【摘要】 目的 探討系統性紅斑狼瘡腦病（SLEE）的磁共振成像（MRI）特征和診斷價值。 方法 回顧性分析2007年1月-2009年7月間18例SLEE的臨床表現及MRI特征。 結果 18例患者MRI檢查的顱腦陽性率為88.88%（16/18），腦部MRI表現為:①15例為多發病灶，局灶者1例。②雙側大腦半球、基底節區及小腦半球腦實質內長T1、長或稍長T信號，DWI及EPI成像上呈高或稍高信號，灰白質均可受累，分布無規律性。③增強MRI掃描9例，其中5例呈斑片狀強化，4例無明顯強化。④腦梗死12例，腦出血4例。合并腦水腫9例，腦萎縮7例。 結論 SLEE的MRI表現多樣，結合臨床資料，MRI可以作出診斷。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of systemic lupus erythematosus encephalopathy (SLEE) and its diagnostic value. Methods The clinical data and MRI images of 18 patients with SLEE admitted from January 2007 to July 2009 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results Positive findings were found in 16 patients (88.88%). MRI findings of SLEE were the following: ①A Total of 15 patients were with diffuse lesions, one patient was with focal lesions. ②Cerebral hemisphere involvement and bilateral caudate long T1 and long or slightly long T2 signal were intensive in the brain parenchyma, and appeared as hyper-intensity or slightly hyper-intensity on DWI and EPI. Grey and white matters were involved often and irregularly distributed. ③The results of 9 patients by enhanced MRI showed that 5 patients were with patchy enhancement and 4 were without enhancement. ④Of the 16 positive patients, 12 were with cerebral infarction and 4 with cerebral hemorrhage, while 9 patients were complicated with cerebral edema, and 7 patients were with cerebral atrophy. Conclusion MRI manifestations of SLEE are various. Combined with clinical data, MRI can diagnose SLEE exactly.
目的:觀察CyclinD1,P16在皮膚鱗狀細胞癌組織中的表達,探討CyclinD1,P16在皮膚鱗狀細胞癌發生發展中的作用。方法:用免疫組織化學技術檢測40例皮膚鱗癌石蠟包埋組織和10例正常皮膚組織的CyclinD1,P16表達。結果:CyclinD1在皮膚鱗癌組織中表達高于皮膚正常對照組,兩者差異有顯著統計學意義(Plt;0.01); P16在皮膚鱗癌組織中表達低于皮膚正常對照組,但兩者差異無顯著統計學意義(Pgt;0.05);CyclinD1,P16在皮膚鱗癌中表達呈正相關性(r=0.782,Plt;0.01)。結論:CyclinD1在皮膚鱗狀細胞癌組織中陽性表達上調,P16在皮膚鱗狀細胞癌組織中陽性表達下調,CyclinD1,P16在皮膚鱗癌中表達呈正相關。
目的:探討骨髓細胞形態學變化特征在鑒別診斷骨髓增生異常綜合征(MDS-RA)及巨幼紅細胞性貧血(MA)中的意義。方法:骨髓片瑞氏染色,記數骨髓中有核細胞200個,并觀察其形態。結果:(1)MDS的骨髓象除巨幼樣變外,還有形態的異常。以淋巴樣小巨核細胞最具有診斷意義。(2)巨幼紅細胞性貧血三系血細胞的巨變程度比MDS-RA明顯.結論:MDS-RA與MA細胞形態學既具有相似性,又具有各自不同特征。
Objective To approach histologically the degree of choroidal invasions of retinoblastoma and their relations with metastasis and prognosis. Methods The pathological sections of 297 enucleated eyeballs with retinoblastom from June 1985 to 1995 were reviewed under light microscope.For the sake of assessing the risk factors of the prognosis of the disease,the graduation of the choroidal invasion was in vestigated in particular,and the follow-up of this genesis were performed as well. Results According to the degree of affection of the intraocular tissues from the tumor cells especially the choroid as the crucial structure,the choroidal invasions were classified into the following 5 categories:0，prereactive phase of retinal pigment epithelium(144/297,48.48%).Ⅰ，reactive phase of retinal pigment epithelium(81/297，27.27%).Ⅱ, early phase of choroidal invasion( 29/297,9.76%).Ⅲ, middle phase of choroidal invasion(17/297,5.72%).Ⅳ， advanced phase of choroidal in vasion(26/297,8.75%).24.24% of cases were found in phases Ⅱ-Ⅳ (so called choroidal invasion).The mortality in patients with phases 0～Ⅲ was found to be 0.4% in the average follow-up period of 51.8 months,and inpatients with phase Ⅳ was found to be 12.0%. Conclusion The retinoblastoma patient with the advanced phase of choroidal invasion (choroida l invasion with great extent) had relative high metastatic rate and poor prognos is. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1999,15:88-90)
Surgery is an accepted standard in the treatment of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG), but the efficacy of surgery alone for locally advanced AEG is limited. In-depth studies concerning combined therapy for AEG have been carried out worldwide, including neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT), neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), perioperative chemotherapy (pCT), postoperative chemoradiotherapy, etc. Significantly, the contribution of nCRT and pCT to improving the prognosis of locally advanced AEG patients has been shed light on. Compared with that, multimodality treatment for AEG patients is not well established in China. An attempt was thus made to take an overview of the evidence-based research advance regarding integrated therapy of AEG.
Objective To establish different kinds of reduced size liver transplantation model of rats， and to explorethe optimal marginal size of liver graft in orthotopic liver transplantation， in purpose of providing a kind of animal modelfor the study about mechanism and prevention measures of small-for-size syndrome. Methods One hundred and ninety-two rats were randomly divided into whole liver graft transplantation group （underwent whole liver graft transplantation），half liver graft transplantation group （the median lobe and right lobe of the liver were selected to be the graft）， small size liver graft transplantation group （the median lobe of the liver was selected to be the graft）， and extra-small size liver graft transplantation group （the median lobe and left lobe of the liver were reduced， and remained lobes were selected to be the graft）， each group enrolled 48 rats. After liver graft transplantation， 24 rats of each group were selected to observe the survival situation， 12 rats of each group were selected to measure portal venous pressure at time point of before operation，and 5， 15， 30， 45， and 60 minutes after transplantation. The other 12 rats of each group were test the level of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）. Results Seven-day survival rate of the whole liver graft transplantation group， half liver graft transplantation group， small size liver graft transplantation group， and extra-small size liver graft transplantation group was 100% （24/24）， 87.5% （21/24）， 37.5% （9/24）， and 0 respectively. Portal venous pressure of whole liver graft trans-plantation group was stable after opening the portal vein， although there was slight increase at prophase in half liver graft transplantation group， and then the portal venous pressure would let down， keeping stable at the later stage. But in small size liver graft transplantation group and extra-small size liver graft transplantation group， the portal venous pressure incr-eased and got the top at 15 minutes after opening the portal vein， and then induced， keeping stable during the 45-60 minutes.Portal venous pressure at the point of 5 （r=-0.942）， 15 （r=-0.947）， 30 （r=-0.900）， 45 （r=-0.825）， and 60 （r=-0.705）minutes after opening the portal vein were significantly related to liver graft size （P＜0.001）. The levels of ALT in wholeliver graft transplantation group and half liver graft transplantation group were both lower than those of small size livergraft transplantation group and extra-small size liver graft transplantation group （P＜0.05）， and levels of ALT in small size liver graft transplantation group was lower than extra-small size liver graft transplantation group too （P＜0.05）. Levelof ALT at 24 hours after transplantation were significantly related to liver graft size （r=-0.685， P＜0.001）. Conclusions The minimum graft volume/standard liver volume （GV/SLV） in reduced size liver transplantation in rat is 50%. The liver graft whose GV/SLV is 30%-35% should be considered as marginal size liver graft， and the liver graft whose GV/SLV less than 30% should be considered as extra-small size liver graft in the rat.
To aggressively proliferate and metastasize, cancer cells are in extreme need of energy supply and nutrients. Therefore, a promising cancer therapy strategy is developed to target its hallmark feature of metabolism. Recent findings revealed the regulatory role of caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a structural protein of caveolae, in cancer metabolism. And low Cav-1 expression in tumor stroma was proved to be a central player of cancer malignant phenotype. Here, we summarized the progressions of studies on Cav-1, mitochondria and cancer metabolism to indicate that the altered metabolism induced by Cav-1 and mitochondria association is a major cause of cancer malignant phenotype.
Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens isolated fromlower respiratory tract in mechanically ventilated patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( AECOPD) . Methods The patients with AECOPD, who were hospitalized in RICU from January 2008 to November 2009, were divided into a community infection group and a nosocomial infection group. Lower respiratory tract isolates were collected by bronchoscopic protected specimen brush for bacterial identification and susceptibility test. Results 134 cases were enrolled in the study, with 75 cases in thecommunity infection group and 59 cases in the nosocomial infection group. The positive detection rate in the nosocomial infection group was significantly higher than that in the community infection group [ 81. 4%( 48/59) vs. 54. 7% ( 41/75) ] . In the community infection group, 49 strains were isolated, in which gramnegativebacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and fungi accounted for 55. 1% , 28. 6% , and 16. 3% , respectively.In the nosocomial infection group, 55 strains were isolated, in which gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and fungi accounted for 61. 8% , 21. 8% , and 16. 4%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the microbial distribution between the two groups ( P gt; 0. 05) . The detection rate of ESBLs producing strains in the nosocomial infection group was significantly higher than that in the community infection group ( 58. 8% vs. 37% ) . The resistance rates in the nosocomial groups were higher than those in the community infection group. Conclusions Antibiotic resistance is serious in mechanically ventilated patients with AECOPD, especially in the nosocomial infection patients. The increased fungi infection and drug resistance warrant clinicians to pay more attention to rational use of antibiotics, and take effective control measures.
Objective To investigate the AIDS knowledge and sexual behavior of middle school students in the key areas of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Liangshan, Sichuan Province in 2015 and 2020, so as to understand the epidemic trend and acquire possible references for future prevention. Methods A survey on AIDS knowledge and sexual behavior of middle school students was conducted in 2015 and 2020 in the key areas of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Liangshan, Sichuan Province, respectively. The prevalences of HIV/AIDS knowledge and sexual behavior were analyzed. Results The rate of AIDS education was increasing, which was 75.4% in 2015 and 89.3% in 2020, respectively. However, the awareness rate of AIDS remained low, which was 44.4% in 2015 and 53.3% in 2020, respectively. The reported rate of sexual behavior decreased, which was 12.8% in 2015 and 1.6% in 2020, respectively. The condom usage rates were still low, with 47.4% and 55.8%, respectively in 2015 and 2020. Conclusions The AIDS publicity and education work in Liangshan is effective, and the awareness rate of AIDS, the rate of sexual behavior and the usage rate of condom are improving well. However, the slow increase in the awareness rate of AIDS and the usage rate of condom require further in-depth analysis aiming at the specification of this area so that effective scientific measures can be carried out to prevent the HIV/AIDS diffusion.
ObjectiveTo summarize experiences of diagnosis and treatment of intraperitoneal mass after associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodThe clinicopathologic data of a 40 years old case of HCC with intraperitoneal mass after ALPPS in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe patient was admitted to this hospital because of abdominal pain and abdominal distension for 5 d. The intraperitoneal mass was found and its nature was not clear on year 1 after ALPPS on admission. After discussion of multidisciplinary team (MDT), the exploratory laparotomy and abdominal tumor resection were planned to perform. The intraperitoneal mass and appendix were removed, the resected tissues were diagnosed as chronic inflammation and retroperitoneal abscess caused by perforation of suppurative appendicitis, respectively. The anti-infection and symptomatic support treatment were strengthened to perform after operation, the patient discharged after recovery. The patient was followed up so far, the general condition was good, and there was no clinical recurrence.ConclusionsFor patient underwent ALPPS, regular follow-up should be paid attention to. If intraperitoneal mass is found and nature is not clear, MDT discussion should be performed so as to make a more reasonable treatment plan. After exclusion of contraindications, surgical treatment should be carried out to furthest benefit patients.