目的 探討心肌梗死患者非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的發病率和危險因素。方法 對北京安貞醫院634例診斷為心肌梗死的患者在入院期間行空腹肝膽超聲檢查,并分為NAFLD組和非NAFLD組,統計分析兩組發病率和危險因素。結果 心肌梗死患者NAFLD發生率為52.2%(331/634)。NAFLD組體重指數、血清丙氨酸轉氨酶高于非NAFLD組,兩組差異有統計學意義(Plt;0.05)。NAFLD的發生率隨著冠脈病變程度加重而增加(χ2=7.275,P=0.03)。多因素logistic回歸結果顯示,體重指數和冠心病多支病變、左主干病變是NAFLD的獨立危險因素。結論 心肌梗死患者,尤其是體重超重、多支病變、左主干病變的患者NAFLD的發生率高。
目的綜述酒精性股骨頭缺血性壞死(osteonecrosis of the femoral head,ONFH)的研究進展。 方法廣泛查閱國內外近年與酒精性ONFH相關的文獻,并進行總結分析。 結果酒精性ONFH患者約占ONFH患者的1/3。研究表明,酒精攝入量與ONFH發病具有明顯量效關系,酒精性ONFH發生與患者脂代謝、糖皮質激素分泌有關,與脂質和酒精代謝性基因存在相關性。 結論酒精與脂代謝、激素的關系與作用機制仍是研究主要方向,基因水平研究尚不能闡釋發病機制,仍需深入研究。
目的 探討老年男性非酒精性脂肪肝(NALFD)與代謝綜合征(MS)不同診斷標準(ATPIII2002、IDF2005和CDS2007標準)的相關性。方法 選擇2010年5月在我院體檢中心體檢的老年男性共666例,進行NALFD及MS相關指標的檢查,比較ATPIII2002、IDF2005和CDS2007三種診斷標準的一致性,并分析比較其與NALFD的相關性。結果 IDF與CDS標準及ATP與CDS標準之間診斷一致率好,而IDF與ATP之間診斷一致率差。MS組中NAFLD檢出率均高于非MS組,其差異有統計學意義(Plt;0.01)。且以CDS2007為診斷標準,NAFLD與MS相關最為密切(Plt;0.000)。結論 NAFLD與MS的3種診斷標準均關系密切,可作為 MS的組成成分之一。CDS2007診斷標準與其他MS診斷標準診斷一致率高,且與NAFLD相關性好,是適合我國人群,包括老年人群在內的良好診斷標準。
目的 系統評價中醫藥治療非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的有效性及安全性。方法 計算機檢索中國期刊全文數據庫、中國科技期刊全文數據庫、中國生物醫學文獻數據庫、PubMed,檢索時限均為從建庫至2009年11月。納入中醫藥治療非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的臨床隨機對照試驗,根據臟腑論治原則進行分層,使用Cochrane協作網推薦的方法進行文獻質量評價及Meta分析。結果 共納入22個研究,其中18個屬于低質量研究,4個屬于中等質量研究。Meta分析結果顯示:① 從肝論治的中藥在痊愈率、總有效率、肝功能、血脂方面與西藥治療無差別;② 從肝脾論治的中藥在痊愈率、有效率、肝功能、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)方面療效均優于西藥,但在調節TG和低密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)方面與西藥治療無差別;③ 從肝脾腎論治的中藥在治愈率、總有效率、肝功能、血脂方面療效均優于西藥,在提高HDL-C方面與西藥療效相當;④ 從肝腎論治的中藥,在痊愈率、總有效率、肝功能及LDL-C、HDL-C方面優于西藥,但對TC、TG的療效與西藥治療無差別。結論 中醫藥治療非酒精性脂肪性肝炎有明顯療效;從肝脾腎辨證論治在痊愈率、有效率和改善肝功能方面均明顯優于西藥;中藥治療未發現嚴重不良反應。
目的 了解成都地區非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)及高尿酸血癥(HUA)患病情況及相關因素。 方法 對2010年9月-2011年3月健康體檢的36 000名18歲以上受檢者,進行病史采集、體格檢查、空腹血糖、血脂、肝功能、腎功能、血尿酸檢測以及上腹部彩色多普勒超聲檢查。 結果 高尿酸血癥(HUA)的總患病率為18.17%。NAFLD患者HUA患病率為39.41%,明顯高于總患病率(P<0.01)。NAFLD患者的HUA患病率隨體質量指數(BMI)的增加呈遞增趨勢。BMI、舒張壓、甘油三酯、膽固醇、丙氨酸轉氨酶、門冬氨酸氨轉移酶、谷氨酰轉肽酶、血肌酐、胱抑素C均隨著血尿酸水平的升高而遞增;高密度脂蛋白隨著血尿酸水平的升高而遞減。 結論 NAFLD及HUA關系密切,且二者與代謝紊亂聯系緊密。
目的 觀察羅格列酮鈉對血糖控制未達標的2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并與不合并非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFL)患者的降糖療效和安全性。 方法 2009年1月-2011年1月60例僅用磺脲類和二甲雙胍治療血糖控制未達標的T2DM患者,按合并和不合并NAFL分為觀察組和對照組各30例,兩組均在原口服降糖藥基礎上聯合加用國產羅格列酮鈉4 mg 1次/d,治療共3個月,觀察治療前后的血糖、胰島素、糖化血紅蛋白(HbA1c)、體質量指數(BMI)、血脂、肝功、血壓水平以及藥物不良反應,并比較治療后的血糖達標率。 結果 兩組患者治療后的空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPG)、HbA1c、空腹胰島素、甘油三酯和極低密度脂蛋白膽固醇均較治療前下降,高密度脂蛋白膽固醇較治療前升高(P<0.05),而丙氨酸轉氨酶、總膽固醇、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇及血壓無明顯變化(P>0.05),但觀察組治療后的FPG和2hPG均較對照組下降更明顯(P<0.01),且血糖達標率為73.3%,顯著高于對照組的46.7%(P<0.05),同時觀察組餐后2 h胰島素(2hINS)水平在治療前后均明顯高于對照組而且治療后有顯著下降(P<0.01),但對照組治療后2hINS雖然也有下降但無統計學意義(P>0.05)。觀察組治療前后BMI無明顯變化,但對照組治療后BMI有明顯的升高(P<0.05)。結論 國產羅格列酮鈉片對血糖控制未達標的T2DM合并和不合并NAFL患者均有進一步降低血糖、HbA1c以及改善血脂的作用,但對T2DM合并NAFL的患者的降糖療效更顯著,未見加重肝功能損壞,不良反應小,可作為此類患者聯合用藥的一種選擇。
【摘要】 目的 研究2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)合并非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)患者血漿脂肪細胞特異性脂肪酸結合蛋白(adipocyte-specific fatty acid-binding protein,A-FABP)的水平及其相關因素。 方法 2009年10月—2010年10月選取T2DM合并NAFLD組(A組)60例,未合并NAFLD組56例(B組)為研究對象。測定體質量指數(body mass index,BMI),檢測血脂、糖化血紅蛋白(hemoglobin A1c,HbA1c)等生化指標。放射免疫法測定空腹胰島素(fasting insulin,FINS),空腹C肽水平(fasting C-peptide,FCP),計算胰島素抵抗指數(homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)、胰島素敏感指數(insulin sensitivity index,ISI),測定A-FABP、C反應蛋白(C-reaction protein,CRP)及腫瘤壞死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)。 結果 與B組患者相比,A組患者其血漿A-FABP水平、BMI、腰圍、腰臀比、丙氨酸氨基轉移酶、門冬氨酸氨基轉移酶、CRP、TNF-α、FCP、FINS、總膽固醇、甘油三酯、Ln(HOMA-IR)升高,Ln(ISI)降低,差異有統計學意義(Plt;0.05);兩組HbA1c差異無統計學意義(Pgt;0.05)。A-FABP水平變化與TNF-α、HOMA-IR、CRP呈正相關,與ISI呈負相關。 結論 T2DM伴NAFLD中,A-FABP升高與胰島素抵抗是并存的,且存在明顯相關關系,二者在疾病的發生發展中均可能具有重要的作用。【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the serum level of adipocyte-specific fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and its related factors. Methods From October 2009 to October 2010, 112 patients with T2DM were categorized into two groups: the group with NAFLD (group A) with 60 patients, and the group without NAFLD (group B) with 56 patients. Body mass index (BMI), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were detected. Radioimmunoassay was carried out to measure fasting insulin (FINS) and fasting C-peptide (FCP), and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were calculated. At the same time, A-FABP, C-reaction protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were also detected. Results Compared with patients in group B, plasma levels of A-FABP, BMI, waistline, waist to hip ratio, ALT, AST, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, CRP, FCP, FINS, and HOMA-IR for patients in group A were all higher, while ISI was lower; and the differences in the above-mentioned parameters were statistically significant (Plt;0.05). The levels of HbA1c in the two groups were not significantly different (Pgt;0.05). The change of A-FABP level was positively correlated with TNF-α, HOMA-IR and CRP, while it wasnegatively correlated with ISI. Conclusions In patients with T2DM with NAFLD, there is an obvious correlation between the coexisting A-FABP rise and insulin resistance. Both of them played critical roles in the onset and developing of the disease.
【摘要】 目的 觀察長期大量酒精攝入對大鼠心肌結構及心肌組織中丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和金屬硫蛋白(MT)含量的影響,探討氧化應激在酒精性心肌病大鼠中的作用。 方法 雄性健康SD大鼠45只,隨機分為2組,即對照組20只和模型組25只。模型組酒精濃度從5%、10%、20%和30%依次各自由飲1周,然后遞增至36%后以該濃度維持飼喂。對照組每日飲用與模型組酒精同等熱量的葡萄糖水。6個月后,觀察大鼠心肌組織的形態學改變及超微結構的變化,測定心肌組織中MDA、SOD及MT的含量。結果 模型組大鼠心肌細胞排列紊亂、間質充血、炎細胞浸潤、線粒體腫脹、空泡形成、肌絲溶解、核膜不規則和核仁裂解。心肌組織中MDA含量明顯升高(Plt;0.01),SOD活力含量明顯降低(Plt;0.01),MT含量明顯降低(Plt;0.01)。 結論 長期攝入大量酒精可使氧自由基代謝失衡,導致心肌損傷。氧化應激在酒精性心肌病發病機制中發揮著重要的作用。【Abstract】 Objective To observe the effect of longterm and large quantities of alcohol intake on myocardial structure of rats and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and metallothionein (MT) in myocardium tissue. To study the effect of oxidative stress on the rats with alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Methods Fortyfive male and healthy SD rats were randomly divided into the control group (20 rats) and model group (25 rats).The alcoholic concentrate in model group was increased from 5%,10%,20% to 30% every week, and maintain free drinking mass concentration of 36% alcohol. The control group drink the same calories of glucose water. Six months later, the myocardial tissues were observed both in light microscope and electron microscope .The level of MDA、SOD and MT were tested in myocardium tissue. Results In the model rats, the cells of myocardial disarray, interstitial congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, mitochondrial swelling, vacuole formation, melt filaments, irregular nuclear membrane and nucleolus cracking. The content of MDA incresed(Plt;0.01)and the activities of SOD decreased(Plt;001),levels of MT decreased (Plt;0.01) in the cardiac muscular tissues in the model group compared with the control group. Conclusion Longterm intake of large amounts of alcohol can break the balance of oxygen free radicals, which leading to the damage of myocardial. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the etiopathogenesis of alcoholic cardiomyopathy.
摘要:目的: 研究蛻皮甾酮對非酒精性脂肪性肝病大鼠模型腫瘤壞死因子α(TNFα)與核因子κB(NFκB)表達的影響,并探索其可能的作用機制。 方法 :健康成年SD大鼠36只,隨機分為正常對照組12只與實驗組24只;正常對照組喂以普通基礎飼料,實驗組應用高脂飼料喂養。實驗12周末時將造模成功的實驗組大鼠隨機分為模型組與蛻皮甾酮治療組2個亞組,每組12只;正常對照組喂以普通基礎飼料至16周,模型組繼續應用改良高脂飼料喂養至16周,蛻皮甾酮治療組大鼠在高脂飲食同時加用蛻皮甾酮灌胃。實驗16周末時處死3組所有大鼠;檢測肝臟指數,血清與肝組織生化指標及肝組織病理改變;ELISA法檢測肝臟TNFα水平;免疫組化檢測各組大鼠肝組織中核因子κB蛋白表達情況。 結果 :蛻皮甾酮治療組血清膽固醇(TC)、丙氨酸氨基轉移酶(ALT)和天門冬氨酸氨基轉移酶(AST)明顯低于模型組(212±058比263±024,Plt;005;5336±1848比8460±3627,P<005;14020±3595比24359±3638,P<001);蛻皮甾酮治療組與模型組相比肝組織丙二醛(MDA)水平降低明顯(18454±1645比23928±2376,P<001),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力增加顯著(942±052比518±043,P<001),肝臟指數顯著降低(435±037比504±046,P<001),肝組織脂肪變性程度和炎癥活動度明顯減輕(546±037比630±049,P<001)。蛻皮甾酮治療組與模型組相比TNFα與核因子κB水平明顯減輕(4304±748比6156±727,2465±539比4504±746,P值均<001)。 結論 :蛻皮甾酮具有改善高脂飲食誘發的非酒精性脂肪性肝病大鼠肝臟酶學功能,通過增加肝組織SOD的含量和減少MDA的含量來減輕肝組織氧化應激水平,減輕肝組織TNFα和核因子κB來減輕肝臟炎癥,發揮防治非酒精性脂肪性肝病的作用。Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect and possible mechanism of ecdysterone on the expression of tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNFα) and nuclear factor κ B (NFκB) in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease of rats. Methods : A total of 36 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups, who were fed with highfat diet (experimental group, n=24) and normal basic food (normal control, n=12) respectively. At the end of the 12th week, the experimental group was randomly divided into two subgroups: model group and ecdysterone group, each group contained 12 rats. From the 13th week, the rats in the normal control group and model group were lavaged with normal sodium, and the rats in the ecdysterone group were lavaged with ecdysterone at 10 mg·kg-1·d-1. At the end of the 16th week, all rats were weighed, narcotized, sacrificed, and the liver index, biochemical indicators in serum and liver tissues and the hepatic pathological changes were observed. The expression of TNFα was detected by ELISA and the expression of NFκB was measured by immunohistochemical staining. Results : At the end 16th week in ecdysterone group, the serum levels of cholesterol (TC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were reduced markedly (212±058 vs 263±024 and 5336±1848 vs 8460±3627, both P<005; 14020±3595 vs 24359±3638, P<001); the tissue content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased evidently (18454±1645 vs 23928±2376, P<001), while the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was enhanced notably (942±052 vs 518±043, P<001); the liver index was decreased significantly in comparison with that inmodel group (435±037 vs 504±046, P<001); the degree of fatty degeneration and inflammation were relieved dramatically (546±037 vs 630±049, P<001). The expression of TNFα and the levels of NFκB were significantly lower (4304±748 vs 6156±727 and 2465±539 vs 4504±746, both P<001) in ecdysterone group compared with model group. Conclusion : The effects of ecdysterone in preventing NAFLD in rats could be related to the increase of SOD content in hepatic tissue and the decrease of MDA content, tumor necrosis factorα and NFκB.