ObjectiveTo summarize recent advances, clinical applications, and future directions of the portal vein iodine-125 (125I) irradiation stent in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT). MethodsLiterature published over the past 15 years concerning 125I irradiation stents for HCC with PVTT treatment was retrieved. Studies focusing on stent design, radiation dosimetry, combination treatment strategies, and prognostic outcomes were systematically reviewed and analyzed. ResultsThe portal vein 125I irradiation stent provides dual therapeutic benefits: mechanical recanalization of the obstructed portal vein and continuous intraluminal low-dose γ-radiation, achieving high-dose, long-duration localized irradiation. Clinical evidences indicate superior outcomes in maintaining portal vein patency, controlling tumor thrombus progression, and improving overall survival as compared with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or systemic therapy alone. Moreover, combination approaches with TACE or targeted or immunotherapy further enhance tumor control and survival benefits, making it an integral part of multidisciplinary HCC management. ConclusionsAs an innovative integration of interventional and brachytherapy techniques, the portal vein 125I irradiation stent shows promising efficacy and safety in treating HCC with PVTT. Future developments should emphasize biomaterial optimization, image-guided precision implantation, and individualized dosimetry, supported by multicenter randomized controlled trials to establish standardized therapeutic protocols and advance precision oncology.
ObjectiveTo investigate the negative emotions of patients before cardiac surgery in West China Hospital in order to analyze the related factors.MethodsThe Huaxi emotional-distress index (HEI), a screening tool for mood disorders developed by the Mental Health Center of West China Hospital, was used for preoperative psychological evaluation of 1 968 adult patients hospitalized in cardiac surgery from March 2016 to July 2014. There were 835 males and 1 133 females at age of 49±13 years.Results Fifty-one patients (2.6%) had negative emotions, among whom 6 patients were screened for suicide risk. After intervention, none of them had serious consequences caused by adverse emotions, such as automatic discharge from hospital, avoidance of surgery and suicide.ConclusionThis study found that most of the cardiac surgery patients in West China Hospital have good psychological status before surgery, and a few suffered from negative emotions. “Huaxi emotional-distress index” is simple, effective and worth promoting.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of early preoperative mobilization on the rehabilitation of the elderly patients with hip fractures after operation.MethodsThe clinical data of 16 elderly patients with hip fractures between February 2017 and April 2018 who met the selection criteria was retrospectively analyzed. There were 8 males and 8 females, with an average age of 80.3 years (range, 69-90 years). There were 8 cases of intertrochanteric fracture and 8 cases of femoral neck fracture. The preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scored 2.94±0.43. There were 3 cases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, 6 cases of essential hypertension, 5 cases of respiratory diseases, 3 cases of diabetes, and 2 cases of other system diseases. The time from injury to admission was 4 hours to 14 days with an average of 39.5 hours. On the day of admission or on the first day after admission, the patient started to exercise on the floor underwent analgesia treatment. And the patients were treated with closed reduction (9 cases) or artificial hip arthroplasty (7 cases). The time from admission to operation was 4 to 25 days, with an average of 7.4 days. At the time of admission, after the first ground movement before operation, on the second day after operation, and at last follow-up, the Barthel Index was used to assess the patients’ self-care ability, and Barthel effectiveness (BE) was calculated. The complications were observed and recorded during follow-up.ResultsAll 16 patients underwent operation successfully. The hospital stay was 8 to 24 days, with an average of 14.1 days. All patients were followed up 2.5-16.0 months with an average of 6.5 months. One patient developed postoperative pulmonary infection; the remaining patients had no surgical-related complications. No patient died during the follow-up. The Barthel Index scored 30.63±5.56 at admission, 53.13±9.50 after the first ground movement before operation, 60.63±6.09 on the second day after operation, and 96.25±4.84 at last follow-up. There were significant differences in Barthel Index scores between different time points (P<0.05). The BE was 0.23±0.06 after the first ground movement before operation, 0.30±0.04 on the second day after operation, and 0.66±0.06 at last follow-up. There were significant differences in BE between different time points (P<0.05).ConclusionFor elderly patients with hip fractures who have long waiting time before operation, early preoperative mobilization has a positive impact on patients’ activities of daily living.
目的 探討異氟醚吸入麻醉對（SD）老年大鼠學習和記憶的影響。 方法 36只SD健康雄性大鼠隨機分為異氟醚麻醉組和對照組，每組各18只。麻醉組給予2%異氟醚和40%氧氣誘導及維持麻醉3 h，對照組單純吸入含40%氧氣的空氧混合氣體3 h。麻醉組或對照組干預結束24 h后開始為期1周的盲法測試學習記憶能力。 結果 麻醉組大鼠與對照組大鼠相比，Y-迷宮測試成績錯誤反應次數差異無統計學意義（P＞0.05）；除第7天麻醉組大鼠起步電壓高于對照組（P＜0.05）外，其余時間兩組大鼠起步電壓差異均無統計學意義（P＞0.05）；除第3天麻醉組大鼠跑步電壓高于對照組（P＜0.05）外，其余時間兩組大鼠跑步電壓差異均無統計學意義（P＞0.05）。 結論 2%單純異氟醚吸入麻醉不改變老年大鼠麻醉后學習和記憶能力。
目的 探討運用心臟臨時起搏器搶救嚴重心律失常、更換永久性心臟起搏器及心動過緩的外科手術患者圍手術期需用臨時起搏器保護的臨床效果及護理經驗。 方法 2008年8月－2011年7月，共對30例緩慢型心律失常者實施臨時心臟起搏術。術前做好患者的心理護理，做好器材及藥品準備；術中搶救器械、搶救藥品處于備用狀態，作好術中配合及病情觀察；術后護理，觀察生命體征及相關癥狀變化。 結果 安置心臟臨時起搏器患者共30例，除1例因合并下壁心肌梗死、嚴重心力衰竭搶救無效死亡外，其余均取得滿意的治療效果，術中、術后無并發癥發生，術后恢復良好，病情穩定出院。 結論 心臟臨時起博器運用于搶救嚴重心律失常患者、贏得進一步搶救時間，更換永久性心臟起博器患者的臨時保護，以及心動過緩的外科手術患者圍手術期保護，均是一種安全有效的治療方法。做好術前、術中及術后的護理是必要保證。Objective To investigate the clinical effects and nursing experiences of using temporary cardiac pacemaker in emergency rescue for patients with severe arrhythmia, in renewal of permanent cardiac pacemaker, or in peri-operative patients with bradycardia. Methods From August 2008 to July 2011, 30 patients with bradycardia arrhythmia underwent temporary cardiac pacemaker implantation surgery. We applied psychological nursing to the patients and made a good preparation of necessary equipments and medicine before operation. During the surgery, all required apparatuses and materials were ready at hand, and careful observation of conditions of the patients was carried out. After operation, the vital signs as well as the development of related symptoms in the patients were closely observed. Results There were 30 patients who had temporary cardiac pacemakers implanted. All got satisfying treatment effects except one who died from severe heart failure combined with inferior-wall myocardial infarction. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred, and the patients attained good postoperative recuperation before leaving hospital. Conclusion Temporary cardiac pacemaker is safe and effective in the emergency rescue of patients with severe arrhythmia, in temporary heart protection for patients undergoing renewal of permanent cardiac pacemaker, and in perioperative protection for patients with bradycardia. Good nursing before, during, and after the operation should be guaranteed.
Purpose To identify the expression of alternatively spliced mRNA isoforms of the NMDA-R1 in the visual cortex of strabismic cats. Methods Two pai rs of normal and strabismic cats were used．The amblyopic cats had been made monocularly esotropic (by tenotomy) at the age of weeks，resulting in behavioral am blyopia．Animals were sacrificed about 6 months by intraperitoneal administration of Nembutal．Cryostat sections of fresh，frozen central visual cortex of the ats were cut to 20 micron thickness．A series of digoxygenin-labelled oligonucle otide probes basing on the human gene sequence were used for ISH．Control probes included sense oligonucleotides and short segment probes which were adjacent to ，but did not，span the splice junctions．A computer-assisted systematic morphometric ounting procedure was used to enumerate hybridising cells． Results The number of positive cells expressing NMDA-R1 mRNA in t he strabismic amblyopic cats was decreased，notably in layer IV of visual cortex (P＜0．0001)．The pattern of isoform expression varied between normal and strabismic amblyopic cats with decreased numbers of 1-a，1- b and 1-1 isoforms and apparently increased expression of 1-3 P ＜0．0001)，whereas no significant difference was found for the 1-2 and 1-4 isoforms (P＞0．05)． Conclusion Transcriptional inhibition of NMDA-R1 mRNA and of specifie isoforms may underlie the change in receptor expression．Alternatively，preferentialloss of neurones bearing particular NMDA-R1 isoforms and compensation with a proportional increase in cells expressing other isoforms may occurr during the critical period of visual plasticity． (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2000，16：71-138)
為實現培養實用型與創新性相結合人才的教育目標,我們對傳統的預防醫學實驗教學模式進行了改革,包括實驗內容、考核方式、學生參與實驗準備等環節。通過改革,充分激發了學生的積極性和自主性,提高了學生的實際動手能力,增強了學生的團隊合作精神和創新意識,有利于學生綜合素質的提高。
Titanium and its alloys have become one of the most widely used implant materials in orthopedics because of their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Implant-associated infection is the main reason of failure of orthopedic implant surgery. The anti-infection modification of implant surface has received more attention in the field of infection prevention and developed rapidly. This article focuses on the current research status of simple anti-infection surface modifications that make titanium implants possess anti-adhesion, bactericidal activity or antibacterial membrane activity, as well as the research progress of composite functional surface modifications that promote bone integration, osteogenesis or immunomodulatory effects on the basis of anti-infection, so as to provide references for the construction of orthopedic implants with composite functions.
Objective To review the recent advances in the application of graphene oxide (GO) for bone tissue engineering. Methods The latest literature at home and abroad on the GO used in the bone regeneration and repair was reviewed, including general properties of GO, degradation performance, biocompatibility, and application in bone tissue engineering. Results GO has an abundance of oxygen-containing functionalities, high surface area, and good biocompatibility. In addition, it can promote stem cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Moreover, GO has many advantages in the construction of new composite scaffolds and improvement of the performance of traditional scaffolds. Conclusion GO has been a hot topic in the field of bone tissue engineering due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. And many problems still need to be solved.
目的:為了提高漏出性胸腔積液的診斷率對其進行病因分析。方法:對54 例漏出性胸腔積液病例就不同年齡及病變部位進行分析。結果:50 歲以下以腎病綜合征居首位;50~ 60歲以歲慢性肺源性心臟病右心衰竭及肝硬化為主;60 歲以上歲以慢性肺源性心臟病右心衰竭居發病之首,其次為冠狀動脈粥樣硬化性心臟病。左側以心包積液為主。右側以慢性肺源性心臟病右心衰竭居發病之首,其次為冠狀動脈粥樣硬化性心臟病,肝硬化居第三。雙側以慢性肺源性心臟病右心衰竭居首位,其次為腎病綜合征,高血壓心臟病居第三。結論:漏出性胸腔積液的發病年齡,病變部位不同病因各異。