ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens isolated from hospitalized pediatric patients with respiratory tract infections, and to provide guidance for empiric therapy. MethodsRespiratory tract specimens from hospitalized pediatric patients with respiratory tract infections from 2011 to 2015 were collected, and the strains were identified and the drug susceptibility was tested. ResultsA total of 1995 strains of pathogens, 1281 (64.21%) from boys and 714 (35.79%) from girls, were isolated from 6236 specimens and the detection rate was 31.99%. The mean age of the hospitalized pediatric patients was (1.22±2.05) years (ranged from 1 day to 14 years). 1393 (69.82%) pediatric patients were younger than 1 year. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans and Acinetobacter baumannii ranked the top five species, accounting for 29.82%, 15.09%, 13.18%, 12.73% and 5.91%, respectively. 1995 strains included gram-negative bacteria (50.93%), gram-positive bacteria (35.29%), and fungi (13.78%). The resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus to oxacillin was 31.76%, but it was 100% sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. The resistant rate of gram-negative bacteria to imipenem was ranged from 1.52% to 5.93%. The resistant rate of gram-negative bacteria to ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin tazobactam and tobramycin was less than 30.00%. ConclusionsThe infants whose age are younger than 1 year comprise the majority of the hospitalized pediatric patients with respiratory tract infections. The proportion of male is more than that of female. Staphylococcus aureus and enterobacteriaceae were the main isolated pathogens. There is difference in drug resistance between different pathogens, so antibiotics should be chosen according to the results of drug sensitivity testing.
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of domestic cefepime in the treatment of acute bacterial lower respiratory tract infection. Methods A randomized, single-blind, controlled clinical trial was performed. The positive control was imported cefepime. The dosages of cefepime were 1g for moderate infection and 2g for severe infection, twice a day intravenously. The duration of the treatment was 7-10 days. Results Thirty-one patients were enrolled in the trial, of whom 30 were evaluable (15 in the triagroup and 15 in the control group). No significant differences were observed between the trial group and the control group with respect to the cure rate (40% vs. 27%), the effective rate (80% vs. 87%), the bacterial clearance rate (92% vs. 100%), and the incidence of adverse drug reactions (12.5% vs. 13%) (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion Domestic cefepime injection is effective and safe in the treatment of acute bacterial lower respiratory tract infection.
Objective To analyze the detection results of serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies against eight respiratory pathogens, and to investigate the pathogen distribution characteristics in patients with acute respiratory infection-related symptoms in the local region, thereby providing reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment as well as surveillance of key populations. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the IgM test data for respiratory pathogens from patients admitted to People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region between January and December 2024. Patients of different genders, age groups, and months were analyzed and compared. Results A total of 9473 patients were included. Among them, there were 5006 males (52.84%) and 4467 females (47.16%). The overall detection rate of respiratory pathogens was 45.38% (4 299/9 473). Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) IgM showed the highest positivity rate (26.89%), followed by influenza A virus (Flu A) (10.01%) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (6.15%). The IgM positivity rates for MP and Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) were significantly higher in female patients than in males (P<0.05). Significant differences in IgM detection rates were observed across different age groups for Flu A, influenza B virus, adenovirus, coxsackievirus B, RSV, MP, and CP (P<0.05). The MP detection rate decreased with increasing age, while Flu A infection primarily affected individuals aged 45 years and older. In terms of temporal distribution, higher positivity rates for respiratory pathogens were mainly observed from April to December. The MP IgM positivity rate remained consistently higher than that of other pathogens from March to November, whereas Flu A IgM positivity rates peaked in January and December. Conclusions The predominant respiratory pathogens are MP, Flu A, and RSV, a profile consistent with the overall national trend. The distribution of some pathogens varies by gender, age and time.