Objective To describe and compare the distributions of aminoglycosides modifying enzymes ( AMEs) in imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( IRPA) collected from5 cities in China. Methods A total of 146 strains of IRPA were collected from 5 cities of China ( Chengdu, Hangzhou, Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou) . The polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) were used to amplify the genes of AMEs in IRPA. Results Six positive genotypes were amplified out of 16 genotypes of AMEs by PCR. The total positive rate of AMEs is 65. 06% . The positive rates of genes of aac( 3) -Ⅱ, aac( 6′) -Ⅰ, aac( 6′) -Ⅱ, ant( 2″) -Ⅰ, ant ( 3″) -Ⅰ and aph( 3′) -Ⅵ were 33. 6% , 15. 8% , 19. 9% , 28. 8% , 14. 4%, and 4. 8% , respectively. The genotypes of AMEs were discrepant in different areas as 6 genotypes in Huangzhou and Shanghai, 4 genotypes in Chengdu and Beijing, and 3 genotypes in Guangzhou. Conclusion The results show that the positive rate of AMEs genes is high in IRPA, and the distribution is discrepant among different areas.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of domestic ambroxol hydrochloride injection in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infection. Methods A total of 120 patients with respiratory tract infections were included and randomized into the treatment group (ambroxol hydrochloride injection 30mg, iv, q12h) and the control group (mucosolvan ampoule 30mg, iv, q12h). The duration of treatment was 6 days. Results 118 patients completed the trial, 59 in each group. From Day 1 to Day 6, the severity scores of cough, sputum amount, difficulty in expectoration and rales were similar between the two groups (Pgt;0.05), but a significant difference was observed in the nature of sputum (Plt;0.05). The total effective rates of the treatment group and the control group were 96.6% (FAS analysis and PP analysis) or 93.3% (FAS analysis), and 94.9% (PP analysis), respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (Pgt;0.05). The incidence of adverse effects was comparable between the two groups (1.7% vs. 0%, Pgt;0.05), and no severe adverse effect was observed. Conclusion The efficacy of domestic ambroxol hydrochloride injection in the treatment of lower respiratory infection was equal to that of mucosolvan ampoule, and it can even further improve the nature of sputum. Ambroxol hydrochloride was as safe as mucosolvan ampoule.
ObjectiveTo understand basic characteristics and clinical features of tuberculosis in Mianyang, Sichuan, and to investigate the risk factors of two case-finding methods for tuberculosis:"passive finding" and "active screening". MethodsOne-hundred and seventy-five active tuberculosis patients screened by physical examination in 21 villages of Fucheng and Jiangyou from June 2013 to March 2014 were included. Information about basic characteristics and clinical features of tuberculosis was collected using questionnaire, chest X-ray and laboratory examinations. We also applied binary logistic regression to explore the risk factors of finding for tuberculosis. ResultsIn all 175 tuberculosis patients, 41.71% were over 60 years old and 73.71% were farmers. Productive cough over two weeks was the most common symptom, accountting for 58.29%. 19.63% were sputum smear-positive while 70.87% were PPD-positive. Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that tuberculosis history significantly influenced the findings for tuberculosis (OR=15.809,95%CI: 6.708~37.258). ConclusionsActive tuberculosis patients screened by physical examination in Mianyang, Sichuan were mainly elderly male over 60 years old and farmers, with single pulmonary symptom as the primary clinical feature. The patients with tuberculosis history may be found by "passive finding".
ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemiology of tuberculosis in Mianyang city, and investigate its risk factors to provide scientific evidence for tuberculosis prevention and management. MethodsA stratified cluster random sampling method was applied and 184094 residents were recruited in the study. The prevalence of tuberculosis was analyzed by questionnaires, physical examinations, X-ray, and laboratory tests. The risk factors of tuberculosis were analyzed by binary logistic regression method. ResultsOne hundred and seventy-five subjects were diagnosed with active tuberculosis, and the incidence of tuberculosis was 95.06 per thousand. There were 32 smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients, and the incidence was 17.38/100 per thousand. Males, farmers and workers, diabetes, family history of tuberculosis, smoking, drinking were risk factors for tuberculosis. ConclusionsThe prevalence of tuberculosis in Mianyang city is similar with the whole country. Male, farmers and workers, diabetes, family history of tuberculosis, smoking, and drinking maybe the risk factors of tuberculosis.