Objective To study the significance of detection the short-term fluctuation (SF) of macular light threshold detected by Octopus-123 automatic perimeter in suspected early age-related macular dege-neration (AMD). Methods SF of macular light sensitivity, Amsler chart and central visual acuity were examined in 51 patients(66 eyes) with suspected early AMD group and in 32 patients (40 eyes) in the control group. Results SF were significantly different in suspected early AMD group and control group. SF was more sensitive than the examination of central visual acuity and Amsler chart. SF was related to the quantity, location and quality of drusen. Conclusion Visual function of some suspected early AMD patients with drusen may be damaged, though the central visual acuity appears normal. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 119-120)
Objective To evaluate the effects of cold provoca tion on optic dise blood flow and retinal light sensitivity of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients,and explore the relationship between the changes of optic disc blood flow and retin al light sensitivity. Methods A total 33 POAG patients (33 eyes)and 13 normal controls (13 eyes) were tested by usin g th e Heidelberg retinal flowmetry (HRF) and Topcon automatic perimeter,and the optic disc blood flow and retinal light sensitivity of POAG patients and normal cont rols were measured at normal conditions and after cold provocation. Results The mean optic disc blood flow,volume and the mean retinal light sensitivity of POAG patients decreased significantly (Plt;0.05) after cold provocation.There was a linear and significant relationsh ip between the decrease of mean optic disc blood flow and mean retinal light sen sitivity of POAG patients (r=0.615,P＜0.001). The optic disc blood flow of POAG patients with a history of migraine were more likely to r educe in response to cold provocation and reduced much more than those without such history (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Cold provocation can significantly reduce both the optic disc blood flow and retinal light sensitivity in POAG patients.A close correlation was fo und between the amount of mean optic disc blood flow decrease and the volume of mean retinal light sensitivity decline. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:37-40)
PURPOSE:To approach the changes of visual function by using the dense matrix mapping in macula(DMMM)in patients with age-related macular degenerationl(AMD). METHODS:The DMMM was designed using Humphrey-640,thee study included 51 patients(71 eyes)in dry type,AMD,23 patients(27 eyes)in wet type and 16 normal elderly(21 eyes). RESULTS:In 2.5 degree of macula:the mean light sensitivity(MLS)was 35.61plusmn;1.37 in normal elderly.33.30plusmn;2. 49 in dry type group and 20.67plusmn;8.30 in wet type group,and differences were highly significant statistically among them. In S degree the MLS is 34.93plusmn;1.46 in normal elderly.32.95plusmn;1.82 in dry type group, 22.11plusmn;7.74 in wet type group ,and the differences were highly significant statistically among them. CONCLUSIONS:The MLS of DMMM declined at early stage of dry type AMD and there was relatively high sensitivity of MLS of DMMM in evaluating the visual function in early AMD. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1996,12: 217-219 ）
Objective To evaluate the application of tendency-oriented perimetry (TOP) in detecting the visual function of glaucoma. Methods The traditional threshold perimetry (Normal/Normal strategy) and TOP (TOP/Normal strategy) carried out by Octopus 101 perimetry were used to examine the visual field of 20 normal subjects (20 eyes), 32 cases (32 eyes) of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), and 14 cases (14 eyes) of suspected POAG, respectively. The visual field outcomes, indices, point by point threshold variability and defective points of the two perimetries were compared and analysed. Results The negative rate of TOP was 90% in normal subjects. The positive rate of TOP was 75% in POAG , and 100% in middle and late stage of POAG. The visual field indices of two perimetries were positively correlated, with mean sensitivity (MS) of r=0.9335, mean defect (MD) of r=0.9189, and loss variance (LV) of r=0.9621. The point by point threshold variability and defective points of TOP were higher than those of traditional threshold perimetry, but the difference between the two perimetries was not significant (P=0.2019, P=0.4448). Conclusion The visual field indices of TOP and traditional threshold perimetry are positively correlated. The sensitivity and reproducibility of TOP are high in detecting the visual function of middle and late stage of POAG. (Chin J Ocul Fundus,Dis, 2002, 18: 269-272)
Objective To observe the relationship between position of normal central fixation and the position of the optic disc, and to find out the features of stability of fixation. Methods The position of central fixation of 120 eyes of 60 healthy adults was determined by MP-1 microperimeter. The position of central fixation relative to the position of the optic disk was measured. The relationship between the central fixation and the age or refraction was analyzed statistically. The difference between the right and left eye in each individual was analyzed with t test. Results The central fixation located at the retina with the horizontal distance of 14.48deg;plusmn;1.85deg; and vertical distance of －2.14deg;plusmn;1.26deg; from the temporal edge of the optic disk. In the 120 eyes, 90% of the central fixation located in a bivariate normal ellipse. The normal eyes usually kept in a slightly moving condition when a normal person fixing on a subject. The median of horizontal and vertical deviation was 0.4deg; and 0.3deg; respectively. Conclusion The distribution of central fixation in healthy adults is a bivariate normal ellipse. When fixing on a subject, the moving extent of the eyes in the horizontal direction is larger than that in the vertical direction.
Objective To evaluate the applic ation of blue-on-yellow(B/Y) perimetry in detecting the early visual field loss of glaucoma． Methods The B/Y perimetry of the G2 strategy in the OCTOPUS 101 perimetry was used to examine the visual field of 16 normal persons (32 eyes), 25 cases (35 eyes) of primary open-angle glau coma (POAG) with abnormal white-on-white (W/W) visual fields, 15 cases (15 eye s) of early POAG with normal W/W visual field, and 11 cases (22 eyes) of suspect ed POAG． Results The mean sensitivity (MS) in the normal cases, suspected POAG, early POAG, middle POAG, and late POAG was ( 23．24plusmn;1．22) dB，(20．97plusmn;3．42) dB，(18．44plusmn;3．57) dB，(11．04plusmn;1．85) dB and (8．55plusmn;2．29) dB, respectively． It was demonstrated that B/Y perimetry was more sensitive than W/W perimetry in detecting the glaucomatous visual fi eld defects,and its sensitivity was 92% and specificity was 90．62%． The averag e number of defective points in central visual field with B/Y perimetry was more than that with W/W perimetry in early and middle POAG． Conclusion B/Y perimetry is a relatively sensitive method for detection of the early visual field loss in POAG． (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:125-127)
Objective To study the retinal light sensitivity of central visual field in normal children. Methods The QZS-Ⅱ automated perimetry was used to assess the visual field of centro-30deg;and centro-6deg; in normal or ametropic eyes in 60 eyes of 5～9 years old children. Results The mean sensitivity(MS)was not influenced by sex,age and laterality and ametropia of the eye.The normal type of dB distribution was obviously higher than the abnormal(P＜0.01).We set normal range as 30deg;MS＞19.3 dB, 6deg;MS＞22.5 dB.The abnormality of value or distribution didnprime;t appear in the same field. Conclusions In normal children,the dB distribution of visual field was mainly of the normal type.We suggest that in evaluating function of visual filed of the children,the dB distribution of centro-30deg;and centro-6deg;field and the value of MS should be included. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 1999, 15: 137-138)
Objective To determine the correlation between central macular thickness (CMT) and the visual function in patients iwht macular edema (ME). Methods The clinical data of 42 eyes of 40 patients with ME which were examined by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and microperimetry (MP-1) were retrospectively analyzed. In 40 patients (42 eyes), diabetic ME (DME) was in 27 eyes，branch retinal vein occlusion was in 11eyes, and central retinal vein occlusion was in 4 eyes. All of the eyes had undergone OCT，MP-1 and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) test. Central macular thickness (CMT) was measured by fast macular scans using OCT. Retinal sensitivity (MS) and fixation patterns were evaluated by Mp-1. The position was chosen :2 disc diameters (DD) temporal to the disc and one third of a DD inferior to the centre of the disc. Results The correlation between CMT and BCVA is not significant (r＝－0.429，P=0.069) as well as the correlation between CMT and MS (r＝－0.433，P=0.058). The difference of CMT between the unstable and stable group was significant (F=3.262, P=0.039）. The difference of CMT between the central fixation group and preferred retinal locus (PRL) group was significant (F=3.173, P=0.044). Conclusions BCVA and MS have no significant correlation with CMT. When CMT increases, the fixation stability decreases, fixation location.changes, and PRL occurs.
Objective To investigate the distribution of the preferred retinal locus (PRL) of eccentric fixation in eyes with high myopia.Methods A total of 40 highly myopic patients (54 eyes ) with eccentric fixation were examined by MP1 microperimeter to identify the PRL. The position of PRL relative to the fovea was estimated using the 90% confidence ellipse of normal adult foveal fixation. The differences of visual acuity between ldquo;desirablerdquo; and ldquo;undesirablerdquo; PRL were tested by analysis of variance.Results In 54 eyes with high myopia, 24 eyes (44.44%) had PRL of eccentric fixation below the scotoma after loss of central vision; 19 eyes ( 35.19% ) had a leftfield PRL; 6 eyes ( 11.11% ) had an upperfield PRL; and 5 eyes ( 9.26% ) had rightfield PRL. In 14 patients who had binocular eccentric fixation, 13 had the same fixation pattern in both eyes, including lowerfield PRL in 7 （50.00%）, leftfield PRL in 5 （35.71%）, and upperfield PRL in 1 patient （7.14%）. The difference of visual acuity between lower and leftfield PRL group and right and upperfield undesirable PRL group was not statistically significant（F=0.144, Pgt;0.05）. Conclusions The eccentric fixation in eyes with high myopia is usually situated as near as possible to the fovea. The optimal PRL is inferior visual field.
Objective To observe the characteristics of fundus fluorescein angiography（FFA）and optical coherence tomography（OCT）in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION),and investigate its relation with visual acuity and course of disease.Methods The clinical data of 47 patients (47 eyes) with NAION were retrospectively analyzed. All the patiens had undergone visual acuity，fundus and visual field examination，meanwhile FFA and OCT were carried out at first visit. FFA and visual field were carried out by routine. OCT was carried out by line and circle shape scanning in macula and optic disc. Thirtyfive NAION patients were checked with OCT at half, one, two, three and six month after onset in respectively. Take the healthy fellow eyes of 36 NAION patiens as control group.The FFA,visual field,OCT characteristics and relation with visual acuity and course disease were comparatively analyzed.ResultsFFA showed that all the eyes appear as delayed filling of the optic disc in early stage and hyperfluorescence leakage of the optic disc in late stage，besides hyperfluorescence presented to macular area in 24 eyes. OCT showed that optic papilla swelling and physiological depression narrow or nearly disappearance, neuroepithelial layer thickening or neuroepithelial layer eminence and subretinal fluidity area opaca between optic disc and macula. There were 14 eyes with normal physiological depression and 22 eyes with small physiological depression or non physiological depression in control group. Half month after onset，the neuroepithelial layer thickness of macula fovea, the maximum thickness of neuroepithelial layer between optic disc and macula，and the average retinal nerve fiber layer（RNFL）thickness in NAION group were higher than those in the control group，the difference were statistically significant (F=6.51，26.12，75.49；P＜0.05).Two months after onset，the maximum thickness of neuroepithelial layer between optic disc and macula, the average RNFL thickness, and the RNFL thickness of temporal optic disc in NAION group were significant thinner, but the elevated height of the optic disc in NAION group were near those of the control group. Three months after onset，the average RNFL thickness and the RNFL thickness of temporal optic disc in NAION group decreased continually, they were lower than those of the control group, the difference were statistically significan（F=75.49，37.92；P＜0.05）.Visual field showed that inferior defect were found in 21 eyes (45%). With progress, the superior RNFL thickness obviously decreased, coincidence with appearance of visual field. It indicate that the superior optic atrophy serious. Visual acuity had significant negative correlation with the neuroepithelial layer thickness of macula fovea, the neuroepithelial layer maximum thickness between optic disc and macula, the average RNFL thickness, the RNFL thickness of temporal optic disc(r=-0.394,-0.424,-0.412,-0.464；P＜0.05).Conclusions FFA showes that hyperfluorescence leakage appearanced in part macula. OCT showes that RNFL becomes thinner as the disease duration increases. The results of OCT and visual field examinaion in the configuration of optic disc and changes of RNFL are accordant.