Objective To explore the relationship between imbalance in sagittal plane as well as structural factors and lumbar degenerative disease. Methods Patients diagnosed between July 2012 and May 2015 were divided into 4 groups according to corresponding diagnostic criteria: lumbar disc herniation group (LDH), lumbar disc protrusion group (LDP), degenerative lumbar spondylisthesis group (DLS) and nonspecific low back pain group (NLBP); 40 patients were included in each group according to their visiting time. All patients underwent X-ray, CT, and MRI. Sagittal parameters and evaluate degeneration level of structural factors were measured, and the difference among the groups were analyzed. Results There was statistical significance in differences of pelvic incidence (PI) and lumbar lordosis (LL) among 4 groups (P<0.05). Average PI was followed in descending order: DLS, LDP, NLBP, and LDH; average LL was followed in descending order: DLS, NLBP, LDP, and LDH. There was no statistical differences in sacral slope and pelvic tilting among 4 groups (P>0.05). The difference in the level of lumbar disc degeneration between NLBP group (which had slightest lumbar disc degeneration) and the other groups was significant (P<0.001) while no statistical differences in level and rate of lumbar disc degeneration among the other three groups was found (P>0.05). As to the level of lumbar zygapophyseal joint degeneration, there was statistical differences between NLBP group (which had the lowest level of lumbar zygapophyseal joint degeneration) and the other groups (P<0.001) while no statistical differences in the grade of lumbar zygapophyseal joint degeneration among the other three groups (P>0.05). There was statistical differences in the rate of lumbar zygapophyseal joint degeneration between LDH and DLS group (χ2=11.429,P=0.001). Conclusions Vertical lunbar spine is combined with LDH of which the level of lumbar zygapophyseal joint degeneration is minimized, while crooked lunbar spine is combined with DLS of which the level of lumbar zygapophyseal joint degeneration is maximization. NLBP has the lowest level of degeneration of lumbar disc and lumbar zygapophyseal joint degeneration.
Currently, monitoring system of awareness of the depth of anesthesia has been more and more widely used in clinical practices. The intelligent evaluation algorithm is the key technology of this type of equipment. On the basis of studies about changes of electroencephalography (EEG) features during anesthesia, a discussion about how to select reasonable EEG parameters and classification algorithm to monitor the depth of anesthesia has taken place. A scheme which combines time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis and the variability of EEG and decision tree as classifier and least squares to compute Depth of anesthesia Index (DOAI) is proposed in this paper. Using the EEG of 40 patients who underwent general anesthesia with propofol, and the classification and the score of the EEG annotated by anesthesiologist, we verified this scheme with experiments. Classification and scoring was based on a combination of modified observer assessment of alertness/sedation (MOAA/S), and the changes of EEG parameters of patients during anesthesia. Then we used the BIS index to testify the validation of the DOAI. Results showed that Pearson's correlation coefficient between the DOAI and the BIS over the test set was 0.89. It is demonstrated that the method is feasible and has good accuracy.
Low-intensity ultrasound stimulation of the retina has the ability to modulate neural activity in the primary visual cortex (V1), however, it is currently unclear how different intensities and durations of ultrasonic stimulation of the retina modulate neural activity in V1. In this paper, we recorded local field potential (LFP) signals in the V1 brain region of mice under different ultrasound intensities and different stimulation times. The amplitude of LFP corresponding to 1 s before ultrasound stimulation to 2 s after stimulation (–1–2 s) was analyzed, including the power and sample entropy of delta, theta, alpha beta, and low gamma frequency bands. The experimental results showed that, as the stimulation intensity increased, the peak value of the LFP in the visual cortex showed a linear upward trend; the power in the delta and theta frequency bands showed a linear upward trend, and the sample entropy showed a linear downward trend. With increases of stimulation duration, the peak value of the LFP in the visual cortex showed an upward trend, and the upward trend gradually weakened; the power in the delta frequency band showed an upward trend, the sample entropy showed a linear upward trend, and the sample entropy in the theta frequency band showed a downward trend. The results show that low-intensity ultrasonic stimulation of the retina has a significant modulatory effect on neural activity in the visual cortex. The study provides insights into the mechanisms by which ultrasonic stimulation regulates visual system function. Furthermore, it clarifies the patterns of parameter selection, facilitating the development of personalized multi-parameter modulation for the treatment of visual neural degeneration, retinal disorders and related research areas.
According to the working principle of vertical ultrasonic vial washing machine, receiving respective force of small water droplets on the inside wall of vials and the minimum air velocity of blowing off water droplets can be obtained based on the analysis of water-droplet-related parameters. The inside wall model of 7 mL vial created by GAMBIT was divided into fine grids. Then the Realizable k-epsilon Two Equation Turbulence Model was adopted and the flow field of vial by FLUENT software was simulated when air was flushing inside the wall. In that case, the optimal position, inner diameter and the corresponding minimum air velocity of needle can be acquired to meet the needs of vial washing machine applied to 7 mL vial.
The impeller, as a key component of artificial heart pumps, experiences high shear stress due to its rapid rotation, which may lead to hemolysis. To enhance the hemolytic performance of artificial heart pumps and identify the optimal combination of blade parameters, an optimization design for existing pump blades is conducted. The number of blades, outlet angle, and blade thickness were selected as design variables, with the maximum shear stress within the pump serving as the optimization objective. A back propagation (BP) neural network prediction model was established using existing simulation data, and a grey wolf optimization algorithm was employed to optimize the blade parameters. The results indicated that the optimized blade parameters consisted of 7 impeller blades, an outlet angle of 25 °, and a blade thickness of 1.2 mm; this configuration achieved a maximum shear stress value of 377 Pa—representing a reduction of 16% compared to the original model. Simulation analysis revealed that in comparison to the original model, regions with high shear stress at locations such as the outer edge, root, and base significantly decreased following optimization efforts, thus leading to marked improvements in hemolytic performance. The coupling algorithm employed in this study has significantly reduced the workload associated with modeling and simulation, while also enhancing the performance of optimization objectives. Compared to traditional optimization algorithms, it demonstrates distinct advantages, thereby providing a novel approach for investigating parameter optimization issues related to centrifugal artificial heart pumps.
In order to study the variation of complex impedance and characteristic parameters on human normal and tumor lung tissue during the extracorporeal time, we established a real part-imaginary part chart of complex impedance on lung tissue which provided the basic theory and the reference data for research on elementary medicine and clinical diagnosis of lung cancer and meanwhile provided prior information for electrical impedance tomography (EIT) research. In the experiment carried out in our laboratory, when operation was finished, we kept the lung cancer tissue and normal tissue neatly separated into the cylindrical testing cavities and kept the temperature and humidity at expected values. Then the measurements of complex impedance property are performed at frequency from 1 000 Hz to 30 MHz using 4294A impedance analyzer of Aglient Company. With time changing, the results showed that there was a significant change occurring on the complex impedance of human normal and tumor lung tissue. However, the impedance of normal lung tissue is greater than that of tumor lung tissue. We consider that this change should be related to the change in extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid and cell membrane.
This study was aimed to estimate the effect of different ProDisc-C arthroplasty designs after it was implanted to C5-C6 cervicalspine. Finite element (FE) model of intact C5-C6 segments including the vertebrae and disc was developed and validated. Ball-and-socket artificial disc prosthesis model (ProDisc-C, Synthes) was implanted into the validated FE model and the curvature of the ProDisc-C prosthesis was varied. All models were loaded with compressed force 74 N and the pure moment of 1.8 Nm along flexion-extension and bilateral bending and axial torsion separately. The results indicated that the variation in the curvature of ball and socket configuration would influence the range of motion in flexion/extension, while there were not apparently differences under other conditions of loads. The method increasing the curvature will solve the stress concentration of the polyethylene, but it will also bring adverse outcomes, such as facet joint force increasing and ligament tension increasing. Therefore, the design of artificial discs should be considered comprehensively to reserve the range of motion as well as to avoid the adverse problems, so as not to affect the long-term clinical results.
Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of the series parameters of reticulocyte in children with different types of anemia. Methods From January to August 2015, the reticulocyte parameters of 150 children with different types of anemia treated in the People’s Hospital of Dujiangyan were retrospectively analyzed. Another 150 healthy children aged 1-10 years examined in the same hospital at the same period were as the control group. Mindray BC-6900 automatic blood cell analyzer and suited reagent were used to determine the absolute value of reticulocyte (RET#), percentage of reticulocyte (RET%), immature reticulocyte ratio (IRF), low fluorescent intensity reticulocyte percentage (LFR%), moderate fluorescent intensity reticulocyte percentage (MFR%), and height fluorescent intensity reticulocyte percentage (HFR%). The data were statistically analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, RET%, RET# and IRF results in iron deficiency anemia group, hemolytic anemia group, aplastic anemia group, recent hemorrhagic anemia group, renal anemia group, leukemia and chemotherapy group had statistical difference (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, LFR%, MFR%, HFR% results in hemolytic anemia group and aplastic anemia group had statistical difference (P<0.05). LFR%, MFR% and HFR% results of other types of anemia had no statistical differences (P>0.05). Conclusion The series parameters of the reticulocyte, having an important reference value, can be used in the diagnosis of children with different types of anemia as a reference index, early diagnosis and early treatment of children with different anemia, which also can be used as a method to diagnose different types of anemia.
The gait acquisition system can be used for gait analysis. The traditional wearable gait acquisition system will lead to large errors in gait parameters due to different wearing positions of sensors. The gait acquisition system based on marker method is expensive and needs to be used by combining with the force measurement system under the guidance of rehabilitation doctors. Due to the complex operation, it is inconvenient for clinical application. In this paper, a gait signal acquisition system that combines foot pressure detection and Azure Kinect system is designed. Fifteen subjects are organized to participate in gait test, and relevant data are collected. The calculation method of gait spatiotemporal parameters and joint angle parameters is proposed, and the consistency analysis and error analysis of the gait parameters of proposed system and camera marking method are carried out. The results show that the parameters obtained by the two systems have good consistency (Pearson correlation coefficient r ≥ 0.9, P < 0.05) and have small error (root mean square error of gait parameters is less than 0.1, root mean square error of joint angle parameters is less than 6). In conclusion, the gait acquisition system and its parameter extraction method proposed in this paper can provide reliable data acquisition results as a theoretical basis for gait feature analysis in clinical medicine.
ObjectiveTo find out the diagnostic power and correlation between platelet-related parameters and inflammatory indicators in acute pancreatitis patients with different severity.MethodsA total of 88 patients with acute pancreatitis diagnosed in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2019 to August 2019 were enrolled in the retrospective study, including 58 mild acute pancreatitis patients and 30 severe acute pancreatitis patients. The patients’ platelet-related parameters and inflammatory indicators were collected. The platelet parameters and inflammatory indicators in different severity acute pancreatitis groups were compared and the diagnostic power and correlation were analyzed.ResultsThe platelet count and plateletcrit of the severe group were lower than those of the mild group, the difference was statistically significant (Z=–5.502, –3.673; P<0.001). The immature platelet fraction, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume and platelet-large cell ratio levels of the severe group were higher than those of the mild group (Z=–4.217, –2.998, –3.754, –3.816; P<0.05). Platelet-related parameters platelet count, immature platelet fraction, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, platelet-large cell ratio, plateletcrit and inflammatory indicators procalcitonin, interleukin-6 showed good diagnostic power with areas under under receiver operating characteristic curves greater than 0.75 in differentiating the severity of acute pancreatitis. Correlation analysis showed that immature platelet fraction was positively correlated with procalcitonin and interleukin-6 levels in patients with acute pancreatitis (rs=0.457, 0.385; P<0.05).ConclusionsImmature platelet fraction is correlated with the severity of acute pancreatitis, and positively correlated with the levels of inflammatory indicators procalcitonin and interleukin-6.