【Abstract】Objective To study the liver injury and effects of aescin on liver in rats with acute pancreatitis. Methods The rats were divided into 3 groups (control group, AP group and aescin group). The serum alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), hepatic cellular energy charge (EC) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were detected. The pathologic changes in pancreas and liver were also observed. Results The serum levels of ALT and LDH in aescin group were significantly lower than those of the AP group. The EC and ATP levels were significantly higher in aescin group than that of the AP group. Conclusion Introvenous injection of aescin can alleviate the liver injury in rats with acute pancreatitis.
Objective To investigate the relationship between gene expression of endothelin-3 (ET-3） and inflammation of acute pancreatitis （AP） in rats. Methods Fifty-four rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: sham operation group, AP group, arterial injection group and vein injection group. AP was induced by reverse intra-bile duct infusion 4.5% sodium taurocholate, treated with low dose dopamine 〔5 μg/（kg·min）〕 by injecting arterial or tail vein. Rats were sacrificed at 1， 6 and 24 h after the induction of AP. The mRNA expression of ET-3 was evaluated by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and pathological changes was observed in rats. Results Expression of ET-3 mRNA could be detected from 1 up to 24 h after the induction of pancreatitis. Expression of ET-3 mRNA of sham operation group was decreased significantly compared with other three groups. Expression of ET-3 mRNA showed a significant decrease by arterial injection dopamine than that by tail vein (P＜0.05， P＜0.01). The pathologic score in AP group was the highest, vein injection group was the next one, and score in sham operation group was the lowest. Conclusion There are significant relationship between inflammation of AP and expression of ET-3 mRNA. Dopamine administration by arterial injection is more effective than that by tail vein injection.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the role of interleukin-10（IL-10） and interleukin-18 （IL-18） in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury in experimental severe acute pancreatitis.Methods Forty-eight SD rats were divided into control group and SAP group by the random data table. The model of experimental severe acute pancreatitis was established by injection of 3.5% sodium taurocholate into the bili-pancreatic duct. Lung wet weight index, ascities and level of serum amylase, IL-10 and IL-18 were quantitatively measured in different time. Intrapulmonary expressions of IL-10 mRNA and IL-18 mRNA were detected by semiquantitative RTPCR. The histopathology of pancreas and lung were observed under the light microscope.Results Lung wet weight index, ascities, level of serum amylase, IL-10 and IL-18, intrapulmonary expressions of IL-10 mRNA and IL-18 mRNA were significantly increased in SAP group (P＜0.01). The level of serum IL-18 and intrapulmonary expression of IL-18mRNA are positively correlated with lung wet weight index （r=0.68,P＜0.01; r=0.72,P＜0.01） and lung injury score （r=0.74,P＜0.01; r=0.79,P＜0.01) respectively, whereas the level of serum IL-10 and intrapulmonary expression of IL-10 mRNA are negatively correlated with lung wet weight index（r=-0.62,P＜0.01; r=-0.69,P＜0.01） and lung injury score（r=-0.66,P＜0.01; r=-0.60,P＜0.01）. Conclusion IL-18 may play a key role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury in experimental severe acute pancreatitis, and IL-10 exerts the protection role in this process.
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6(IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) in pancreatitis and its systemic complications. Thirty six patients with acute pancreatitis were studied, 12 with mild disease, and 24 severe disease, of whom 9 developed systemic complications. TNF, IL-6, CRP in these patients with pancreatitis was assessed during the first, 4th, 8th days of admission. The serum concentration of TNF, IL-6, CRP were significantly increased, and significantly higher in complicated group than in mild group and severe group. These findings suggest that proinflammatory cytokines play a central role in the pathophysiology of the disease, the host systemic response to pancreatic inflammation and the level of the response did relate to the development of organ dysfunction.
In order to choose the appropriate antibiotics for treating secondary pancreatic infection, permeability of antibiotics to pancreatic tissue was investigated on experimental dogs with acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis. The concentrations of 8 different antibiotics were determined in the blood and the pancreatic tissue using highperformance liquid chromatography. Pancreatic tissue permeability of Cefotaxime, Ofloxacin, Amikacin, Piperacllin, Cefoperazone, Ampicillin, Metronidazole and Ciprofloxacin was 12%, 19%, 20%, 46%, 55%, 63%, 71% and 132% respectively. The study shows that this eight antibiotics have different permeability to the pancreatic tissue. Such observations support the existence of a bloodpancreas barrier, which acts to restrict the permeation of antibiotics into the pancreas. The results suggest that antibiotics with high permeability rate be used to treat the patient with secondary pancreatic infection.
To observe the changes of intestinal bacteriology in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). Dog ANP model was induced by injection of sodium taurocholate with trypin into the pancreatic duct. All dogs were sacrificed on the seventh postoperative day, mucosal and luminal microflora of intestine were analyzed quantitatively. The blood and organs were collected for culture. The results showed that population levels of E.coli in the intestinal mucosa and the content in cecum of the ANP dogs showed much higher level than those of the controls (Ｐ＜0.01 or Ｐ＜0.05), while bifidobacterium and lactobacillus were decreased significantly (Ｐ＜0.01), resulting in reversal of bifidobacterium/E.coli ratio. Blood levels of endotoxin were 1-2 times higher in ANP group as compare with the controls. The positive rate of blood and organs were 100% in ANP dogs. E.coli were the major bacteria cultured. The results indicated that microecological disturbance could take place after the onset of ANP, which may take an important role on pancreatic infection complicating ANP.
Objective To investigate the MRI features of the autoimmune pancreatitis （AlP）. Methods MRI data of 8 patients with AIP were retrospectively analyzed. Results MRI showed that diffuse swelling of the pancreas in 8 cases. T1WI signal intensity homogeneous or inhomogeneous decreased， and T2WI signals intensity homogeneous or inhomogeneous increased. In arterial phase the enhancement of the lesion was not obviously，in portal venous phase there was gradual increase of enhancement. There was coated sample annular enhancement around pancreas， and the degree of enhancement was slightly lower than the pancreatic parenchyma. Pancreatic duct was irregular narrow. Conclusion AIP is a special kind of chronic pancreatitis，MRI features of AIP are helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of AIP．
Eighty two cases of acute gallstone pancreatitis on early operation are reported and the significance of the clinical picture and pathology are analysed. The data showed that gallstone was found in 85.5%, among the cases of them mulliple gallstone was 71.1%, dilated cystic duct was 26.4%, common bile duct stone 36.8%, distal bile ductal stricture was found in 9.3%, and anomalous conjunction of biliary and pancreatic duct was 20.1%. Sixteen cases with serious pancreatitis were determined on operation, but death rate was 3.7% only. The authors claim that early operation may be of value in patients of acute gallstone pancreatitis with or without jaundice espesially in bile duct obstruction.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury on apoptosis of pancreatic cells in rats with acute pancreatitis(AP). MethodsFifty-four SD rats were randomized into 3 groups: pancreatitis group (n=24), I/R-injury group (n=24) and control group (n=6). The animal model of AP was induced by retrograde injection of 3% sodium taurocholate into biliopancreatic duct in rats. Pancreatic I/R was caused by blocking the inferior splenic artery and removing the clamp after AP induction. At 1 h, 3 h, 6 h and 12 h, groups of rats were sacrificed. A terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotion nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to detect pancreatic apoptosis, and histological changes of the pancreas were observed. ResultsPancreatic hemorrhage, necrosis were respectively observed in the pancreatitis rats at 6 h and the I/R-injury rats at 1 h. Histological changes of the pancreatitis rats at 1 h and 3 h were only congestion and edema. Apoptoic acinar cells increased after AP induction, the peak respectively appeared at 6 h in the pancreatitis rats and at 3 h in the I/R-injury rats. Compared with the pancreatitis rats, apoptosis index (AI) of the I/Rinjury rats was significantly higher at 1 h and 3 h (P＜0.01, P＜0.05, respectively), but lower at 6 h and 12 h (P＜0.05, P＜0.01, respectively). ConclusionI/R injury can induce conversion of edematous pancreatitis to hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis and apoptosis of acinar cells. Apoptosis may be a beneficial response to pancreatic injury in AP.
Objective To study the effects of endothelin (ET) on acute pancreatitis in rats. Methods The acute edematous pancreatitis (AEP) and hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis (AHNP) model of rats were induced by cerulein and dextran-110 and endothelin-1 was administered on AEP rats via intravenous injection. Serum amylase, plasma ET and 6-Keto-PGF1α, pancreas hostologic observation were determined. Results The serum concentration of amylase increased markedly in AHNP rats, and there was a significant difference between AHNP and AEP (Ｐ＜0.01). A dose of extrinsic ET-1 may induce the conversion of AEP to AHNP in rats. The degree of pancreatic damage correlates positively with the level of the plasma ET. Conclusion Endothelin might take part in the development of acute pancreatitis, and play a key role in the conversion of AEP to AHNP.