自1985年第一例腹腔鏡膽囊切除術成功，腹腔鏡逐漸成為治療結石性膽囊疾病的金標準。近10年來其應用范圍迅速擴展，并被廣大普外科醫生接受和認可，開創了醫學領域高速發展的歷史新紀元。急腹癥是指能夠引起急腹痛的腹腔內急性病變，要求外科醫生做出快速、準確判斷，而不允許花費更多的時間做全面的輔助檢查。要想做出快速診斷又不耽誤病情，近年來微創外科同行認識到腹腔鏡兼有診斷和治療的特點，在外科急腹癥中發揮了重要的作用，現分述之。
ObjectiveThis review aimed to summarize the current epidemiological status and risk factors of pancreatic cancer at home and abroad.MethodThe literatures on epidemiology and risk factors of pancreatic cancer in recent years were collected and summarized.ResultsCurrently the overall incidence of pancreatic cancer was lower in all malignant tumors, but the mortality rate was the opposite. Incidence varies from region to region, the incidence rate in economically developed areas was higher than that of underdeveloped areas. Although the disease had made some progress in the fields of surgery, chemotherapy, an so on, the long-term survival of patients with pancreatic cancer was still not ideal. The onset of pancreatic cancer was associated with smoking, alcohol, obesity, dietary imbalance, age, gender, blood type, ethnicity, family history and genetic history, chronic pancreatitis, infection, and intestinal flora imbalance.ConclusionsPancreatic cancer is a high malignancy with a poor prognosis. It is influenced by a variety of risk factors. Therefore, it is especially necessary to pay attention to the primary prevention of pancreatic cancer and screen high-risk individuals regularly, to diagnose pancreatic cancer at an early stage.
Radical surgical resection is still the only potentially curative treatment for pancreatic cancer. With the update of minimally invasive concepts, the laparoscopic and robotic platform has been introduced to pancreatic surgery practice. The recent studies have demonstrated that minimally invasive procedure achieved similar or improved perioperative outcomes compared to the standard open approach. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is increasingly being applied in pancreatic surgery, making surgical resection more challenging. Numbers of patients undergoing minimally invasive resection following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy remain low. The author consulted the latest literatures at home and abroad and described the current situation of minimally invasive treatment of pancreatic cancer after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.