不同途徑過繼回輸致耐受樹突狀細胞延長小鼠移植心臟存活研究的系統評價△_《中國循證醫學雜志》

作者：

吳文橋 ¹ , 單娟 ¹ ,  李幼平 ^1,2 , 羅蕾 ¹ , 孫桂香 ¹ , 周彥妮 ¹ , 楊彤 ¹ , 夏夢娟 ¹ , 郭穎嘉 ¹ , 馮莉 ¹

1. 四川大學華西醫院衛生部移植工程與移植免疫重點實驗室（成都 610041）；2. 四川大學華西醫院中國循證醫學中心（成都 610041）;

關鍵詞：

動物實驗致耐受樹突狀細胞過繼回輸心臟移植系統評價

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20120224

視頻：

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目的　系統評價采用不同途徑過繼回輸致耐受樹突狀細胞（tolerogenic dendritic cells，Tol-DCs）對移植心臟存活的影響及可能機制。
方法　計算機檢索PubMed、EMbase和ISI，查找關于過繼回輸Tol-DCs對移植物存活影響的動物實驗，檢索時限均從建庫至2011年3月5日。參照循證醫學系統評價的方法，以同種異體移植心臟存活時間為終點指標，分析Tol-DCs對移植心臟存活的影響；通過整合納入文獻信息，總結Tol-DCs延長移植物存活的機制。
結果　最終納入44篇文獻，含4種Tol-DCs誘導方式，包括過繼回輸基因修飾、藥物干預、細胞因子誘導及其他源性（脾源、肝源）Tol-DCs。納入研究多數采用一次性尾靜脈輸注2×106 Tol-DCs。我們采用森林圖呈現實驗組和未處理組移植心臟存活時間，半定量評價4種誘導方式產生的Tol-DCs對移植心臟存活時間的影響。結果顯示4種Tol-DCs均能有效延長移植心臟的存活時間，基因修飾組平均延長存活時間為22.02±21.9 d（3.2倍于對照組），藥物誘導組為25.94±16.9 d（4.3倍），細胞因子誘導組為9.00±8.13 d（1.9倍），其他源性Tol-DCs組為10.69±9.94 d（2.1倍）。與英文摘要保持一致：過繼回輸Tol-DC延長移植物存活的機制有：（1）誘導T細胞低反應性（MLR）；（2）削弱對移植物的細胞毒性殺傷效應（CTL）；（3）誘導T細胞向Th2偏移（CK）；（4）誘生Treg。
結論　對MHC全錯配近交系同種異體心臟移植受者小鼠，過繼回輸基因修飾、藥物干預、細胞因子誘導及其他源性（脾源、肝源）Tol-DCs均可顯著延長移植物存活或誘導免疫耐受。其中以基因修飾和藥物誘導的Tol-DCs 延長存活時間效果最為顯著，且過繼回輸基因修飾的可靠性和穩定性強于藥物誘導。

引用本文： 吳文橋,單娟,李幼平,羅蕾,孫桂香,周彥妮,楊彤,夏夢娟,郭穎嘉,馮莉. 不同途徑過繼回輸致耐受樹突狀細胞延長小鼠移植心臟存活研究的系統評價△. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2012, 12(12): 1432-1445. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20120224 復制

1.	Steinman RM, Hawiger D, Nussenzweig MC. Tolerogenic dendritic cells. Annu Rev Immunol, 2003, 21: 685.
2.	Jonas S, Ayigari V, Viera D, et al. Neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia. A review of animal studies and correlation with human trial results. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1999, 890: 2-3.
3.	Macleod MR, O’Collins T, Howells DW, et al. Pooling of Animal Experimental Data Reveals Influence of Study Design and Publication Bias. Stroke, 2004, 35: 1203-1208.
4.	Chun-tao Z, Juan S, Li F, et al. Effects of Immunosuppressive Drugs on CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Basic Research. Chin J Evid-based Med, 2010, 10(6): 740-748.
5.	李幼平, 唐勇, 李永勝, 等. 慢性移植物失功的器官特異性: 基于OPTN數據的分析. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2008, 8(11): 972-979.
6.	Giannoukakis N, Bonham CA, Qian S, et al. Prolongation of cardiac allograft survival using dendritic cells treated with NF-kB decoy oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Mol Ther, 2000, 1(5 Pt 1): 430-437.
7.	Bonham CA, Peng L, Liang X, et al. Marked prolongation of cardiac allograft survival by dendritic cells genetically engineered with NF-kappa B oligodeoxyribonucleotide decoys and adenoviral vectors encoding CTLA4-Ig. J Immunol, 2002, 169(6): 3382-3391.
8.	Tiao MM, Lu L, Tao R, et al. Application of Recipient-Derived Dendritic Cells to Induce Donor-Speci?c T-Cell hyporesponsiveness. Transplant Proc, 2004, 36(5): 1592-1594.
9.	Tiao MM, Lu L, Tao R, et al. Prolongation of cardiac allograft survival by systemic administration of immature recipient dendritic cells deficient in NF-kappaB activity. Ann Surg, 2005, 241(3): 497-505.
10.	Tao R, Wang L, Chen CH, et al. Mechanistic insights into achievement of cardiac allograft long-term survival by treatment with immature dendritic cells and sub-dose sirolimus. J Heart Lung Transplant, 2006, 25(3): 310-319.
11.	Xu DL, Liu Y, Tan JM, et al. Marked prolongation of murine cardiac allograft survival using recipient immature dendritic cells loaded with donor-derived apoptotic cells. Scand J Immunol, 2004, 59(6): 536-544.
12.	Li M, Zhang X, Zheng X, et al. Immune modulation and tolerance induction by RelB-silenced dendritic cells through RNA interference. J Immunol, 2007, 178(9): 5480-5487.
13.	Zhang X, Li M, Min WP. Preventing immune rejection through gene silencing. Methods Mol Biol, 2010, 623: 357-371.
14.	Kaneko K, Wang Z, Kim SH, et al. Dendritic cells genetically engineered to express IL-4 exhibit enhanced IL-12p70 production in response to CD40 ligation and accelerate organ allograft rejection. Gene Ther, 2003, 10(2): 143-152.
15.	Zhang M, Wang Q, Liu Y, et al. Effective induction of immune tolerance by portal venous infusion with IL-10 gene-modified immature dendritic cells leading to prolongation of allograft survival. J Mol Med, 2004, 82(4): 240-249.
16.	Sun W, He X, Guo Z, et al. IL-12p40-overexpressing immature dendritic cells induce T cell hyporesponsiveness in vitro but accelerate allograft rejection in vivo: role of NK cell activation and interferon-gamma production. Immunol Lett, 2004, 94(3): 191-199.
17.	Sun W, Wang Q, Zhang L, et al. TGF-beta(1) gene modified immature dendritic cells exhibit enhanced tolerogenicity but induce allograft fibrosis in vivo. J Mol Med, 2002, 80(8): 514-523.
18.	Takayama T, Kaneko K, Morelli AE, et al. Retroviral delivery of transforming growth factor-beta1 to myeloid dendritic cells: inhibition of T-cell priming ability and influence on allograft survival. Transplantation, 2002, 74(1): 112-119.
19.	Liang X, Lu L, Chen Z, et al. Administration of dendritic cells transduced with antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides targeting CD80 or CD86 prolongs allograft survival. Transplantation, 2003, 76(4): 721-729.
20.	Xiang J, Gu X, Qian S, et al. Graded function of CD80 and CD86 in initiation of T-cell immune response and cardiac allograft survival. Transpl Int, 2008, 21(2): 163-168.
21.	Sun W, Wang Q, Zhang L, et al. Blockade of CD40 pathway enhances the induction of immune tolerance by immature dendritic cells genetically modified to express cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 immunoglobulin. Transplantation, 2003, 76(9): 1351-1359.
22.	Wang Q, Liu Y, Wang J, et al. Induction of allospecific tolerance by immature dendritic cells genetically modified to express soluble TNF receptor. J Immunol, 2006, 177(4): 2175-2185.
23.	Fu H, Song S, Liu F, et al. Dendritic cells transduced with SOCS1 gene exhibit regulatory DC properties and prolong allograft survival. Cell Mol Immunol, 2009 6(2): 87-95.
24.	Min WP, Gorczynski R, Huang XY, et al. Dendritic cells genetically engineered to express Fas ligand induce donor-specific hyporesponsiveness and prolong allograft survival. J Immunol, 2000, 164(1): 161-167.
25.	Garrod KR, Chang CK, Liu FC, et al. Targeted lymphoid homing of dendritic cells is required for prolongation of allograft survival. J Immunol, 2006, 177(2): 863-868.
26.	Li B, Koide Y, Uchijima M, et al. Pretreatment of recipients with mitomycin-C-treated dendritic cells induces significant prolongation of cardiac allograft survival in mice. Transplant Proc, 2002, 34(8): 3426-3428.
27.	Huang YL, Wang YZ, Chen JB, et al. Prevention of acute and chronic allograft rejection by combinations of tolerogenic dendritic cells. Scand J Immunol, 2011, 73(2): 91-101.
28.	Taner T, Hackstein H, Wang Z, et al. Rapamycin-treated, alloantigen-pulsed host dendritic cells induce ag-specific T cell regulation and prolong graft survival. Am J Transplant, 2005, 5(2): 228-236.
29.	Turnquist HR, Raimondi G, Zahorchak AF, et al. Rapamycin-conditioned dendritic cells are poor stimulators of allogeneic CD4+ T cells, but enrich for antigen-specific Foxp3+ T regulatory cells and promote organ transplant tolerance. J Immunol, 2007, 178(11): 7018-7031.
30.	Emmer PM, van der Vlag J, Adema GJ, et al. Dendritic cells activated by lipopolysaccharide after dexamethasone treatment induce donor-specific allograft hyporesponsiveness. Transplantation, 2006, 81(10):1451-1459.
31.	Su G, Zhao WZ, Chen JJ, et al. Pretreatment of donor dendritic cells with NBD-peptide prolongs mouse cardiac allograft survival. Journal of Southern Medical University, 2008, 28(9): 1562-1567.
32.	Han CH, Li HF, Wang YX, et al. The influence of mycophenolate mofetil upon the maturation and allostimulatory activity of cultured dendritic cell progenitors and the effects of tolerance induction in allograft recipients. National Medical Journal of China, 2005, 85(19): 1327-1332.
33.	Kaneko K, Morelli AE, Wang Z, et al. Alloantigen presentation by ethylcarbodiimide-treated dendritic cells induces T cell hyporesponsiveness, and prolongs organ graft survival. Clin Immunol, 2003, 108(3): 190-198.
34.	Zhang X, Li M, Lian D, et al. Generation of therapeutic dendritic cells and regulatory T cells for preventing allogeneic cardiac graft rejection. Clin Immunol, 2008, 127(3): 313-321.
35.	Heng Y, Ma Y, Yin H, et al. Adoptive transfer of FTY720-treated immature BMDCs significantly prolonged cardiac allograft survival. Transpl Int, 2010, 23(12): 1259-1270.
36.	Wang Q, Zhang M, Ding G, et al. Anti-ICAM-1 antibody and CTLA-4Ig synergistically enhance immature dendritic cells to induce donor-specific immune tolerance in vivo. Immunol Lett, 2003, 90(1): 33-42.
37.	Oh BC, Lee HM, Lim DP, et al. Effect of Immature Dendritic Cell Injection Before Heterotropic Cardiac Allograft. Transplantation Proceedings, 2006, 38: 3189-3192.
38.	Fu F, Li Y, Qian S, et al. Costimulatory molecule-deficient dendritic cell progenitors (MHC class II+, CD80dim, CD86-) prolong cardiac allograft survival in nonimmunosuppressed recipients. Transplantation, 1996, 62(5): 659-665.
39.	Lu L, Li W, Zhong C, et al. Increased apoptosis of immunoreactive host cells and augmented donor leukocyte chimerism, not sustained inhibition of B7 molecule expression are associated with prolonged cardiac allograft survival in mice preconditioned with immature donor dendritic cells plus anti-CD40L mAb. Transplantation, 1999, 68(6): 747-757.
40.	Lutz MB, Suri RM, Niimi M, et al. Immature dendritic cells generated with low doses of GM-CSF in the absence of IL-4 are maturation resistant and prolong allograft survival in vivo. Eur J Immunol, 2000, 30(7): 1813-1822.
41.	Hikawa H, Lotze MT, Rosenblum WD. Induction of peripheral tolerance by local delivery of dendritic cell progenitors to cardiac allografts in a murine heterotopic heart transplantation model. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2007, 55(8): 307-314.
42.	Lu L, Li W, Fu F, et al. Blockade of the CD40-CD40 ligand pathway potentiates the capacity of donor-derived dendritic cell progenitors to induce long-term cardiac allograft survival. Transplantation, 1997, 64(12): 1808-1815.
43.	Lan YY, Wang Z, Raimondi G, et al. "Alternatively activated" dendritic cells preferentially secrete IL-10, expand Foxp3+CD4+ T cells, and induce long-term organ allograft survival in combination with CTLA4-Ig. J Immunol, 2006, 177(9): 5868-5877.
44.	O’Connell PJ, Li W, Wang Z, et al. Immature and mature CD8alpha+ dendritic cells prolong the survival of vascularized heart allografts. J Immunol, 2002, 168(1): 143-154.
45.	Niimi M, Shirasugi N, Ikeda Y, et al. Operational tolerance induced by pretreatment with donor dendritic cells under blockade of CD40 pathway. Transplantation, 2001, 72(9): 1556-1562.
46.	Gao JX, Madrenas J, Zeng W, et al. CD40-deficient dendritic cells producing interleukin-10, but not interleukin-12, induce T-cell hyporesponsiveness in vitro and prevent acute allograft rejection. Immunology, 1999, 98(2):159-170.
47.	Wu W, Zheng N, Wang Y, et al. Immune regulatory activity of liver-derived dendritic cells generated in vivo. Microsurgery, 2006, 26(1): 17-20.
48.	Liang X, Chen Z, Fung JJ, et al. Regulatory dendritic cells modulate immune responses via induction of T-cell apoptotic death. Microsurgery, 2006, 26(1): 21-24.
49.	Abe M, Wang Z, de Creus A, et al. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors induce allogeneic T-cell hyporesponsiveness and prolong heart graft survival. Am J Transplant, 2005, 5(8): 1808-1819.

1. Steinman RM, Hawiger D, Nussenzweig MC. Tolerogenic dendritic cells. Annu Rev Immunol, 2003, 21: 685.
2. Jonas S, Ayigari V, Viera D, et al. Neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia. A review of animal studies and correlation with human trial results. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1999, 890: 2-3.
3. Macleod MR, O’Collins T, Howells DW, et al. Pooling of Animal Experimental Data Reveals Influence of Study Design and Publication Bias. Stroke, 2004, 35: 1203-1208.
4. Chun-tao Z, Juan S, Li F, et al. Effects of Immunosuppressive Drugs on CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Basic Research. Chin J Evid-based Med, 2010, 10(6): 740-748.
5. 李幼平, 唐勇, 李永勝, 等. 慢性移植物失功的器官特異性: 基于OPTN數據的分析. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2008, 8(11): 972-979.
6. Giannoukakis N, Bonham CA, Qian S, et al. Prolongation of cardiac allograft survival using dendritic cells treated with NF-kB decoy oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Mol Ther, 2000, 1(5 Pt 1): 430-437.
7. Bonham CA, Peng L, Liang X, et al. Marked prolongation of cardiac allograft survival by dendritic cells genetically engineered with NF-kappa B oligodeoxyribonucleotide decoys and adenoviral vectors encoding CTLA4-Ig. J Immunol, 2002, 169(6): 3382-3391.
8. Tiao MM, Lu L, Tao R, et al. Application of Recipient-Derived Dendritic Cells to Induce Donor-Speci?c T-Cell hyporesponsiveness. Transplant Proc, 2004, 36(5): 1592-1594.
9. Tiao MM, Lu L, Tao R, et al. Prolongation of cardiac allograft survival by systemic administration of immature recipient dendritic cells deficient in NF-kappaB activity. Ann Surg, 2005, 241(3): 497-505.
10. Tao R, Wang L, Chen CH, et al. Mechanistic insights into achievement of cardiac allograft long-term survival by treatment with immature dendritic cells and sub-dose sirolimus. J Heart Lung Transplant, 2006, 25(3): 310-319.
11. Xu DL, Liu Y, Tan JM, et al. Marked prolongation of murine cardiac allograft survival using recipient immature dendritic cells loaded with donor-derived apoptotic cells. Scand J Immunol, 2004, 59(6): 536-544.
12. Li M, Zhang X, Zheng X, et al. Immune modulation and tolerance induction by RelB-silenced dendritic cells through RNA interference. J Immunol, 2007, 178(9): 5480-5487.
13. Zhang X, Li M, Min WP. Preventing immune rejection through gene silencing. Methods Mol Biol, 2010, 623: 357-371.
14. Kaneko K, Wang Z, Kim SH, et al. Dendritic cells genetically engineered to express IL-4 exhibit enhanced IL-12p70 production in response to CD40 ligation and accelerate organ allograft rejection. Gene Ther, 2003, 10(2): 143-152.
15. Zhang M, Wang Q, Liu Y, et al. Effective induction of immune tolerance by portal venous infusion with IL-10 gene-modified immature dendritic cells leading to prolongation of allograft survival. J Mol Med, 2004, 82(4): 240-249.
16. Sun W, He X, Guo Z, et al. IL-12p40-overexpressing immature dendritic cells induce T cell hyporesponsiveness in vitro but accelerate allograft rejection in vivo: role of NK cell activation and interferon-gamma production. Immunol Lett, 2004, 94(3): 191-199.
17. Sun W, Wang Q, Zhang L, et al. TGF-beta(1) gene modified immature dendritic cells exhibit enhanced tolerogenicity but induce allograft fibrosis in vivo. J Mol Med, 2002, 80(8): 514-523.
18. Takayama T, Kaneko K, Morelli AE, et al. Retroviral delivery of transforming growth factor-beta1 to myeloid dendritic cells: inhibition of T-cell priming ability and influence on allograft survival. Transplantation, 2002, 74(1): 112-119.
19. Liang X, Lu L, Chen Z, et al. Administration of dendritic cells transduced with antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides targeting CD80 or CD86 prolongs allograft survival. Transplantation, 2003, 76(4): 721-729.
20. Xiang J, Gu X, Qian S, et al. Graded function of CD80 and CD86 in initiation of T-cell immune response and cardiac allograft survival. Transpl Int, 2008, 21(2): 163-168.
21. Sun W, Wang Q, Zhang L, et al. Blockade of CD40 pathway enhances the induction of immune tolerance by immature dendritic cells genetically modified to express cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 immunoglobulin. Transplantation, 2003, 76(9): 1351-1359.
22. Wang Q, Liu Y, Wang J, et al. Induction of allospecific tolerance by immature dendritic cells genetically modified to express soluble TNF receptor. J Immunol, 2006, 177(4): 2175-2185.
23. Fu H, Song S, Liu F, et al. Dendritic cells transduced with SOCS1 gene exhibit regulatory DC properties and prolong allograft survival. Cell Mol Immunol, 2009 6(2): 87-95.
24. Min WP, Gorczynski R, Huang XY, et al. Dendritic cells genetically engineered to express Fas ligand induce donor-specific hyporesponsiveness and prolong allograft survival. J Immunol, 2000, 164(1): 161-167.
25. Garrod KR, Chang CK, Liu FC, et al. Targeted lymphoid homing of dendritic cells is required for prolongation of allograft survival. J Immunol, 2006, 177(2): 863-868.
26. Li B, Koide Y, Uchijima M, et al. Pretreatment of recipients with mitomycin-C-treated dendritic cells induces significant prolongation of cardiac allograft survival in mice. Transplant Proc, 2002, 34(8): 3426-3428.
27. Huang YL, Wang YZ, Chen JB, et al. Prevention of acute and chronic allograft rejection by combinations of tolerogenic dendritic cells. Scand J Immunol, 2011, 73(2): 91-101.
28. Taner T, Hackstein H, Wang Z, et al. Rapamycin-treated, alloantigen-pulsed host dendritic cells induce ag-specific T cell regulation and prolong graft survival. Am J Transplant, 2005, 5(2): 228-236.
29. Turnquist HR, Raimondi G, Zahorchak AF, et al. Rapamycin-conditioned dendritic cells are poor stimulators of allogeneic CD4+ T cells, but enrich for antigen-specific Foxp3+ T regulatory cells and promote organ transplant tolerance. J Immunol, 2007, 178(11): 7018-7031.
30. Emmer PM, van der Vlag J, Adema GJ, et al. Dendritic cells activated by lipopolysaccharide after dexamethasone treatment induce donor-specific allograft hyporesponsiveness. Transplantation, 2006, 81(10):1451-1459.
31. Su G, Zhao WZ, Chen JJ, et al. Pretreatment of donor dendritic cells with NBD-peptide prolongs mouse cardiac allograft survival. Journal of Southern Medical University, 2008, 28(9): 1562-1567.
32. Han CH, Li HF, Wang YX, et al. The influence of mycophenolate mofetil upon the maturation and allostimulatory activity of cultured dendritic cell progenitors and the effects of tolerance induction in allograft recipients. National Medical Journal of China, 2005, 85(19): 1327-1332.
33. Kaneko K, Morelli AE, Wang Z, et al. Alloantigen presentation by ethylcarbodiimide-treated dendritic cells induces T cell hyporesponsiveness, and prolongs organ graft survival. Clin Immunol, 2003, 108(3): 190-198.
34. Zhang X, Li M, Lian D, et al. Generation of therapeutic dendritic cells and regulatory T cells for preventing allogeneic cardiac graft rejection. Clin Immunol, 2008, 127(3): 313-321.
35. Heng Y, Ma Y, Yin H, et al. Adoptive transfer of FTY720-treated immature BMDCs significantly prolonged cardiac allograft survival. Transpl Int, 2010, 23(12): 1259-1270.
36. Wang Q, Zhang M, Ding G, et al. Anti-ICAM-1 antibody and CTLA-4Ig synergistically enhance immature dendritic cells to induce donor-specific immune tolerance in vivo. Immunol Lett, 2003, 90(1): 33-42.
37. Oh BC, Lee HM, Lim DP, et al. Effect of Immature Dendritic Cell Injection Before Heterotropic Cardiac Allograft. Transplantation Proceedings, 2006, 38: 3189-3192.
38. Fu F, Li Y, Qian S, et al. Costimulatory molecule-deficient dendritic cell progenitors (MHC class II+, CD80dim, CD86-) prolong cardiac allograft survival in nonimmunosuppressed recipients. Transplantation, 1996, 62(5): 659-665.
39. Lu L, Li W, Zhong C, et al. Increased apoptosis of immunoreactive host cells and augmented donor leukocyte chimerism, not sustained inhibition of B7 molecule expression are associated with prolonged cardiac allograft survival in mice preconditioned with immature donor dendritic cells plus anti-CD40L mAb. Transplantation, 1999, 68(6): 747-757.
40. Lutz MB, Suri RM, Niimi M, et al. Immature dendritic cells generated with low doses of GM-CSF in the absence of IL-4 are maturation resistant and prolong allograft survival in vivo. Eur J Immunol, 2000, 30(7): 1813-1822.
41. Hikawa H, Lotze MT, Rosenblum WD. Induction of peripheral tolerance by local delivery of dendritic cell progenitors to cardiac allografts in a murine heterotopic heart transplantation model. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2007, 55(8): 307-314.
42. Lu L, Li W, Fu F, et al. Blockade of the CD40-CD40 ligand pathway potentiates the capacity of donor-derived dendritic cell progenitors to induce long-term cardiac allograft survival. Transplantation, 1997, 64(12): 1808-1815.
43. Lan YY, Wang Z, Raimondi G, et al. "Alternatively activated" dendritic cells preferentially secrete IL-10, expand Foxp3+CD4+ T cells, and induce long-term organ allograft survival in combination with CTLA4-Ig. J Immunol, 2006, 177(9): 5868-5877.
44. O’Connell PJ, Li W, Wang Z, et al. Immature and mature CD8alpha+ dendritic cells prolong the survival of vascularized heart allografts. J Immunol, 2002, 168(1): 143-154.
45. Niimi M, Shirasugi N, Ikeda Y, et al. Operational tolerance induced by pretreatment with donor dendritic cells under blockade of CD40 pathway. Transplantation, 2001, 72(9): 1556-1562.
46. Gao JX, Madrenas J, Zeng W, et al. CD40-deficient dendritic cells producing interleukin-10, but not interleukin-12, induce T-cell hyporesponsiveness in vitro and prevent acute allograft rejection. Immunology, 1999, 98(2):159-170.
47. Wu W, Zheng N, Wang Y, et al. Immune regulatory activity of liver-derived dendritic cells generated in vivo. Microsurgery, 2006, 26(1): 17-20.
48. Liang X, Chen Z, Fung JJ, et al. Regulatory dendritic cells modulate immune responses via induction of T-cell apoptotic death. Microsurgery, 2006, 26(1): 21-24.
49. Abe M, Wang Z, de Creus A, et al. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors induce allogeneic T-cell hyporesponsiveness and prolong heart graft survival. Am J Transplant, 2005, 5(8): 1808-1819.

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不同途徑過繼回輸致耐受樹突狀細胞延長小鼠移植心臟存活研究的系統評價△

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《中國循證醫學雜志》

不同途徑過繼回輸致耐受樹突狀細胞延長小鼠移植心臟存活研究的系統評價△

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