ObjectiveTo assess the effect of Xuezhikang 1.2 g/d after 4 weeks' treatment on primary hyperlipidemia patients' lipid contents including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) by literature analysis. MethodsA literature research was carried out in CNKI, Wanfang and Weipu full-text database to collect articles published from January 1st, 1994 to August 30 th, 2014, concerning the self-controlled trials on the lipid regulating effects of Xuezhikang 1.2 g/d for 4 weeks in primary hyperlipidemia patients. Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.2. ResultsFifty-five independent trials were included in this review. All of the independent studies showed no homogeneity (P<0.01, I2>70%), and had publication bias. The contents of TC, TG, and LDL-C after a 4-week treatment with 1.2 g/d Xuezhikang were significantly lower than those before treatment [WMD=1.14 mmol/L, 95%CI (1.02, 1.25) mmol/L, P<0.000 01; WMD=0.72 mmol/L, 95%CI (0.59, 0.85) mmol/L, P<0.000 01; WMD=0.87 mmol/L, 95%CI (0.74, 1.00) mmol/L, P<0.000 01] and the contents of HDL-C was significantly higher than that before treatment [WMD=-0.16 mmol/L, 95%CI (-0.26, -0.12) mmol/L, P<0.000 01]. ConclusionXuezhikang can reduce the primary hyperlipidemia patients' TC, TG and LDL-C, and increase HDL-C after 4 weeks' treatment.