensitivity of cell line was tested by MTT assay. Results①The expression of miR-497 was significantly downregulated in the gastric cancer tissues as compared with the adjacent to cancer tissues (P < 0.01). 2 BCL2L2 was predicted to target gene of miR-497. after miR-497 overexpression in cells, the expression of BCL2L2 protein was decreased in the miR-497-mimics cells as compared with negative control cells. The IC50 in the miR-497-mimics cells was significantly lower than that in the negative control cells(P=0.004 6). ConclusionsmiR-497 expression is frequently downregulated in gastric cancer tissue. Overexpression of miR-497 could inhibit the expression of target gene BCL2L2, and improve chemotherapy sensitivity of gastric cancer cell line, which implies that miR-497 may play an important role in carcinogenesis and therapy of gastric cancer.
Objective To investigate the effects of matrine on proliferation, apoptosis and radiotherapy sensitivity of uveal melanoma cells. MethodsAn animal experiment study. In vitro experiment: MuM2B cells of human choroidal melanoma were randomly divided into control group and matrine 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00 g/L groups. The cell morphology was observed by transmission electron microscope. Cell proliferation was detected by thiazole blue colorimetry. The mRNA and relative expression levels of CyclinD D (CyclinD), B lymphoblastoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax) were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. In vivo experiment: BALB/C mice were injected with MuM2B cell suspension subcutaneously on the back of forelimb to prepare transplanted tumor model. After successful modeling, they were randomly divided into blank group and matrine treatment group with different concentrations. Mice in blank group were injected with phosphate buffer subcutaneously. Mice in different matrine treatment groups were injected with 15, 25, 50, 100 mg/kg matrine subcutaneously, respectively, for 7 consecutive days. The tumor was weighed and its volume was measured after the last administration. Single factor analysis of variance was used to compare different groups. The t test was used for pairwise comparison between groups. ResultsIn the control group, the cell structure was normal, the distribution was uniform, and no or rare nuclear pyknosis was seen. With the increase of matrine dosage, the nuclear pyretosis increased gradually and cell morphology changed obviously. Compared with the control group, the cell survival rate in 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 g/L groups gradually decreased with matrine concentration increasing and treatment time prolongating, the relative expression levels of CyclinD and Bcl-2 mRNA and protein gradually decreased, and the relative expression levels of Bax mRNA and protein gradually increased. Under the same radiation dose X-ray irradiation, the cell survival rate of 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 g/L groups gradually decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Compared with blank group, the tumor weight and volume of mice in different doses of matrine group were significantly decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). ConclusionMatrine can down-regulate the expression of CyclinD and Bcl-2, up-regulate the expression of Bax, promote the apoptosis of MuM2B human melanoma cells, inhibit cell proliferation, and enhance cell radiosensitivity.
目的 探討血尿酸與胰島素分泌和敏感性的關系。 方法 對成都市龍泉驛區2007年6月－7月間20～75歲常住自然人群565人進行人口學、腰圍、臀圍、血壓、75 g葡萄糖耐量及胰島素測定（0、30、120 min），血脂、血肌酐及血尿酸檢測。以早期胰島素分泌功能指數（△I30/△G30）和葡萄糖處置指數（DIo）代表胰島素分泌功能，以Matsuda 指數代表胰島素敏感性，分別與血尿酸進行相關性研究。 結果 男性的血尿酸與年齡呈負相關，與舒張壓、葡萄糖負荷后120 min胰島素和甘油三酯呈正相關。女性的血尿酸與甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、血肌酐呈正相關，與高密度脂蛋白、Matsuda指數呈負相關。無論男性和女性，均未發現血尿酸與△I30/△G30、DIo相關。 結論 女性的胰島素敏感性下降與血尿酸升高有關。未發現血尿酸與胰島素分泌有相關關系。