Methods of evidence-based medicine were used to discuss the drug treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. After clinical problems were put forward, we searched for and assessed the evidence. A rational treatment plan for osteoporosis patients with fractures was developed according to the results of systematic reviews and Meta-analysis.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) occurring in the pancreas was rare and few clinical cases had been reported. The specificity of clinical presentation of IMT was lacked and its CT imaging manifestations were diverse. The enhanced CT images of a rare patient with IMT of the pancreas with liver metastases were presented to the readers, and the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the CT imaging manifestations were briefly described, so as to enhance the readers’ understanding and knowledge of the CT imaging manifestations and raise the diagnostic awareness of the disease.
Schwannoma originating from the common bile duct is rare. We presented a patient who was diagnosed with biliary cystadenoma preoperatively and pathologically confirmed as a choledochal Schwannoma, analyzed the CT and MRI imaging manifestations, and illustrated its anatomical and pathological basis, and to improve the understanding of clinicians and radiologists for choledochal Schwannoma.
Objective To summarize the pathological, clinical features and research progress of CT diagnosis of signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach, in order to help further understanding and early clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Method The literatures related to pathological classification, clinical manifestations, metastasis patterns, prognosis and CT features of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma were searched and reviewed. Results Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma often had no special clinical symptoms and signs in the early stage, and often entered the advanced stage when symptoms such as gastric ulcer appeared. Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma is more prone to peritoneal and ascites metastases than other types of gastric cancer. The more specific metastases include diffuse infiltration along the bile duct and portal vein to the hepatic hilar area and extension to the Glisson sheath. Compared with other types of gastric cancer, there is no prognostic advantage. even worse. CT showed that the lesions were mostly located in the middle and lower 1/3 of the stomach, with a diffuse infiltrating gross appearance, obvious thickening and enhancement of the gastric wall, and delayed enhancement, especially in the low-enhanced area. The emerging dual-energy/spectral CT has shown good application prospects for the diagnosis of gastric cancer. Conclusions The pathological clinical features and CT diagnosis of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma have certain characteristics, but there are still many controversies, which are related to the fact that some pathological characteristics or infiltration patterns of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma itself have not been clearly studied, which will be discussed in the future direction of continuing research.
ObjectiveTo summarize the mechanism, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and medical treatment of hungry bone syndrome (HBS) in patients with hyperparathyroidism after parathyroidectomy, and to provide clinicians with reference for disease diagnosis and treatment.MethodThe related literatures about HBS in patients were collected and reviewed with clinical experience.ResultsHBS was a group of clinical syndromes mainly manifested as hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy in patients with high bone turnover state before operation, with a high incidence, and the main purpose of treatment was achieved by supplementing calcium and vitamin D.ConclusionsHBS requires reasonable diagnosis and timely treatment by clinicians. Patients can achieve long-term blood calcium and phosphorus stability and bone mass growth through medical treatment.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) involving stomach, liver, biliary tract, and peritoneal mesentery was very rare, nonspecific clinical manifestations and laboratory examination were the main reasons for the difficult preoperative diagnosis of IMT. An IMT case involving multiple systems and multiple sites of the abdomen was presented, the CT and MRI imaging signs and pathological basis of IMT were illustrated, so as to strengthen the understanding of IMT for clinicians and radiologists.
目的 探討經皮椎體成形術（percutaneous vertebroplasty，PVP）后新發椎體骨折的發生率及危險因素。 方法 回顧分析2004年1月-2009年1月行經PVP治療的80例骨質疏松伴椎體壓縮骨折的患者的臨床資料，隨訪7～54個月，了解患者的療效和預后。 結果 術后80例中14例（17.5%）30個椎體新發椎體骨折，其中相鄰椎體占46.7%（14/30）。有無新發椎體骨折兩組間及相鄰和非相鄰椎體骨折兩組間，體重指數（body mass index，BMI）比較差異均統計學意義（Plt;0.05），而年齡、性別、骨折椎體個數、PVP手術椎體個數、骨水泥注射劑量、身高下降比較差異無統計學意義（Pgt;0.05）。經logistic回歸分析發現低體重指數（BMI≤18.5 kg/m2）是PVP術后新發椎體骨折的獨立危險因素。術后患者均給予抗骨質疏松藥物治療，58.8%（47/80）的患者能堅持抗骨質疏松藥物治療1年以上。采用KaplanMeier法計算術后第1年新發椎體壓縮骨折的發生率為8.6%。低新發椎體骨折發生率與患者術后堅持抗骨質疏松治療相關。 結論 低體重指數是PVP術后新發椎體骨折的獨立危險因素，與PVP手術本身無關。術后堅持抗骨質疏松藥物治療能夠降低新發椎體骨折的發生。
Skeletal muscle and metabolic function are important factors affecting the health status of the elderly. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) can improve muscle recovery, reduce muscle soreness after exercise, and BCAA can also enhance metabolic health, helping to regulate blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity in the elderly. In addition, BCAA can improve cognitive function, reducing the risk of age-related cognitive decline. This article reviews the relationship between BCAA and aging, skeletal muscle, and metabolic diseases, explaining how BCAA can support and promote muscle mass and function in the elderly, as well as have a positive impact on metabolic health and cognitive function.
Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) can be easily missed or misdiagnosed as Budd-Chiari syndrome in clinical practice. The authors displayed the imaging pictures of one patient with HSOS and made a brief description of typical imaging features, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, and differential diagnosis of HSOS, with the hope of improving the understanding of HSOS and reducing the rates of leak diagnosis or misdiagnosis.
This study reported a case of intrahepatic splenosis with CT and MR findings mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient had two risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma, including elevated alpha-fetoprotein and a history of hepatitis B virus infection, and had previously splenectomy due to spleen trauma. This paper briefly described the etiology and pathogenesis of intrahepatic splenosis and reviewed the radiological findings of this disease reported in previous literature, in order to strengthen readers’ understanding of intrahepatic splenosis and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.