目的:觀察莫西沙星治療肝硬化并發原發性腹膜炎的療效。方法:98例病例隨機分成治療組(51例)和對照組(47例),治療組使用莫西沙星注射液400mg,靜滴,1次 /天;對照組使用頭孢哌酮/舒巴坦鈉2g+左氧氟沙星注射液0.2g,靜滴,2次/次,療程7~10天。結果:治療組總有效率為90.2%,明顯高于對照組72.3%(Plt;0.05),并且能較快緩解患者感染的癥狀和體征,不良反應發生率僅為3.9%。結論:莫西沙星是治療肝硬化并發原發性腹膜炎安全有效的藥物
Objective To assess the effectiveness and safety of moxifloxacin versus levofloxacin for the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods Such databases as PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI and VIP were electronically searched, and the relevant conference proceedings were also hand-searched. The search time was up to July, 2011. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on moxifloxacin versus levofloxacin for AECOPD were included. Literature was screened according to inclusive and exclusive criteria, data were extracted, quality was assessed, and then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0. Results A total of 6 RCTs involving 482 patients with AECOPD were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that moxifloxacin group was significantly superior to levofloxacin group in the effective rate (OR=3.15, 95%CI 1.80 to 5.49, Plt;0.000 1). The bacterial clearance rate in moxifloxacin group was also higher than that in the levofloxacin group (OR=2.79, 95%CI 1.30 to 5.97, P=0.008). In addition, adverse effects of moxifloxacin group were less than levofloxacin (OR=0.48, 95%CI 0.24 to 0.98, P=0.04). Conclusion Based on current studies, moxifloxacin is superior to levofloxacin in improving effective rate and bacterial clearance rate, and in lowering side effects when treating AECOPD. Hence it is considerable to use moxifloxacin instead of levofloxacin in the treatment of AECOPD if necessary. Due to the limitation of both quantity and quality of included studies, this conclusion should be further confirmed with more high quality and large sample studies.
目的:探討莫西沙星注射液應用在中重度急性腹腔感染治療中的臨床療效與安全性。方法:共納入31 例患者,隨機分為羅氏芬加甲硝唑治療組(對照),羅氏芬2 g,每日1次,甲硝唑0.5 g,每日2次;莫西沙星治療組,莫西沙星400mg,每日1次,均為靜脈滴注,療程為7~14 天。結果:兩組的痊愈率分別為80 ％和81.25 ％,有效率分別為86.67 ％和87.5 ％,細菌清除率分別為91.67%與90%。組間比較差異均無統計學意義。兩組的不良反應發生分別為2／15和 1／16,主要表現為局部刺激及轉氨酶升高等。結論:莫西沙星注射液治療中重度腹腔細菌感染療效確切,安全性好。
Objective To compare the systematic and lung pharmacokinetic parameters of moxifloxacin hydrochloride and explore a feasible tool to monitor drug concentration and evaluate therapeutic efficacy of respiratory fluoroquinolones. Methods Ten adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia or acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis were enrolled.The subjects received a single dose of oral moxifloxacin hydrochloride 400 mg. Serum specimens were sampled at 0，1，2，3，4，8，24 h and sputum specimens were collected 0，1，2，4，8，20，24 h after administration，respectively.The serum and sputum concentrations of moxifloxacin hydrochloride were assayed by means of high-performance liquid chromatography. Standard pharmacokinetic parameters including peak concentrations(Cmax) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-24 h) were assessed. Results Serum C(max) was（5.95±1.35）mg/L at 2 hours and serum AUC0-24 h was (58.72±8.11）mg·h-1·L-1 while sputum Cmax and AUC0-24 h were （16.18±6.47）mg/L at 3 hours and （138.04±78.29）mg·h-1·L-1 respectively，which were significantly higher than those in serum. Conclusion Oral administration of moxifloxacin hydrochloride to patients with respiratory infections results in rapid penetration into lung and maintain a one-fold drug concentration compared to blood concentration within 24 hours.Sputum drug concentration analysis demonstrates a superior pharmacokinetic profile of moxifloxacin in respiratory tract.
【摘要】 目的 探討莫西沙星對急性肺膿腫治療的臨床療效及安全性分析。方法 選擇2008年6月—2009年6月收治的36例急性肺膿腫患者,隨機分為莫西沙星組和對照組,分別給予靜脈滴注莫西沙星和頭孢哌酮舒巴坦聯合替硝唑治療。比較兩組療效及安全性。結果 莫西沙星組和對照組總有效率分別為90.63%、93.75%;細菌敏感性分別為73.3%、86.7%;細菌清除率分別為83.7%、92.4%;不良反應總發率分別為16.7%、11.1%。兩組比較無統計學差異(Pgt;005)。結論 經驗性莫西沙星治療急性肺膿腫的療效及安全性與頭孢哌酮舒巴坦聯合替硝唑相似。但莫西沙星治療費用低且利于口服序貫治療而更具有優勢,可推薦作為經驗性或首選用藥。
ObjectiveTo systemically review the efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin for mycoplasma pneumoniae. MethodsSuch databases as PubMed, The Cochrane library (Issue 4, 2014), ISI, CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data were searched from inception to April 2014 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning moxifloxacin for mycoplasma pneumoniae. Two reviewers screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extract data, and assess methodological quality of included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. ResultsA total of 16 RCTs involving 1 401 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that:compared with erythrocin or azithromycin, moxifloxacin had higher recovery rate (OR=2.35, 95%CI 1.76 to 3.15, P<0.000 01), higher bacterium negative rate (OR=3.74, 95%CI 1.76 to 7.96, P=0.000 6), and shorter fever clearance time (MD=-1.07, 95%CI -1.43 to -0.71, P<0.000 01); compared with azithromycin alone, moxifloxacin combined with azithromycin had higher recovery rate (OR=1.63, 95%CI 1.09 to 2.42, P=0.02), higher bacterium negative rate (OR=5.78, 95%CI 2.41 to 13.84, P<0.000 1), and shorter fever clearance time (MD=-0.99, 95%CI -1.52 to -0.47, P=0.000 2). In addition, there was a lower incidence of liver damage (OR=0.16, 95%CI 0.04 to 0.72, P=0.02) in patients who took moxifloxacin compared with erythromycin or azithromycin. No significant difference was found in the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reaction between the two groups. ConclusionMoxifloxacin for mycoplasma pneumonia is more effective than macrolides (erythrocin or azithromycin) with a lower incidence of adverse reaction. Due to limited quantity and quality of the included studies, the above conclusion should be further verified by conducting more high quality, large scale, multicentre RCTs.