目的 全面介紹先天性囊性腺瘤樣畸形(CCAM)其可能的病因，臨床、病理特點及診斷手段，循證探討針對CCAM的治療方法及預后。 方法 對我院2011年11月收治的1例罕見的CCAM患者的臨床資料進行分析，并對相關文獻進行復習。 結果 患者數次誤診后最終診斷為CCAM，予手術治療后痊愈，隨訪1年無復發。 結論 CCAM是一種少見的、非遺傳性的、錯構瘤樣的肺發育異常，為一種良性的肺部畸形，其特點是局部肺終末呼吸性細支氣管過度生長。CCAM多通過產前影像學檢查、活組織檢查或術后病檢診斷。手術為治愈該病的最根本、最重要措施。
Objective To improve the knowledge of kartagener syndrome and the understanding of primary ciliary dyskinesia ( PCD) . Methods Three cases of Kartagener syndrome were reported and analyzed on clinical manifestations, symptoms, imaging appearances of chest, and family history. Meanwhile the related literatures were reviewed. Results The three patients deserved special recognition because of recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infection. Of them, the third case showed mainly the symptoms of nasosinusitis at an early age, and the distinct pulmonary symptoms appeared in his adulthood. Further examination showed that the triad of chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus is present in all cases. The parents of the two cases were consanguineous marriaged. Examination of the bronchial mucosal biopsy specimen of the first case under transmission electron microscopy showed cilia with the absence of inner dynein arms. The three cases got improvement after treatment of anti-infection and expectorant. Conclusion For patients with recurring infection in the upper and lower respiratory tract from infancy, the possibility of PCD should be considered no matter whether a situs inversus exists.
目的 提高對外源性過敏性肺泡炎的認識。 方法 回顧分析2011年10月報道1例外源性過敏性肺泡炎（過敏性肺炎）患者的診斷及治療經過，總結其臨床特征、診療要點及預后評價。 結果 患者數次誤診后最終診斷為外源性過敏性肺泡炎，予脫離變應原及激素治療后痊愈，隨訪半年無復發。結論 該病臨床表現無特異性，需結合患者病史、臨床癥狀、血清學檢查、影像學表現，甚至肺泡灌洗液及肺活檢綜合判斷；脫離變應原為該病治療的最根本、最重要措施；對于病情嚴重患者，短期全身性使用糖皮質激素可縮短病程或改善癥狀。
ObjectiveTo analyze the status of systematic reviews/meta-analyses on tuberculosis. MethodsThe Web of Science was searched for systematic reviews/meta-analyses on tuberculosis up to February 4th, 2015. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers screened literature and extracted data. Then SPSS 11.0 software was used to analysis data including publication year, country, institution, journal and citation situation. ResultsA total of 461 systematic reviews/meta-analyses were included. The publication numbers was increasing from 1 in 1997 to 82 in 2014. Among them, China ranked the top country (113 studies), followed by the USA and Canada. The area with the most number of countries where studies were published was Europe, followed by Asia and Africa. In terms of institution, McGill University in Canada ranked the top, followed by University of London in England and Sichuan University in China. As for the number of papers in journals, the International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease ranked the top, followed by PLOS One and European Respiratory Journal. In the terms of citation, the citation ranged from 0 to 591, and the median citation frequency was 8. ConclusionThe systematic reviews/meta-analyses on tuberculosis is gradually increasing; the developed countries are still important output areas; and China is playing more and more important role in this research field.