Objective To compare the bacterial spectrums of respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) patients derived from traditional bacterial culture and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay. To analyze the relationship between clinical factors and clinical outcome of patients. Methods Data of patients in RICU with lower respiratory tract infection from October 2018 to December 2020 was collected. The bacterial spectrums obtained by traditional culture method and LAMP-based method were compared. Clinical factors were divided into two categories and taken into analysis of variance for assessing their relevance with clinical outcomes. Those with significances in analysis of variance were taken into binary logistic regression. Results A total of 117 patients were included. The ratio of patients with positive bacterial culture results was 39.13% (n=115), and that with positive LAMP assay results was 72.65% (n=117). The ratios of patients with at least two positive results for culture and LAMP were 8.70% (n=115) and 36.75% (n=117), respectively. According to chi-squared test, mechanical ventilation (χ2=5.260, P=0.022), and patients with two or more bacteria positive for LAMP assay (χ2=8.227, P=0.004) were related to higher risk of death. Mechanical ventilation and patients with two bacteria positive for LAMP assay were included in binary logistic regression. The odds ratio for death was 4.789 in patients with two or more bacteria positive by LAMP assay (95% confidence interval 1.198 - 19.144, P=0.027). Conclusions LAMP-based method is helpful in detecting more bacteria from respiratory tract specimens of RICU patients, which will be a contributor to precision medicine. Patients with at least two bacteria positive based on LAMP assay have higher risk of death.
Objective To analyze the detection results of serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies against eight respiratory pathogens, and to investigate the pathogen distribution characteristics in patients with acute respiratory infection-related symptoms in the local region, thereby providing reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment as well as surveillance of key populations. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the IgM test data for respiratory pathogens from patients admitted to People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region between January and December 2024. Patients of different genders, age groups, and months were analyzed and compared. Results A total of 9473 patients were included. Among them, there were 5006 males (52.84%) and 4467 females (47.16%). The overall detection rate of respiratory pathogens was 45.38% (4 299/9 473). Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) IgM showed the highest positivity rate (26.89%), followed by influenza A virus (Flu A) (10.01%) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (6.15%). The IgM positivity rates for MP and Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) were significantly higher in female patients than in males (P<0.05). Significant differences in IgM detection rates were observed across different age groups for Flu A, influenza B virus, adenovirus, coxsackievirus B, RSV, MP, and CP (P<0.05). The MP detection rate decreased with increasing age, while Flu A infection primarily affected individuals aged 45 years and older. In terms of temporal distribution, higher positivity rates for respiratory pathogens were mainly observed from April to December. The MP IgM positivity rate remained consistently higher than that of other pathogens from March to November, whereas Flu A IgM positivity rates peaked in January and December. Conclusions The predominant respiratory pathogens are MP, Flu A, and RSV, a profile consistent with the overall national trend. The distribution of some pathogens varies by gender, age and time.