ObjectiveTo explore the distribution of mite allergens in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and the role of allergen in acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) in Hainan Province. MethodsWe selected 65 COPD patients, 58 other patients without allergic disease and 34 healthy subjects as the control group from January to June in 2009. All subjects underwent skin prick test (SPT) to make statistical analysis. We observed the COPD patients for 3 years to analyze the correlation between SPT positive incidence and frequency of acute exacerbation. ResultsThe SPT positive incidence was higher in the COPD group (P<0.05). The most frequent allergen in COPD group was Blomia Tropicalis. But the SPT positive incidence and frequency of acute exacerbation was not obvious correlated (P>0.05). ConclusionThe exogenous allergens may participate in the pathogenesis of COPD. Blomia Tropicalis may be an important allergen of COPD patients in Hainan Province other than Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides Farinae. But allergy does not play a role in acute exacerbation of COPD.