ObjectiveTo summarize the diagnosis and treatment process of a patient who underwent laparoscopic local excision of duodenal papillary tumor, and to explore the safety and feasibility of this surgery. MethodThe clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical procedure of the patient with duodenal papillary neuroendocrine tumor admitted to the West China Hospital of Sichuan University in June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsThe patient underwent the laparoscopic local excision of duodenal papillary tumor + in situ cholangiojejunostomy and pancreaticojejunostomy. The operation lasted about 3 hours, the blood loss was about 20 mL, and the patient exhausted on the 3rd day after the operation. On the 7th postoperative day, the gastric tube was pulled out and oral feeding was started. On the 8th day, the plasma drainage tube was pulled out and the patient was discharged smoothly. There was no duodenal fistula, bleeding, wound infection, and other complications. After 6 months of follow-up, the general condition of this patient was good, and no tumor recurrence or metastasis was found. ConclusionLaparoscopic local excision is an appropriate option for benign or low-grade malignancies involving the duodenal papillary tumor.
目的 探討老年低位直腸癌經肛門局部切除后加放、化療的臨床意義。方法 對18例年齡≥65歲，腫瘤距肛緣≤6 cm且經病理證實但拒絕Miles術的直腸癌患者行經肛門局部切除； 于術后1個月給予放療（總劑量50 Gy）； 化療： 亞葉酸鈣200 mg、5-FU 400 mg/m2，第1次于術后第1~5 d，每3~4周重復1次，共3~6次。結果 全部病例無手術死亡，術后均有良好的肛門功能。16例獲隨訪，隨訪5年，其中3例局部復發，拒絕再次手術，給予放、化療。死亡12例，其中2例死于遠處轉移，10例死于其他因素。本組患者1年生存率為77.8%（14/18），5年生存率為38.9%（7/18）。結論 對老年低位直腸癌拒絕Miles術的患者行經肛門局部切除加放、化療，療效確切，可提高患者生活質量，延長生存期。
ObjectiveTo investigate the role of local pancreatectomy for benign and low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors.MethodThe clinical data of 45 patients with benign and low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors who underwent local pancreatectomy from January 2014 to June 2019 in Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology were analyzed.ResultsForty-five patients underwent the local enucleation or resection with negative margin. The pathological results showed that there were 17 cases of solid pseudopapilloma, 5 cases of mucinous cystadenoma, 4 cases of serous cystadenoma, 10 cases of islet cell tumor, 5 cases of nonfunctional neuroendocrine tumor, 4 cases of congenital cyst. There were 6 cases of head of pancreas, 26 cases of body of pancreas, 8 cases of tail of pancreas, 5 cases of uncinate process. The tumor was 1.2 to 9.0 cm in diameter with an average of 3.2 cm. Among them, the diameter was more than 5.0 cm in 9 cases. The incidence of pancreatic fistula after operation was 57.8%, 65.4% was grade A fistula, 34.6% was grade B fistula, and no grade C fistula occurred. The incidence of abdominal infection was 13.3%, incidence of abdominal hemorrhage was 6.7%. There was no secondary diabetes mellitus and pancreatic endo- and exocrine dysfunction, and no death case.ConclusionsPancreatic enucleation for benign and low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors after strict preoperative evaluation can effectively preserve the pancreatic endocrine function of patients. Although the incidence of pancreatic fistula is high, it is mostly biochemical fistula, and the incidence of serious complications is low.
目的 探討十二指腸良性腫瘤的手術治療方式及術后早期營養管理的效果。方法 回顧性分析2009年1月至2011年12月期間我科收治的15例十二指腸良性腫瘤患者的臨床資料，根據腫瘤的生長部位及腫瘤大小實施不同的手術方式，術后早期給予腸內營養治療及消化液回輸，觀察術后患者并發癥發生率及術后2個月內的返院情況。結果 15例患者中2例患者腫瘤位于十二指腸乳頭下、直徑2.5cm和2.0cm，2例位于降部與水平部交界處、直徑2.3cm和2.5cm，1例位于十二指腸升部、直徑3.5cm，該5例患者行十二指腸節段切除并空腸吻合術。4例患者腫瘤位于十二指腸乳頭、直徑1.0～2.0cm，3例位于乳頭上緣、直徑1.5～1.8cm，2例位于球部與降部交界處、直徑2.0cm和1.8cm，1例位于十二指腸乳頭下、直徑1.2cm，該10例患者均行腫瘤局部切除術（位于乳頭部的腫瘤同時行乳頭成形術）。圍手術期無死亡病例。1例（1/15）發生胃排空障礙，經禁食、減壓及營養支持治愈出院。術后住院時間為7～10d，平均8d。術后2個月患者均接受隨訪，恢復良好，無返院患者。結論 手術切除是十二指腸良性腫瘤的首選治療手段，手術方式取決于腫瘤的生長部位和大小，術后早期營養管理安全、有效。
Objective To explore risk factors of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in T1 rectal cancer. Methods The retrospective case-control study was conducted. The clinicopathologic data of 247 patients with T1 rectal cancer underwent radical resection were analyzed in the pathological database of the West China Hospital from January 2000 to December 2016, including the tumor size (maximum diameter), gross type, differentiation degree, histological type, lymph vascular infiltration, perineural infiltration, and carcinoma nodule. The univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were done using the Chi-square test and logistic regression model, respectively. Results The rate of LNM in the patients with T1 rectal cancer was 8.50% (21/247). No lymph metastasis was found in the well differentiated T1 rectal cancer. The results of the univariate analysis showed that the differentiation degree, histological type, and carcinoma nodule were related to the LNM in the T1 rectal cancer (P<0.050). The results of the multivariate analysis revealed that the poor differentiation, mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, and carcinoma nodule were the independent risk factors of the LNM in the T1 rectal cancer (OR=9.75, P=0.006; OR=5.98, P=0.042; OR=8.33, P=0.017; OR=10.87, P=0.026). Conclusion In this large population dataset, poor differentiation, mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, and carcinoma nodule are risk factors of LNM in T1 rectal cancer.
Toexploretheinfluenceoflocalmassiveexcisionbeforeradicalsurgeryonprognosisofpatientswithbreastcancer,wecomparedtheprognosisbetweenthegroupunderwentlocalresectionpriortoradicalsurgery(106cases)andthegorupwithdirectradicalresection(143cases).Theresultsshowedthatthelocalrecurrencerate,distancemetastasisrateandthesurvivalrateat3,5yearsofthegroupunderwentlocalexcisionpriortoradicalsurgerywere16.0%,26.4%,79.2%,71.7%respectivelyandofthegroupunderwentdirectradicalresectionwere4.9%,16.1%,89.5%,82.5%respectively,thedeferencewassignificant(Plt;0.01,0.05,0.05,0.05respectively).Theresultsindicatethatthelocalexcisionbeforeradicalsurgerycanaffecttheprognosisofpatientswithbreastcancer.