Objective To diagnose and treat a patient with obstructive jaundice and hepatic bile duct tumor by multi-disciplinary team (MDT) and to provide individualized treatment. Methods By MDT model, a patient with obstructive jaundice and hepatic bile duct tumor, who was ever misdiagnosed as hilar cholangiocarcinoma, was discussed. The diagnosis, perioperative period management, and operation scheme were carried out by the MDT. Results After discussion of MDT, the patient was diagnosed as " hepatocellular carcinoma with bile duct tumor thrombi”, not " hilar cholangiocarcinoma”. Although hepatocellular carcinoma with bile duct tumor thrombi was end-stage disease, radical treatment was still considered. A plan of treatment was carried out by the MDT. Firstly, the percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage was operated for the predicted reserved half liver to relieve biliary obstruction. Secondly, hemihepatectomy combined with bile duct resection was carried out by the surgery team. The patient had nice postoperative recovery and there was no tumor recurrence after 6-month follow-up after surgery up to now. Conclusions MDT model do not only reduce misdiagnose, but also can provide the best therapeutic regimen and individualized treatment for patient presented with obstructive jaundice and hepatic bile duct tumor.