The incidence and mortality of lung cancer are increasing globally. With the spread of CT, more and more early-stage lung cancer can be detected and treated in a timely manner. As the main treatment of lung cancer, thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer is causing concern to the thoracic surgeons. Here, we will discuss the application of thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy in the treatment of early non-small cell lung cancer.