Objective To explore impact of climate change on aortic dissection and to put forward a new way about prediction and prevention of aortic dissection. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics of acute aortic dissection patients came from Hebei province in Fuwai Hospital between 2010 and 2016 year. Meanwhile, we collected monthly maximum temperature, minimum temperature, average temperature, average pressure, amount of rainfall, sunshine, humidity and other meteorological data. Generalized model was implied to explore climate change and the incidence of aortic dissection. Results A total of 1 121 acute aortic dissection patients from Hebei province were admitted in Fuwai Hospital during the period of 6 years. There were 774 patients were type A aortic dissection, and 347 patients were type B aortic dissection. The average age was 51.4±12.0 years. There were 873 males and 248 females. There were 889 (79.3%) patients with hypertension, 99 (8.83%) with Marfan syndrome. It was found that temperature, humidity and air pressure were all statistically significant for indication aortic dissection through single variable analysis (P<0.01). The temperature was only variable by one-way analysis of variance (P<0.01). The lowest temperature has the best predictive effect on the occurrence of aortic dissection. The relative risk was 1.02 with 95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.03. Conclusion The change of climatic conditions can affect the occurrence of aortic dissection, and the lowest temperature is an important trigger factor for aortic dissection onset.
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of massive thunderstorm asthma (TA) patients in Lanzhou City, explore the independent risk factors for moderate-to-severe exacerbations, and provide an evidence-based basis for the prevention and management of TA. Methods We retrospectively included 159 TA patients admitted to the outpatient and inpatient departments of the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University within 24h after the occurrence of thunderstorms on September 3, September 8, and September 27, 2024. The patients were divided into a mild group and a moderately severe group according to the severity grading criteria for acute asthma exacerbations in the Global Initiative for Asthma Control and Prevention (GINA). Logistic regression analyses were applied to compare the differences in the clinical characteristics of the two groups, and to find the independent risk factors for moderate-to-severe exacerbations. Results A total of 159 patients were included in the study, including 67 (42.1%) males and 92 (57.9%) females, with a median age of 34 years; 106 (66.7%) cases had their first attack; 84 (52.8%) cases had a history of previous allergic diseases, and 49 (30.8%) cases had a familial history of allergic diseases. There were 115 (72.3%) patients with mild attacks and 44 (27.7%) with moderate-to-severe attacks; 111 (69.8%) patients with serum IgE positive and 91 (57.2%) patients with Artemisia pollen allergens; the baseline lung ventilation function was dominated by the normal range (32.1%) and mild obstructive pulmonary dysfunction (30.8%), and the bronchodilation test was positive in 45 cases (28.3%). Mean FEV1/FVC was 75.31%, median FEV1%pred was 90.3%, mean PEF%pred was 86.70%, median FeNO50 was 38 ppb, and FeNO50 was greater than 25 ppb in 74.8% of the patients. There was a statistically significant difference between the clinical characteristics of patients in the mild group and moderately severe group in terms of previous regular asthma treatment, first asthma exacerbation, familial history of allergic diseases, history of allergic rhinitis, visit to the clinic with wheezing as the main symptom, artemisia pollen allergy, baseline lung ventilation function grading, FEV1/FVC, FEV1%pred, PEF%pred, bronchodilation test and FeNO50. Further multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that family history of allergic diseases, history of allergic rhinitis, visit to the clinic with wheezing as the main symptom, elevated peripheral blood eosinophil count and positive bronchodilation test were independent risk factors for the patients with moderate-to-severe exacerbations, and FEV1/FVC greater than 70% was an independent protective factor for them (P<0.05). Conclusions Thunderstorm weather is an important environmental factor in triggering acute asthma attacks, and is closely associated with exposure of susceptible individuals to high concentrations of artemisia pollen allergens. A family history of allergic disease, previous allergic rhinitis, a visit to the doctor with wheezing as the main symptom, an elevated peripheral blood eosinophil count (>0.5×109/L) and a positive bronchodilation test are independent risk factors for patients with moderate-to-severe exacerbations, and an FEV1/FVC greater than 70% is an independent protective factor for them.