Advances in the prevention and treatment of venous thrombotic diseases after spinal cord injury_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

PAN Hongxia , DING Mingfu ,  HE Chengqi

Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

HE Chengqi, Email: hxkfhcq@126.com

Keywords：

Venous thrombotic disease; Spinal cord injury; Medical management; Ultrasonic elastic shear wave

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.201811046

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Spinal cord injury (SCI) patients are high-risk groups of hospitalized patients with venous thrombosis embolism (VTE). VTE is one of the important causes of inpatients’ unexpected death and perioperative accidental death, so SCI patients with VTE deserve special attention. In recent years, the risk factors, epidemiological characteristics, pathogenesis, and prevention of VTE have been further understood. We also have a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the treatment of venous thrombosis, including general prevention, drug, interventional surgery, rehabilitation, etc. Non-invasive examination, new therapeutic technologies, and new oral anticoagulant drugs have also greatly promoted the prevention and treatment of VTE. Meanwhile, prevention system of VTE has been developed from single subject work gradually to the multidisciplinary, multiple grades and doctor-patient cooperation mode, is no longer just dominated by clinical departments, but dominated by hospitals and even higher level department, and a more scientific and effective management mode has being under construction, all of these will further optimize the clinical prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis.

Citation： PAN Hongxia, DING Mingfu, HE Chengqi. Advances in the prevention and treatment of venous thrombotic diseases after spinal cord injury. West China Medical Journal, 2019, 34(5): 581-585. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.201811046 Copy

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3.	陳銀海, 劉敏, 何井華. 脊髓損傷患者流行病學調查. 實用醫學雜志, 2011, 27(6): 1032-1034.
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7.	楊梟雄, 于前進, 秦江, 等. 脊髓損傷住院患者1027例流行病學分析. 脊柱外科雜志, 2016, 14(5): 301-305.
8.	韓康, 趙廷寶, 卞娜, 等. 利伐沙班對脊髓損傷術后靜脈血栓栓塞性疾病的影響. 中國煤炭工業醫學雜志, 2015, 18(5): 692-695.
9.	Do JG, Kim du H, Sung DH. Incidence of deep vein thrombosis after spinal cord injury in Korean patients at acute rehabilitation unit. J Korean Med Sci, 2013, 28(9): 1382-1387.
10.	劉宏煒, 劉璐, 李軍, 等. 創傷性截癱患者康復早期下肢深靜脈血栓形成特點及影響因素. 中國康復理論與實踐, 2018, 24(2): 191-195.
11.	朱曉玲, 馮娜娜, 王明. 下肢深靜脈血栓位置與下肢骨折部位的關系. 實用骨科雜志, 2018, 24(1): 84-85.
12.	Clements R, Churilov L, Wahab A, et al. Exploratory analysis of factors associated with venous thromboembolism in Victorian acute traumatic spinal cord-injured patients 2010-2013. Spinal Cord, 2017, 55(1): 74-78.
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15.	Wang CW, Su LL, Tao SB, et al. An elevated serum level of Lipoprotein(a) is a predictor for deep vein thrombosis in patients with spinal cord injuries. World Neurosurg, 2016, 87: 607-612.
16.	Moore RM, Rimler J, Smith BR, et al. Venous thromboembolism: a comparison of chronic spinal cord injury and general surgery patients in a metropolitan veterans affairs hospital. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2016, 138(5): 908E-914E.
17.	Matsumoto S, Suda K, Iimoto S, et al. Prospective study of deep vein thrombosis in patients with spinal cord injury not receiving anticoagulant therapy. Spinal Cord, 2015, 53(4): 306-309.
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22.	Germing A, Schakrouf M, Lindstaedt M, et al. Serial compression B-scan and Doppler sonography for the screening of deep venous thrombosis in patients with spinal cord injuries. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010, 38(1): 17-20.
23.	鄒寶, 段建明. 下肢深靜脈血栓各分期的彩色多普勒表現及療效評價. 血栓與止血學, 2012, 18(2): 79-82.
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26.	Masuda M, Ueta T, Shiba K, et al. D-dimer screening for deep venous thrombosis in traumatic cervical spinal injuries. Spine J, 2015, 15(11): 2338-2344.
27.	Rouleau P, Guertin PA. Early changes in deep vein diameter and biochemical markers associated with thrombi formation after spinal cord injury in mice. J Neurotrauma, 2007, 24(8): 1406-1414.
28.	Kostovski E, Dahm A, Mowinckel MC, et al. Circadian rhythms of hemostatic factors in tetraplegia: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over study of melatonin. Spinal Cord, 2015, 53(4): 285-290.
29.	Hyman GS, Cardenas DD. Upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis associated with peripherally inserted central catheters in acute spinal cord injury: a report of 2 cases. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2002, 83(9): 1313-1316.
30.	Onmez H, Cingoz HT, Kucuksen S, et al. Bilateral upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis following central cord syndrome. J Spinal Cord Med, 2013, 36(3): 243-246.
31.	Germing A, Schakrouf M, Lindstaedt M, et al. Do not forget the distal lower limb veins in screening patients with spinal cord injuries for deep venous thromboses. Angiology, 2010, 61(1): 78-81.
32.	Riklin C, Baumberger M, Wick L, et al. Deep vein thrombosis and heterotopic ossification in spinal cord injury: a 3 year experience at the Swiss Paraplegic Centre Nottwil. Spinal Cord, 2003, 41(3): 192-198.
33.	Cheng X, Zhang L, Xie NC, et al. Association between small-intestinal bacterial overgrowth and deep vein thrombosis in patients with spinal cord injuries. J Thromb Haemost, 2017, 15(2): 304-311.
34.	趙利, 郭玉君, 艾力曼·馬合木提. 炎癥因子與靜脈血栓栓塞癥的相關性研究. 新疆醫科大學學報, 2018, 41(3): 284-287.
35.	Halim TA, Chhabra HS, Arora M, et al. Pharmacological prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis in acute spinal cord injury: an Indian perspective. Spinal Cord, 2014, 52(7): 547-550.
36.	山慈明, 尹慧珍, 杜書明, 等. 圍手術期深靜脈血栓形成的物理預防研究進展. 中華護理雜志, 2014, 49(3): 349-354.
37.	柳劍, 李玉軍. 靜脈血栓栓塞癥的物理預防. 中華關節外科雜志(電子版), 2012, 6(2): 329-333.
38.	潘紅霞, 丁明甫. 體外超聲治療對血栓性疾病的防治作用. 華西醫學, 2012, 27(6): 953-956.
39.	Christie S, Thibault-Halman G, Casha S. Acute pharmacological DVT prophylaxis after spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma, 2011, 28(8, SI): 1509-1514.
40.	Liu Y, Xu H, Liu FF, et al. Meta-analysis of heparin therapy for preventing venous thromboembolism in acute spinal cord injury. Int J Surg, 2017, 43: 94-100.
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44.	葉煒, 劉昌偉. 抗血小板藥物在靜脈血栓栓塞癥延長治療中的地位. 中華醫學雜志, 2015, 95(10): 798-800.
45.	黃晨, 陳漢威. 下肢深靜脈血栓的介入治療研究進展. 中華介入放射學電子雜志, 2017, 5(2): 70-73.
46.	張希全, 葛世堂. 下肢深靜脈血栓形成后綜合征的介入治療. 中國微創外科雜志, 2017, 17(7): 602-605.
47.	張晉豪. 介入治療對下肢深靜脈血栓及并發癥的治療進展. 實用醫學影像雜志, 2015, 16(2): 170-171.
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1. Shatzer M. Patient safety in the rehabilitation of the adult with a spinal cord injury. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am, 2012, 23(2): 371-375.
2. 王磊, 周娟, 石秀秀, 等. 創傷性脊髓損傷的相關因素研究. 中國骨與關節雜志, 2017, 6(2): 139-144.
3. 陳銀海, 劉敏, 何井華. 脊髓損傷患者流行病學調查. 實用醫學雜志, 2011, 27(6): 1032-1034.
4. 陳星月, 陳棟, 陳春慧, 等. 中國創傷性脊髓損傷流行病學和疾病經濟負擔的系統評價. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2018, 18(2): 143-150.
5. National SCI Statistical Center. Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) 2016 facts and figures at a glance. J Spinal Cord Med, 2016, 39(4): 493-494.
6. Chung WS, Lin CL, Chang SN, et al. Increased risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism in patients with spinal cord injury: a nationwide cohort prospective study. Thromb Res, 2014, 133(4): 579-584.
7. 楊梟雄, 于前進, 秦江, 等. 脊髓損傷住院患者1027例流行病學分析. 脊柱外科雜志, 2016, 14(5): 301-305.
8. 韓康, 趙廷寶, 卞娜, 等. 利伐沙班對脊髓損傷術后靜脈血栓栓塞性疾病的影響. 中國煤炭工業醫學雜志, 2015, 18(5): 692-695.
9. Do JG, Kim du H, Sung DH. Incidence of deep vein thrombosis after spinal cord injury in Korean patients at acute rehabilitation unit. J Korean Med Sci, 2013, 28(9): 1382-1387.
10. 劉宏煒, 劉璐, 李軍, 等. 創傷性截癱患者康復早期下肢深靜脈血栓形成特點及影響因素. 中國康復理論與實踐, 2018, 24(2): 191-195.
11. 朱曉玲, 馮娜娜, 王明. 下肢深靜脈血栓位置與下肢骨折部位的關系. 實用骨科雜志, 2018, 24(1): 84-85.
12. Clements R, Churilov L, Wahab A, et al. Exploratory analysis of factors associated with venous thromboembolism in Victorian acute traumatic spinal cord-injured patients 2010-2013. Spinal Cord, 2017, 55(1): 74-78.
13. 劉文俊, 胡海燕, 劉亞孔, 等. 脊柱手術后靜脈血栓發生率的Meta分析. 中國脊柱脊髓雜志, 2017, 27(10): 913-923.
14. de Campos Guerra JC, Mour?o MA, Fran?a CN, et al. Impact of coagulation in the development of thromboembolic events in patients with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord, 2014, 52(4): 327-332.
15. Wang CW, Su LL, Tao SB, et al. An elevated serum level of Lipoprotein(a) is a predictor for deep vein thrombosis in patients with spinal cord injuries. World Neurosurg, 2016, 87: 607-612.
16. Moore RM, Rimler J, Smith BR, et al. Venous thromboembolism: a comparison of chronic spinal cord injury and general surgery patients in a metropolitan veterans affairs hospital. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2016, 138(5): 908E-914E.
17. Matsumoto S, Suda K, Iimoto S, et al. Prospective study of deep vein thrombosis in patients with spinal cord injury not receiving anticoagulant therapy. Spinal Cord, 2015, 53(4): 306-309.
18. 王星. 靜脈血栓栓塞癥復發危險因素的研究進展. 實用心腦肺血管病雜志, 2015, 23(9): 1-3.
19. 韓軒茂, 任景芳, 劉秀娥, 等. 蛋白C基因多態性與靜脈血栓栓塞癥的相關性研究. 中國實用內科雜志, 2007(增刊1): 111.
20. 侯麗虹, 張玲, 劉秀娥, 等. 102例靜脈血栓栓塞癥患者血漿α2-抗纖溶酶及其Arg6Trp C/T多態性分析. 中華血液學雜志, 2012, 33(7): 581-583.
21. 趙連興, 李春盛. 靜脈血栓栓塞癥相關基因研究進展. 中華急診醫學雜志, 2014, 23(11): 1291-1294.
22. Germing A, Schakrouf M, Lindstaedt M, et al. Serial compression B-scan and Doppler sonography for the screening of deep venous thrombosis in patients with spinal cord injuries. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010, 38(1): 17-20.
23. 鄒寶, 段建明. 下肢深靜脈血栓各分期的彩色多普勒表現及療效評價. 血栓與止血學, 2012, 18(2): 79-82.
24. 劉曉娜, 李娜, 溫朝陽. 超聲彈性成像技術在深靜脈血栓分期中應用的研究進展. 中華醫學超聲雜志(電子版), 2017, 14(1): 8-10.
25. 周瀚, 梁魯, 姚碧輝, 等. 下肢深靜脈血栓穩定性的研究現狀及展望. 中國普外基礎與臨床雜志, 2017, 24(4): 525-528.
26. Masuda M, Ueta T, Shiba K, et al. D-dimer screening for deep venous thrombosis in traumatic cervical spinal injuries. Spine J, 2015, 15(11): 2338-2344.
27. Rouleau P, Guertin PA. Early changes in deep vein diameter and biochemical markers associated with thrombi formation after spinal cord injury in mice. J Neurotrauma, 2007, 24(8): 1406-1414.
28. Kostovski E, Dahm A, Mowinckel MC, et al. Circadian rhythms of hemostatic factors in tetraplegia: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over study of melatonin. Spinal Cord, 2015, 53(4): 285-290.
29. Hyman GS, Cardenas DD. Upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis associated with peripherally inserted central catheters in acute spinal cord injury: a report of 2 cases. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2002, 83(9): 1313-1316.
30. Onmez H, Cingoz HT, Kucuksen S, et al. Bilateral upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis following central cord syndrome. J Spinal Cord Med, 2013, 36(3): 243-246.
31. Germing A, Schakrouf M, Lindstaedt M, et al. Do not forget the distal lower limb veins in screening patients with spinal cord injuries for deep venous thromboses. Angiology, 2010, 61(1): 78-81.
32. Riklin C, Baumberger M, Wick L, et al. Deep vein thrombosis and heterotopic ossification in spinal cord injury: a 3 year experience at the Swiss Paraplegic Centre Nottwil. Spinal Cord, 2003, 41(3): 192-198.
33. Cheng X, Zhang L, Xie NC, et al. Association between small-intestinal bacterial overgrowth and deep vein thrombosis in patients with spinal cord injuries. J Thromb Haemost, 2017, 15(2): 304-311.
34. 趙利, 郭玉君, 艾力曼·馬合木提. 炎癥因子與靜脈血栓栓塞癥的相關性研究. 新疆醫科大學學報, 2018, 41(3): 284-287.
35. Halim TA, Chhabra HS, Arora M, et al. Pharmacological prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis in acute spinal cord injury: an Indian perspective. Spinal Cord, 2014, 52(7): 547-550.
36. 山慈明, 尹慧珍, 杜書明, 等. 圍手術期深靜脈血栓形成的物理預防研究進展. 中華護理雜志, 2014, 49(3): 349-354.
37. 柳劍, 李玉軍. 靜脈血栓栓塞癥的物理預防. 中華關節外科雜志(電子版), 2012, 6(2): 329-333.
38. 潘紅霞, 丁明甫. 體外超聲治療對血栓性疾病的防治作用. 華西醫學, 2012, 27(6): 953-956.
39. Christie S, Thibault-Halman G, Casha S. Acute pharmacological DVT prophylaxis after spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma, 2011, 28(8, SI): 1509-1514.
40. Liu Y, Xu H, Liu FF, et al. Meta-analysis of heparin therapy for preventing venous thromboembolism in acute spinal cord injury. Int J Surg, 2017, 43: 94-100.
41. 鄺土光, 楊媛華, 王辰. 靜脈血栓栓塞癥華法林抗凝治療時間的選擇. 中華結核和呼吸雜志, 2010, 33(2): 138-139.
42. 汪志超, 方宏. 新型口服抗凝藥防治急性靜脈血栓栓塞癥的研究進展. 實用心腦肺血管病雜志, 2017, 25(9): 7-12.
43. 黃誠, 李濤, 翁習生. 新型口服抗凝藥治療靜脈血栓栓塞的研究進展. 中國新藥與臨床雜志, 2016, 35(4): 243-247.
44. 葉煒, 劉昌偉. 抗血小板藥物在靜脈血栓栓塞癥延長治療中的地位. 中華醫學雜志, 2015, 95(10): 798-800.
45. 黃晨, 陳漢威. 下肢深靜脈血栓的介入治療研究進展. 中華介入放射學電子雜志, 2017, 5(2): 70-73.
46. 張希全, 葛世堂. 下肢深靜脈血栓形成后綜合征的介入治療. 中國微創外科雜志, 2017, 17(7): 602-605.
47. 張晉豪. 介入治療對下肢深靜脈血栓及并發癥的治療進展. 實用醫學影像雜志, 2015, 16(2): 170-171.
48. 張敏, 黃荷, 周保利, 等. 院內靜脈血栓栓塞癥防治管理體系構建及應用. 中華醫院管理雜志, 2017, 33(4): 291-292.
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