Objective To improve hand hygiene executive ability of healthcare workers in medical institutions in Anhui Province by multi-modal interventions with the administrative intervention as the guide. Methods The PDCA management mode was adopted in a step-by-step implementation of plan, implementation, inspection, improvement, and effectiveness evaluation in Anhui Province from April 2014 to December 2016. The management indicators of hand hygiene before and after the intervention in 1 353 hospitals were investigated and evaluated. Results The overall evaluation of the hand hygiene at the end of the implemention showed that 85.29% (58/68) of the tertiary hospitals, 84.07% (227/270) of the second-class hospitals and 66.63% (595/893) of the primary-level hospitals had well-equipped hand hygiene facilities. About 92.65% (63/68) of the tertiary hospitals, 100.00% (270/270) of the second-class hospitals and 50.06% (447/893) of the primary-level hospitals had staff training of hand hygiene knowledge. The compliance of hand hygiene before and after intervention increased from 36.68% to 61.93%, the correct rate of hand washing increased from 37.60% to 89.28%, the awareness rate of related knowledge increased from 41.20% to 86.07%, and the dosage of hand disinfectant increased from 2.59 mL to 7.10 mL. Conclusion To take multi-model interventions with the administrative intervention as the guide, can effectively improve the quality of hand hygiene management and the executive force.