摘要:目的:探討肝素在預防過敏性紫癜性腎炎中的療效及安全性。方法:采用隨機對照的方法,將98例過敏性紫癜患兒分為肝素治療組(49例)和對照組(49例),肝素組給予肝素鈉100～150 Ｕ加入5%葡萄糖100～200 mL中靜脈點滴,每日1次,連用5～7天,以后每兩周查尿常規1次,至少觀察3個月或以上。結果:肝素治療組發生腎炎3例(6.1%),對照組發生腎炎11例(22.4%),肝素治療組腎炎發生率低于對照組(0.01lt;P≤0.05)。結論:肝素對預防紫癜性腎炎的發生有效,且不良反應少。Abstract: Objective: To investigate the heparin in the prevention of allergic purpura nephritis in the efficacy and safety. Methods:A randomizedcontrolled method, 98 cases of allergic purpura patients were divided into heparin in the treatment group (49 cases) and control group (49 cases), heparin group received heparin, 100150 u in 5% glucose 100 ~ 200 mL in the intravenous drip, day 1, used in conjunction 57 days, after a routine urine check every two weeks times, at least for 3 months or more.Results: The results of heparin treatment group occurred nephritis in 3 cases (6.1%), glomerulonephritis in 11 cases in control group (22.4%), glomerulonephritis incidence of heparin in the treatment group than the control group (0.01lt;P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: heparin in preventing the occurrence of HenochSchonlein purpura nephritis and effective, and less adverse reactions.
Purpose:To determine the efficacy of a low-molecular-weight heparin (fraxipparine) administered in the infusion fluid to prevent postoperative fibrin formation in a rabbit lensectomy and vitrectomy model. Methods:Fourteen adult pigmented rabbits were randomly as signed into two groups.Standard fragmatome lensectomies and core vitrectomies were performed prospectively in a masked fashion on control eyes with balanced salt infusion and on experimental eyes treated with fraxiparine/ml 6U in the infusate.Intraoperative bleeding was graded in a masked fashion by the surgeon. The amounts of firbrin and hemorrhage were graded in a masked fashion on postoperative days 1 through 7. Results:The mean grde of fibrin in the eyes treated with fraxiparine was lower than that in the control eyes (Plt;0.01) on postoperative days 1 through 3 respectively.Also,the average days to clear the fibrin in the eyes treated with fraxiparine was shorter than that in the control eyes (P＝0.001).No statistically significant differences in the degree of intraoperative or postoperative hemorrhage were noted between the two groups. Conclusion:Low-molecular weight heparin(fraxiparine) is an effetive inhibit or of postoperative fibrin formation in a rabbit model and is not associated with is not associated with an increased risk of intraoperative or postopertive bleeding at the tested dose. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1998,14:35-37)
Objective Heparanase can specifically cleave carbohydrate chains of heparan sulphate proteoglycans, which is an important component of the extracellular matrix. This study was designed to investigate the expression of heparanase in patients with colorectal cancer, and to analyze its relationships with progression of the cancer and clinical prognosis. Methods Samples were collected from 36 patients with colorectal cancers from 2003 to 2004 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, and were embeded by Paraffin and fresh-frozened. The expression of heparanase mRNA and its protein were measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The relationships between these expressions and the clinicopathologic information (tumor invasion, tumor differentiation, lymph node involvement, accompanying with colorectal adenoma and 2-year survival) were also evaluated. Results The expressions of heparanase mRNA in colorectal cancer (19/31， 61.3%) were significantly higher than those in normal colorectal tissues (6.5%). The overexpressions in normal tissues were positively correlated to the incidence of adenoma in patients with colorectal cancer （r=0.352， P=0.024）. The result of immunohistochemistry also showed that heparanase mainly expressed in the vascular endothelium within cancer tissues and the peripheral invased region outside cancer tissues. The 2-year disease-free-survival in patients with negative heparanase expression (88.9%) was higher than that with positive heparanase expression (50.0%), but there was no significant difference （P=0.078）. Conclusion Heparanase overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissues, and thus it may take a role as an indicator for the formation and prognosis of colorectal cancer.
Objective To discuss the role of heparan sulfate (HS) in bone formation and bone remodeling and summarize the research progress in the osteogenic mechanism of HS. Methods The domestic and abroad related literature about HS acting on osteoblast cell line in vitro, HS and HS composite scaffold materials acting on the ani-mal bone defect models, and the effect of HS proteoglycans on bone development were summarized and analyzed. Results Many growth factors involved in fracture healing especially heparin-binding growth factors, such as fibroblast growth factors, bone morphogenetic protein, and transforming growth factor β, are connected noncovalently with long HS chains. HS proteoglycans protect these proteins from protease degradation and are directly involved in the regulation of growth factors signaling and bone cell function. HS can promote the differentiation of stem cells into osteoblasts and enhance the differentiation of osteoblasts. In bone matrix, HS plays a significant role in promoting the formation, maintaining the stability, and accelerating the mineralization. Conclusion The osteogenesis of HS is pronounced. HS is likely to become the clinical treatment measures of fracture nonunion or delayed union, and is expected to provide more choices for bone tissue engineering with identification of its long-term safety.
目的：評價低分子肝素(Low molecular weight heparins，LMWH)皮下注射持續時間對注射后皮下出血和疼痛的影響。方法：納入2003年～2004年3月于我院行LMWH皮下注射的住院患者52例，以肚臍兩側作為注射點，任選一側行首次注射，12 h后于另一側以相同劑量注射。臍右注射持續10秒(對照組)，臍左持續30秒(實驗組)。于注射后48 h、72 h觀察注射點有無皮下出血，并用透明紙質毫米尺測量出血面積，用視覺類比量表(Visual analog scale，VAS)測量疼痛強度，記錄疼痛持續時間。采用卡方檢驗及配對t檢驗對兩組皮下出血發生率及面積、疼痛強度及持續時間等指標進行對比分析。結果：實驗組和對照組皮下出血的發生率分別為38.5%(n=20)和61.5%(n=32)(P=0.035)。注射后48h、72h，實驗組的出血面積均顯著低于對照組(48h：17.5±7.3 mm2 VS 101.2±15.0 mm2，P=0.008；72h：20.7±8.0 mm2 VS 110.4±13.5 mm2，P=0.016)。實驗組的注射后疼痛積分為13.0±6.4 mm，對照組為21.5±7.0 mm(P=0.021)。實驗組疼痛持續時間顯著低于對照組(42.5±14.2 s比73.2±20.0 s，P=0.030)。結論：肝素皮下注射持續時間能顯著影響注射后皮下出血和疼痛形成，注射時間持續至30秒能有效降低皮下出血發生率及面積，并顯著減輕疼痛強度、縮短疼痛時間。
Objectives To explore the characteristics of thrombosis in critically ill patients with Omicron infection and the therapeutic value of prophylactic low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) treatment. MethodsA single center, retrospective cohort study included critically ill adult patients with Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 admitted to Peking University Third Hospital from December 7, 2022, to February 8, 2023. The patients were categorized into two groups based prophylactic LMWH. Propensity score (PS) matching was used to match patients (1: 1 ratio) based on the predefined criteria. General clinical information and laboratory parameters were compared. This study was retrospectively registered at Chinese Clinical Trail Registry (ChiCTR2300067434). ResultsFour hundred and fifty-two patients and 360 patients were included before and after PS matching. There were no statistical differences in mortality, the incidence of pulmonary embolism, arterial thrombosis or bleeding between the anticoagulation group and non-coagulation group before and after PS matching. There were 91 thrombotic events in 82 patients (18.14%), of which 54 cases (59.34%) were lower limb intermuscular vein thrombosis, 3 cases (3.30%) were pulmonary embolism, 14 cases (15.38%) were acute myocardial infarction and 3 cases (3.30%) were acute cerebral infarction. The thrombotic event resulted in the death of 5 patients. D-dimer increased in 385 cases (85.56%). On the 1st, 3rd, 6th and 9th day, the concentration of D-dimer in the anticoagulant group was higher than that in the non-anticoagulant group (P=0.006, 0.001, 0.024 and 0.006, respectively). ConclusionsAlthough thrombosis and coagulation disorders are still common complications of COVID-19, it is not the direct cause of most death in COVID-19 patients caused by Omicron. The role of prophylactic anticoagulation treatment for Omicron-infected patients needs further study.
We cultured retinal g[ial cells(RGC)from immature rats and observed the migratory responses to fetal bovine serum(FBS).We found thai FItS stimulats the migration of RGC in a dose response manner. We also observed the inhibition of heparin on RGC cben,otaxis,and found that heparin(10U/ml)decreased significantly the RGC migration stimulated by serum(0%to 10%)(all Plt;0.0001).but 1U/ml of heparin bad no effect on RGC chemotaxis(P=0.5118).These results showed that FBS contains chemoattractants for RGC,and heparin can inhibit RGC chemotaxis stimulated by serum. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1994,10:170-173）