Objective To explore the change of serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP-7) in the early stage of multiple trauma, and their predictive efficacy for acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods The multiple trauma patients admitted between February 2020 and July 2021 were prospectively selected, and they were divided into AKI group and non-AKI group according to whether they developed AKI within 72 h after injury. The serum levels of NGAL, TIMP-2, and IGFBP-7 measured at admission and 12, 24, and 48 h after injury, the Acute Pathophysiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ) score, intensive care unit duration, rate of renal replacement therapy, and 28-day mortality rate were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 51 patients were included, including 20 in the AKI group and 31 in the non-AKI group. The APACHE Ⅱ at admission (20.60±3.57 vs. 11.61±3.44), intensive care unit duration [(16.75±2.71) vs. (11.13±3.41) d], rate of renal replacement therapy (35.0% vs. 0.0%), and 28-day mortality rate (25.0% vs. 3.2%) in the AKI group were higher than those in the non-AKI group (P<0.05). The serum levels of NGAL and IGFBP-7 at admission and 12, 24, and 48 h after injury in the AKI group were all higher than those in the non-AKI group (P<0.05). For the prediction of AKI, the areas under receiver operating characteristic curves and 95% confidence intervals of serum NGAL, TIMP-2 and IGFBP-7 12 h after injury were 0.98 (0.96, 1.00), 0.92 (0.83, 1.00), and 0.87 (0.78, 0.97), respectively. Conclusion Serum NGAL, TIMP-2, and IGFBP-7 have high predictive efficacy for AKI secondary to multiple trauma, and continuous monitoring of serum NGAL can be used for early prediction of AKI secondary to multiple trauma.
ObjectiveTo explore the relationship of platelet-activating factors and vascular endothelial activity markers to lacunar infarction (LI).MethodsA total of 100 inpatients diagnosed with LI in Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital between March 2018 and February 2019 were included, and 100 matched healthy controls were collected. Basic information, clinical baseline data, laboratory examinations, cerebral MRI and treatment data were collected after admission. The platelet-activating factors (platelet membrane glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa receptor and P-selectin) and vascular endothelial activity markers [von Willebrand factor (vWF), homocysteine (HCY), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)] levels of patients with LI were detected one month and three months after onset, and those of the control group were decteted when they were selected. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis.ResultsAt one month after onset, there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of platelet activating factors between the LI group and the control group [platelet membrane glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa receptor: (2.84±1.00)% vs. (2.59±0.96)%, P=0.065; P-selectin: (3.05±0.63)% vs. (2.98±0.59)%, P=0.419], while the differences in the levels of vascular endothelial activity markers between the two groups were statistically significant [vWF: (141.80±17.60) vs. (124.63±10.65) ng/mL, P<0.001; hsCRP: (5.53±1.37) vs. (2.17±0.55) mg/L, P<0.001; HCY: (18.76±4.07) vs. (15.81±2.63) mmol/L, P<0.001]. At three months after onset, 94 LI patients were followed up. The levels of vWF and hsCRP between the 100 patients one month after onset and the 94 patients three months after onset were statistically different [(vWF: (141.80±17.60) vs. (134.86±13.35) ng/mL, P=0.002; hsCRP: (5.53±1.37) vs. (2.63±0.55) mg/L, P<0.001], but there was no statistically significant difference between the two time points in the levels of HCY or platelet-activating factors (P>0.05).ConclusionChronic platelet activation may not play a core role in LI pathophysiology, and endothelial dysfunction may be one of the pathological mechanisms of LI.
Objective To evaluate the influences of myocardial injury markers on the short-term and long-term mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), so as to provide valuable references for clinical prognosis assessment. Methods Literature was electronically searched in CBM, PubMed, OVID, EMbase and CNKI from the date of their establishment to August 2011, meanwhile the manual searches were also performed to systemize the papers. According to the Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews, the studies were screened by two reviewers independently, the quality of the included studies was evaluated, the data were extracted, and meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan5.0 software. Results A total of 10 observational studies including creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and the patients involved were 10 793 totally. Results of meta-analysis showed that the increasing release of CK-MB was associated with an increasing short-term mortality risk of both on-pump (RR=2.88, 95%CI 1.94 to 4.28, Plt;0.000 01) and off-pump group (RR=3.64, 95%CI 1.07 to 12.42), P=0.04). Also the increasing release of CK-MB was associated with an increasing long-term mortality risk of both on-pump (RR=2.55, 95%CI 1.91 to 3.40, Plt;0.000 01) and off-pump group (RR=3.36, 95%CI1.46 to 7.72, P=0.004). The increasing release of cTnI was also associated with an increasing risk of both short-term mortality (RR=6.45, 95%CI 2.50 to 16.66, Plt;0.1) and long-term mortality (RR=4.18, 95%CI 2.78 to 6.28, Plt;0.1). Conclusion The evidence shows that the increasing release of both CK-MB and cTnI is associated with an increasing risk of the short-term and long-term mortality.
Objective To explore the solutions of problems with the ROC analysis for different types data. Method Two kinds of ROC analyses of three cardiac infarction markers, cTNT, CK-MB mass and MYO, were performed with the ROC program developed by Yunnan Provincial Clinical Laboratory Center. Results The distribution of prime data had a large range, which produced a bad analysis result. After logarithmic transformation, the prime data that had smaller range now can be analyzed with full-span method. The results were similar to the ROC analyzed with the overlapped data. Conclusions We should choose different statistical method depend on the distribution of data when we performed ROC analyses.
ObjectiveTo analyze the effects of alcohol consumption on oral flora of middle-aged and elderly men from the core area of southwestern China, and explore the relationship between excessive-alcohol-consumption-related flora and alcohol-related cancer.MethodsFrom March to June 2018, saliva samples of target subjects were collected for 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, and a questionnaire survey which took drinking history of each participant as the target variable was conducted. According to the amount of alcohol consumed, the subjects were divided into non-drinking group, moderate-drinking group, and excessive-drinking group. The microbial analysis of α diversity, analysis of group difference of oral flora abundance, bacterial function prediction, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve model prediction were carried out.ResultsA total of 59 subjects were included. There were 23 cases (39.0%) in the non-drinking group, 23 cases (39.0%) in the moderate-drinking group, and 13 cases (22.0%) in the excessive-drinking group. The average age was (61.90±8.85) years. Excessive drinking increased the abundance of oral flora (P<0.05), and could change the abundance of specific genus such as Peptostreptococcus and TM7［G-6］ (P<0.05) and regulate cancer-related pathways (P<0.05). ROC analysis found that a panel of three genus oral bacteria such as TM7［G-6］ might effectively distinguish the non-drinking group from the excessive-drinking group (area under curve=0.915).ConclusionsGenus of Peptostreptococcus and TM7_［G-6］ are the potential oral flora biomarkers for the excessive-drinking of target subjects. Some excessive drinking-related flora are closely related to oral cancer.
With the intensification of global aging trends and the continuous rise in the incidence of chronic diseases, the demand for health monitoring and early intervention has become increasingly urgent. Owing to their non-invasive nature, portability, and comfort, flexible wearable sensors have emerged as a key technology driving the development of personalized healthcare. Starting from specific application scenarios in health monitoring, this article systematically reviews recent research advances in flexible sensors within the healthcare field. Firstly, it outlines the design fundamentals of flexible sensors. This is followed by a focused analysis of their specific applications in monitoring vital signs, biochemical markers, as well as motion and neural activities, along with an in-depth exploration of the clinical significance, technical challenges, and targeted solutions in different scenarios. Finally, the current technical bottlenecks and clinical challenges are summarized, and an outlook on the future development of health monitoring systems is provided. This review aims to provide a systematic reference for the deep integration of flexible electronics technology and medicine.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the monitoring value of brain injury biomarkers in the patients during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and CBM from inception of each database to May 2015 to identify randomized controlled trials, or case-control trials, or cohort trials of brain injury biomarkers predict brain injury during ECMO. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers. Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 12.0 software. ResultsFour retrospective trials were included. The results showed that compared with patients without brain injury, the patients with brain injury had a higher level of S100B protein (P < 0.05). The incidence of major neurological events was higher for high neuron-specific enolase level patients than mild-to-moderate neuron-specific enolase level patients (85% vs. 29%, P=0.01). The incidence of brain injury was higher for normal glial fibrillary acidic protein level than patients with glial fibrillary acidic protein > 0.436 ng/ml (OR=11.5, 95%CI 1.3-98.3). ConclusionsBrain injury biomarkers may be used as an indicator for earlier diagnosis of brain injury in patients during ECMO.
The mechanisms behind diabetic retinopathy (DR) can be ascribed primarily to retinal microvascular abnormalities, excessive inflammatory response and neurodegeneration. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of endogenous non-coding RNA with a special circular structure, which is mainly composed of precursor RNA after shearing and processing. It is widely present in the retina and participates in the occurrence and development of various fundus diseases. CircRNAs express in an abnormal way in retina, serving as “the sponge” for miRNA so as to play roles in dysfunction of retinal vascular, inflammatory response and neurodegeneration in the development of DR. Further studies for circRNAs in DR will illustrate pathophysiology of DR more deeply, shedding light on circRNAs becoming novel biomarkers and molecular targets for diagnosis and treatment, thus achieving the goal of early diagnosis and precise therapy of DR.
Objective To investigate the serum level of surfactant protein D ( SP-D) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) and its clinical significance. Methods Serumlevels of SP-D in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD ( n = 29) , stable COPD ( n = 26) , and control subjects ( n = 19 ) were measured by ELISA. Multiple regression modeling was performed to determine the independent relationship between SP-D and lung function variables. Results The serum SP-D levels were significantly increased in the patients who experienced an acute exacerbation [ ( 70. 6 ±20. 7) ng/mL] compared with the patients with stable COPD and the control subjects [ ( 47. 9 ±13. 3) ng/mL and ( 31. 2 ±11. 4) ng/mL] ( both P lt; 0. 01) . The serum SP-D levels in the patients with stable COPD increased significantly than the control subjects ( P lt; 0. 01) . Smoking index and staging of COPD were positively related to SP-D level. Serum SP-D levels were also found to be inversely related to FEV1% pred in stable COPD. Conclusion Serum SP-D may be a potential diagnostic and staging biomarker for COPD.
[Abstract]The pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is closely associated with the aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), whose functions are precisely regulated by the important post-transcriptional modification N6-methyladenosine (m6A). Recent studies have revealed that m6A modification plays a critical role in malignant phenotypes of LUAD, including proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance, by influencing the stability, processing, and function of lncRNAs. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in understanding the role of m6A-modified lncRNAs in LUAD, with a focus on the functional mechanisms of the m6A-lncRNA regulatory network in tumor progression. It also discusses their clinical potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, aiming to provide new theoretical insights for the precise diagnosis and treatment of LUAD.