太極拳運動對老年人平衡功能和跌倒預防效果的Meta分析_《中國循證醫學雜志》

作者：

趙媛 ¹ ,  王燕 ¹ , 徐旭東 ¹ , 劉雅莉 ²

1. 天津中醫藥大學（天津 300193）；2. 蘭州大學循證醫學中心（蘭州 730000）;

關鍵詞：

太極拳平衡功能老年系統評價 Meta分析隨機對照試驗

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20130058

視頻：

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摘要 全文 圖表 視頻 參考文獻 施引文獻 補充材料

目的　系統評價太極拳運動對老年人平衡功能和跌倒預防效果的影響。
方法　計算機檢索PubMed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library（2012年第8期）、EMbase、CBM、CNKI、VIP和WanFang Data等數據庫中有關太極拳運動對老年人平衡功能和預防跌倒的隨機對照試驗（RCT），檢索時限均為2000～2012年，并追溯納入研究的參考文獻。按照納入和排除標準篩選文獻、提取資料并評價納入研究的方法學質量后，采用RevMan 5.1軟件進行Meta分析。
結果　共納入6個RCT，合計2 796例患者。Meta分析結果顯示：太極拳組在降低老年人跌倒的發生率［RR=0.82，95%CI（0.73，0.92），P=0.000 6］、減少起立行走時間［MD=0.71，95%CI（0.29，1.12），P=0.000 9］、增加功能性伸展距離［MD=0.78，95%CI（0.33，1.23），P=0.000 7］和Berg平衡量表得分［MD=2.45，95%CI（1.47，3.43），P lt;0.000 01］方面均明顯優于對照組，其差異均有統計學意義。
結論　太極拳運動可降低老年人跌倒的發生，提高平衡功能。

引用本文： 趙媛,王燕,徐旭東,劉雅莉. 太極拳運動對老年人平衡功能和跌倒預防效果的Meta分析. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2013, 13(3): 339-345. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20130058 復制

1.	Rose DJ. Preventing falls among older adults: no "one size suits all" intervention strategy. J Rehabil Res Dev, 2008, 45(8): 1153-1166.
2.	Neyens JC, Dijcks BP, Twisk J, et al. A multifactorial intervention for the prevention of falls in psychogeriatric nursing home patients, a randomisedcontrolled trial (RCT). Age Ageing, 2009, 38(2): 194-199.
3.	Greenspan AI, Wolf SL, Kelley ME, et al. Tai chi and perceived health status in older adults who are transitionally frail: a randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther, 2007, 87(5): 525-535.
4.	Brian F, Stephen S, Tatyana K, et al. Tai Chi and Low Impact Exercise: Effects on the Physical Functioning and Psychological Well-Being of Older People. J Appl Gerontol, 2007, 26(5): 433-453.
5.	Chyu MC, James CR, Sawyer SF, et al. Effects of tai chi exercise on posturography, gait, physical function and quality of life in postmenopausal womenwith osteopaenia: a randomized clinical study. Clin Rehabil, 2010, 24(12): 1080-1090.
6.	Higgins PT, Green S. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org.
7.	Lelard T, Doutrellot PL, David P, et al. Effects of a 12-Week Tai Chi Chuan Program Versus a Balance Training Program on Postural Control and Walking Ability in Older People. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2010, 91(1): 9-14.
8.	Woo J, Hong A, Lau E, et al. A randomised controlled trial of Tai Chi and resistance exercise on bone health, muscle strength and balance in community-living elderly people. Age Ageing, 2007, 36(3): 262-268.
9.	Maciaszek J, Osiński W, Szeklicki R, et al. Effect of Tai Chi on body balance: randomized controlled trial in men with osteopenia or osteoporosis. Am J Chin Med, 2007, 35(1): 1-9.
10.	Li F, Harmer P, Fisher KJ, et al. Tai Chi: Improving Functional Balance and Predicting Subsequent Falls in Older Persons. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2004, 36(12): 2046-2052.
11.	Tousignant M, Corriveau H, Roy PM, et al. The effect of supervised Tai Chi intervention compared to a physiotherapy program on fall-related clinical outcomes: a randomized clinical trial. Disabil Rehabil, 2012, 34(3): 196–201.
12.	Taylor D, Hale L, Schluter P, et al. Effectiveness of tai chi as a community-based falls prevention intervention: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2012, 60(5): 841-848.
13.	Faber MJ, Bosscher RJ, Chin A Paw MJ, et al. Effects of exercise programs on falls and mobility in frail and pre-frail older adults: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2006, 87(7): 885-896.
14.	Wolf SL, O’Grady M, Easley KA, et al. The influence of intense Tai Chi training on physical performance and hemodynamic outcomes in transitionally frail, older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2006, 61(2): 184-189.
15.	Voukelatos A, Cumming RG, Lord SR, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of tai chi for the prevention of falls: the Central Sydney tai chi trial. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2007, 55(8): 1185-1191.
16.	Li F, Harmer P, Fisher KJ, et al. Tai Chi and fall reductions in older adults: a randomized controlled trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2005, 60(2): 187-194.
17.	Chang JT, Morton SC, Rubenstein LZ, et al. Interventions for the prevention of falls in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. BMJ, 2004, 328(7441): 680.
18.	Wolfson L, Whipple R, Derby C, et al. Balance and strength training in older adults: intervention gains and Tai Chi maintenance. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1996, 44(5): 498-506.
19.	Lajoie Y, Gallagher SP. Predicting falls within the elderly community: comparison of postural sway, reaction time, the Berg balance scale and the Activities-specific Balance Cofidence(ABC) scale for comparing fallers. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2004, 38(1): 11-26.
20.	Christou EA, Yang Y, Rosengren KS. Taiji training improves knee extensor strength and force control in older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2003, 58(8): 763-766.
21.	Duncan PW, Studenski S, Chandler J, et al. Functional reach: predictive validity in a sample of elderly male veterans. J Gerontol, 1992, 47(3): M93-98.

1. Rose DJ. Preventing falls among older adults: no "one size suits all" intervention strategy. J Rehabil Res Dev, 2008, 45(8): 1153-1166.
2. Neyens JC, Dijcks BP, Twisk J, et al. A multifactorial intervention for the prevention of falls in psychogeriatric nursing home patients, a randomisedcontrolled trial (RCT). Age Ageing, 2009, 38(2): 194-199.
3. Greenspan AI, Wolf SL, Kelley ME, et al. Tai chi and perceived health status in older adults who are transitionally frail: a randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther, 2007, 87(5): 525-535.
4. Brian F, Stephen S, Tatyana K, et al. Tai Chi and Low Impact Exercise: Effects on the Physical Functioning and Psychological Well-Being of Older People. J Appl Gerontol, 2007, 26(5): 433-453.
5. Chyu MC, James CR, Sawyer SF, et al. Effects of tai chi exercise on posturography, gait, physical function and quality of life in postmenopausal womenwith osteopaenia: a randomized clinical study. Clin Rehabil, 2010, 24(12): 1080-1090.
6. Higgins PT, Green S. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org.
7. Lelard T, Doutrellot PL, David P, et al. Effects of a 12-Week Tai Chi Chuan Program Versus a Balance Training Program on Postural Control and Walking Ability in Older People. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2010, 91(1): 9-14.
8. Woo J, Hong A, Lau E, et al. A randomised controlled trial of Tai Chi and resistance exercise on bone health, muscle strength and balance in community-living elderly people. Age Ageing, 2007, 36(3): 262-268.
9. Maciaszek J, Osiński W, Szeklicki R, et al. Effect of Tai Chi on body balance: randomized controlled trial in men with osteopenia or osteoporosis. Am J Chin Med, 2007, 35(1): 1-9.
10. Li F, Harmer P, Fisher KJ, et al. Tai Chi: Improving Functional Balance and Predicting Subsequent Falls in Older Persons. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2004, 36(12): 2046-2052.
11. Tousignant M, Corriveau H, Roy PM, et al. The effect of supervised Tai Chi intervention compared to a physiotherapy program on fall-related clinical outcomes: a randomized clinical trial. Disabil Rehabil, 2012, 34(3): 196–201.
12. Taylor D, Hale L, Schluter P, et al. Effectiveness of tai chi as a community-based falls prevention intervention: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2012, 60(5): 841-848.
13. Faber MJ, Bosscher RJ, Chin A Paw MJ, et al. Effects of exercise programs on falls and mobility in frail and pre-frail older adults: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2006, 87(7): 885-896.
14. Wolf SL, O’Grady M, Easley KA, et al. The influence of intense Tai Chi training on physical performance and hemodynamic outcomes in transitionally frail, older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2006, 61(2): 184-189.
15. Voukelatos A, Cumming RG, Lord SR, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of tai chi for the prevention of falls: the Central Sydney tai chi trial. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2007, 55(8): 1185-1191.
16. Li F, Harmer P, Fisher KJ, et al. Tai Chi and fall reductions in older adults: a randomized controlled trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2005, 60(2): 187-194.
17. Chang JT, Morton SC, Rubenstein LZ, et al. Interventions for the prevention of falls in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. BMJ, 2004, 328(7441): 680.
18. Wolfson L, Whipple R, Derby C, et al. Balance and strength training in older adults: intervention gains and Tai Chi maintenance. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1996, 44(5): 498-506.
19. Lajoie Y, Gallagher SP. Predicting falls within the elderly community: comparison of postural sway, reaction time, the Berg balance scale and the Activities-specific Balance Cofidence(ABC) scale for comparing fallers. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2004, 38(1): 11-26.
20. Christou EA, Yang Y, Rosengren KS. Taiji training improves knee extensor strength and force control in older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2003, 58(8): 763-766.
21. Duncan PW, Studenski S, Chandler J, et al. Functional reach: predictive validity in a sample of elderly male veterans. J Gerontol, 1992, 47(3): M93-98.

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太極拳運動對老年人平衡功能和跌倒預防效果的Meta分析

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太極拳運動對老年人平衡功能和跌倒預防效果的Meta分析

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