Endocrinology is closely related to lipid metabolism. Lipotoxicity affects the abnormal function of various endocrine organs, and leads to diabetes, fatty liver, metabolic syndrome and other endocrine and metabolic diseases. It is an important strategy to prevent the lipid toxicity. Endocrine disorders can also cause dyslipidemia. Studies have found that thyroid and gonadal glands play an important role in lipid metabolism. Their molecular mechanisms are gradually revealed and will be a new therapeutic target for dyslipidemia. Lipid metabolism disorders play an important role in the development of endocrine and metabolic diseases.
To investigate prospectively the short-term effect of different fat emulsions on plasma lipids and lipoproteins and to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Fifty six surgical patients were randomized to received intravenously either a 10%. Intralipid, a 20% Intralipid or no fat emulsions for 5 days postoperatively as part of a standard parenteral nutrition regimen. Serum lipids and lipoproteins were measured prior to and after the 5-day infusion period. Results: Intravenous administration of 10% Intralipid caused a marked increase of total cholesterol (Tcho), free cholesterol (Fcho), Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-ch), phospholipid and lipoprotein X (LPX). Quantification of LPX revealed that its increase was proportionate to that of phospholipid and Tcho. Conclusion: Exogenous phospholipids when using fat emulsions with a high phospholipid/triglyceride (PL/TG) ratio play an impressive role in the formation of LPX and consequently are capable of inducing hypercholesterolemia after only a few days. Therefore, 20% Intralipid should be preferred to the corresponding 10% Intralipid for its low PL/TG ratio.
Lipid globules in retina and choroid are new definitions based on pathology and high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT examination shows that the lipid globules are low reflective circular cavities in the choroid and retina, without strong reflective boundaries around them, followed by a characteristic superreflective tail. It occurs in healthy human eyes and in age-related macular degeneration characterized by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy. Its characteristic superreflective tail is the key to distinguishing it from other diseases. At present, the understanding of lipid globules is still in the initial stage. Although lipid globules can be observed in healthy human eyes, a certain prevalence rate indicates that they are associated with choroidal hypoperfusion and RPE atrophy. In the future, larger randomized controlled trials and longer follow-up time are needed to explore its pathogenesis, pathological characteristics and treatment prognosis.
Objective To explore the relationship between the structure and function of galectin-3， lipid metabolism disorders， and investigate the expression of galectin-3 in the occurrence and progress of lower limb arteriosclerosis block disease. Methods Related articles were reviewed. Results Galectin-3 participates in inflammatory reaction and lipid metabolism disorders， regulates the cell growth， differentiation， adhesion， apoptosis， and angiogenesis， and palys a role in the occurrence and progress of arteriosclerosis obliterans. Conclusion Galectin-3 is correlation with the occurrence， progress， and the prognosis of arteriosclerosis obliterans.
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the changes in peripheral blood metabolites and transcriptomes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to assess their diagnostic value as biomarkers. MethodsIn this study, we utilized liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) lipid-targeted metabolomics to compare the metabolic profiles of 30 OSA patients with those of 30 healthy controls, identifying differential lipid metabolites. Through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, we determined that the glycerolipid metabolism pathway was significantly different. Furthermore, we conducted transcriptome analysis on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from six OSA patients and six healthy controls to evaluate the expression of molecules related to the pathway. ResultsA total of 168 differential lipid metabolites were identified, with significant differences in the glycerolipid metabolism pathway between OSA patients and healthy controls. Transcriptome analysis revealed that glycerolipid metabolism-related molecules GPAT, AGPAT, and LPIN were under expressed in OSA patient PBMCs, suggesting that the glycerolipid metabolism pathway is suppressed in OSA patients. Additionally, diagnostic value analysis showed that GPAT and AGPAT had high AUC values, indicating their potential as biomarkers for OSA. ConclusionThe suppression of the glycerolipid metabolism pathway is closely related to the development of OSA, and the under expression of key genes in this pathway, such as GPAT, AGPAT, and LPIN, may be involved in the pathophysiological process of OSA. These findings not only provide a new perspective for understanding the pathogenesis of OSA but also offer new scientific evidence for the treatment of OSA from the perspective of glycerolipid metabolism regulation.
To elucidate the mechanism of renal injury following intestinal ischemia/reperfusion, reactive oxygen metabolites in kidney and plasma were examined in 20 rats following intestinal ischemia/reperfusion by measurement of lipid proxidation (LP).The plasma lipid peroxide concentration after reperfusion was higher than that of the contol group (Ｐ＜0.01),the LP in kidney homogenate was also significantly higher (Ｐ＜0.01) following intestinal ischemia/reperfusion.Our study suggests that reactive oxygen metabolites after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion plays an important role in kidney injury.
Wistar rats weaned were raised through 10 weeks under cyclic illumination of 12 hours light and 12 hours darkness,with four different fluorescent colour lighting condition:75 lx and 300lx blue light,300 lux white and 300lux pink light to study the change of superoxide dismutases(SOD)and lipid peroxied(LPO)in the retina.This paper shows that photic oxidative reaction reduces SOD in the retina and oxidizes polyunsaturated fatty acids to become LPO and that complex visible light oxidizes retina easier than simple wave lengths visible light does.The shorter the wave lengths of visible light is and the brighter the illumination is the more serious the oxidative damage of the retina is. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1993,9:14-16）
The experimental models of chronic hepatic lesion of 40 rabbits were made by intra-abdominal injection of thioacetamide.The chronic hepatic lesion was confirmed by pathological examination and hepatectomies were performed in accordance with different measurements on each rabbit.The observations included indocyanine green retention rate,hepatic resection volume,and the outcomes of operations.The results showed that the mortality was correlative with the change of hepatic functions in the background of chronic hepatic lesion.The indocyanine green retention and the level of serum albumin are important parameters to indicate hepatic impairment.When the former was over 40% or the latter below 2.8g% the operative danger was high and the mortality was over 50%.In accordance with the classification of hepatic function,the preoperative functional state of liver were classified:grade A,B and C.the mortality of posthepatectomy were respectively 16.7%,3O%,and 72%.The multiple progressive regression equation is employed for calculating the postoperative outcome.The equation predicted the postoperative outcome with 88.9% accuracy.
ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between epileptic seizure and lipid metabolism and nutritional index in patients with glioma.Methods380 patients with glioma admitted to Linyi People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from January 2017 to December 2019 were selected. According to whether the first symptom is epilepsy or not, patients with glioma were divided into epileptic group (n=72) and control group (n=308). Combined with the basic demographic information, lipid metabolism and nutrition indicators in the medical records, the two groups of patients were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsThe mean age of epileptic group was (39.38±13.40) years, and the sex ratio was 1.88∶1. The mean age of the control group was (46.25±15.97) years, and the sex ratio was 1.20∶1. Chi-square test results showed that there was a statistical correlation between gender, alcohol consumption, history of hypertension and seizures (χ2=0.813, P<0.05). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that there were differences in age, weight, LDL-C and potassium between the epilepsy group and the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionMale, age, weight, LDL-C and abnormal potassium concentration are risk factors for epilepsy in patients with brain tumor, and effective prevention and treatment measures should be taken in time for patients with abnormal lipid metabolism and nutritional indicators.