Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of acute lung injury in rats induced by intra-peritoneally injection of perforative peritonitis ascitic fluids（PPAF） and the role of L-arginine （L-Arg） in acute lung injury in this model. Methods Perforative peritonitis （PP） models were established in 60 rats and PPAF were collected. Forty-eight rats were randomly divided equally into NS group，PPAF group, and L-Arg group. Rats were randomly subjected to death at 7 h and 12 h. Peripheral blood WBC were counted，levels of NO and malondialdehyde （MDA） in serum were examined. Lung injury score and wet/dry ratio were evaluated， and level of myeloperoxidase （MPO） in lung tissues and lung cell apoptosis were tested. Results WBC count of peripheral blood, levels of NO and MDA in serum， level of MPO in lung tissue, lung injury score， wet/dry ratio， and lung cell apoptosis rate in PPAF group were significantly higher than that in NS group at each time point（P＜0.01）. Level of NO in serum in L-Arg group was higher than that in PPAF group （P＜0.01）， but lower level of MDA in serum， lower level of MPO in lung tissue and lung injury score，lower wet/dry ratio， and lung cell apoptosis rate were observed in L-Arg group（P＜0.05）. In PPAF group and L-Arg group， level of NO in serum， wet/dry ratio, and lung cell apoptosis rate were higher at 12 h than that at 7 h（P=0.000）. Serum NO level was in negative correlation with serum MDA level （r=-0.257，P=0.021）， MPO level in lung tissue（r=-0.444， P=0.011），and lung cell apoptosis（r=-0.351， P =0.010） in PPAF group and L-Arg group， but serum MDA level was in positive correlation with cell apoptosis（r=0.969， P＜0.001） in each group. Conclusions Acute lung injury rats model can be established by intra-peritoneally injection of PPAF. Enhanced oxidizing reaction and cell apoptosis take part in the occurrence of acute lung injury. L-Arg plays a protective role in acute lung injury.
Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of abdominal indwelling catheterization for the patients with large-volume ascites. Methods A total of 84 patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with large-volume ascites admitted in the first affiliated hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from January 2015 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups, one was the puncture group and another was the catheterization group. The efficacy and safety were evaluated. Results Forty-four patients were enrolled in catheterization group, whereas forty patients were enrolled in puncture group. Symptoms associated with ascites had been eased and patients’ qualities of life had been improved in 2 weeks in each group. The tube fell out rate was 27.3% for patients in catheterization group. There was no operation related complications such as death, bleeding and intestinal perforation occurred. Either Child B stage or Child C stage, the dynamic changes of liver function and renal function in catheterization group were comparable to those in puncture group. No adverse event such as catheterization-related or puncture-related infection was observed. Conclusion Abdominal catheterization is effective and safe in management of large amount of ascites complicated with cirrhosis, however, the high rate of tube-fell-out should be paid more attention.
ObjectiveTo understand the application progress of interventional therapy for chylous ascites (CA). MethodsThe domestic and foreign literature related to the diagnosis, imaging examination methods, and interventional treatment of CA in recent years were retrieved and summarized. ResultsThe sources of CA are diverse, the aetiology is different, and the treatment modalities will vary greatly, with the diagnosis of the source of lymphatic leakage being the basis for the effectiveness of interventional therapy. Through interventional treatment, such as intranodal lymphography, hepatic lymphogram, balloon occlusion retrograde abdominal lymphangiography, lymphatic leakage that is difficult to identify in traditional imaging examinations (CT, MRI, etc.) can be located and embolised to improve the diagnosis and treatment of CA. As an emerging means for the treatment of CA, interventional therapy has the advantages of less trauma, quick effect, and fewer complications. ConclusionsWith the continuous improvement of the interventional treatment approach, angiography, embolization materials, and the continuous accumulation of clinical experience, the interventional of CA will have more significant therapeutic effects and a broader application prospect.
目的:觀察持續腹腔引流治療頑固性腹水的療效。方法:將頑固性腹水患者74例分為兩組,治療組38例,采用腹腔置管,持續腹腔引流腹水,3000mL/天;對照組36例,以常規補充白蛋白、限鈉、限水、利尿治療為主,比較兩組的療效。觀察治療組治療前后患者尿量、腹圍和體重變化,并比較治療組與對照組在肝、腎功能及電解質的變化及總體療效。結果:治療組療效優于對照組(Plt;0.05),與治療前比較,治療組治療后尿量、腹圍、體重有明顯改變(Plt;0.01), 肝、腎功能及電解質與對照組比較無明顯變化(Pgt;0.05)。結論:持續腹腔引流治療頑固性腹水經濟適用,不良反應少,患者依從性好。
目的 探討肝硬化腹水患者不同血清鈉水平與病情嚴重程度的關系。 方法 回顧分析2008年7月－2010年6月收治47例肝硬化腹水并發低鈉血癥患者，根據其入院時血清鈉水平分為低鈉血癥輕（A組）、中（B組）、重（C組）3組。比較肝硬化腹水患者不同血鈉水平的腹水程度及療效的關系、以及低鈉程度與肝性腦病、肝腎綜合征和死亡發生率的關系。 結果 與A組比較，B、C兩組腹水量、肝性腦病、肝腎綜合征及病死率明顯增高，差異有統計學意義（P＜0.05）；對治療的效果明顯降低（P＜0.05）。 結論 肝硬化腹水患者的血清鈉水平與其病情程度具有緊密相關性，監測血清鈉的水平可作為判斷病情嚴重程度的重要指標之一，提示在臨床上需重視預防、及時發現并治療低鈉血癥。
Objective To explore the role and intrinsic mechanism of the injury of intestines induceded by pancreatitis associated ascitic fluid (PAAF) and acute suppurative peritonitis associated ascitic fluid (ASPAAF) in rats. Methods Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, male or female, were randomly divided into three groups averagely. The control group: 8 ml of normal saline (NS) was injected into the peritoneal cavity; the PAAF group: 8 ml of PAAF was injected into the peritoneal cavity; and the ASPAAF group: 8 ml of ASPAAF was injected into the peritoneal cavity. After peritoneal cavity injection, the rats were put to death in batches at 6 h and 12 h, eight rats per-batch. Levels of TNF-α and endotoxin in serum were measured. The activity of ATP enzyme and level of TNF-α in the intestinal tissues were measured. The pathological changes of intestines were observed by microscope.Results The levels of TNF-α, endotoxin and the degree of injury of the intestines were markedly elevated and the activity of ATP enzyme of the intestinal tissues was decreased in the PAAF group and ASPAAF group compared with those in the control group (P＜0.05). The levels of TNF-α, endotoxin and the degree of injury of the intestines were markedly elevated and the activity of ATP enzyme of the intestinal tissues was decreased in the ASPAAF group compared with those in the PAAF group (P＜0.05). Conclusion PAAF and ASPAAF can induce the injury of intestines, but the injury of intestines induced by ASPAAF is more serious.
Objective To explore the methods and effect of venous retransfusion of ascites on the treatment of the complicated patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome.Methods Eighteen complicated and (or) recrudescent patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome were treated by venous retransfusion of ascites between March 2006 and July 2009. The changes in abdominal girth, body weight, the urine volume of 24 h, liver function, renal function, and serum electrolyte measurements before and after treatment were compared. Results After retransfusion of 5 000 ml to 7 800 ml (mean 6 940 ml) ascites, the abdominal girth of patients decreased (Plt;0.05), the urine volume of 24 h tended to normal and during which no serious side-effect happened. The levels of serum BUN, CREA, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) decreased significantly (Plt;0.05), furthermore the levels of total albumen and albumin increased significantly (Plt;0.05). The changes of serum electrolyte measurements were not significant (Pgt;0.05). The follow-up period for all the patients was in the range of 4 to 37 months (mean 19 months). Then 12 patients were treated by the second operation at 3-6 months after discharge. Conclusions The ascites retransfusion provides a safe and effective treatment option for patients with refractory ascites, and yields a higher likelihood of discharge compared with conventional paracentesis. It is useful in improving quality of life and winning the operational chance for such as patients with complicated Budd-Chiari syndrome.
Objective To investigate predictive value of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with liver cirrhosis ascites. Methods The clinical data of 140 patients with liver cirrhosis ascites treated in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the presence of SBP, these patients were divided into SBP group and non-SBP group. The clinical data were compared between these two groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to assess their sensitivities and specificities of PCT and CRP for diagnosis of SBP. Results The PCT and CRP levels of the SBP group were significantly higher than those of the non-SBP group (P<0.05). The differences of serum ALT, AST and white cell count between the SBP group and the non-SBP were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve of PCT and CRP were 0.895 and 0.926, their corresponding cut-off value 2.1 μg/L and 24.8 mg/L, the sensitivities were 86.9% and 89.5%, the specificities were 85.1% and 83.5%, respectively. Conclusion Abnormally elevated PCT and CRP levels might have an important detective value for SBP in patients with liver cirrhosis ascites.