目的 通過非小細胞肺癌（NSCLC）圖像引導放射治療（IGRT）過程中，每次治療前獲取的錐形束CT圖像，動態觀察腫瘤體積的變化。 方法 2009年2月－2010年8月18例周圍型NSCLC患者接受IGRT。每次治療前進行千伏級錐形束CT（KV-CBCT）圖像的采集。每周在KV-CBCT圖像上勾畫腫瘤靶區并計算靶區體積，經統計后分析腫瘤治療過程中體積的變化。 結果 治療開始時平均體積為28.5 cm3（2.5～109.1 cm3），治療結束時平均體積為17.1 cm3 （1.4～73.4 cm3）。平均退縮率為35.9%（3.9%～68.9%），平均每天的退縮率為1.5% （0.1%～5.4%）。治療結束時，0例病灶完全消退，1例部分消退，10例微小消退，7例穩定。 結論 治療過程中，NSCLC腫瘤的退縮可以通過KV-CBCT進行觀察。當病灶為周圍型時，能對腫瘤體積的變化進行客觀有效的評價。放射治療過程中腫瘤的體積改變具有很大的異質性，腫瘤在治療過程中體積均有一定的退縮，但治療結束時大多數病灶僅為微小消退或穩定。
【摘要】 目的 評價伴骨轉移的非小細胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer，NSCLC）患者在接受帕米膦酸二鈉和唑來膦酸治療后的有效性和安全性。 方法 2007年6月-2008年12月，74例伴骨轉移的NSCLC，患者接受了雙膦酸鹽治療，其中50例接受帕米膦酸二鈉治療，24例接受唑來膦酸治療。帕米膦酸二鈉90 mg，靜脈滴注3 h，每4周重復1次；唑來膦酸4 mg，靜脈滴注15 min，每4周重復1次。對可能影響其骨相關事件發生時間及生存率的各種臨床﹑病理、治療方法等因素進行分析，用Kaplan-Meier曲線及Log rank檢驗生存率差異，對不良反應的發生率等采用χ2檢驗。 結果 18個月無骨相關事件生存率和總體生存率在帕米膦酸二鈉及唑來膦酸組分別為19.3%、28.9%（P=0.253）和33.4%、38.2%（P=0.745），兩組比較，差異均無統計學意義。兩組患者不良反應中帕米膦酸二鈉組8例（16.0%），唑來膦酸組6例（25.0%），兩組比較差異無統計學意義（χ2=0.200，P=0.655）。7例患者用帕米膦酸二鈉治療失敗后再用唑來膦酸治療，其中位無骨相關事件生存時間為2個月（95%CI：0~4.6）。 結論 唑來膦酸和帕米膦酸二鈉在緩解延遲骨相關事件發生時間療效和不良反應發生率相當。用帕米膦酸二鈉治療失敗后再用唑來膦酸可延緩骨相關事件發生時間。【Abstract】 Objective To retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of pamidronate disoclium and zoledronic acid in treating non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with bone metastasis. Methods This study included 74 patients who were treated with bisphosphonate between June 2007 and December 2008. Fifty were treated with pamidronate disodium, and 24 with zoledronic acid. Pamidronate disodium was administered intravenously once for 3 hours every 4 weeks at a dose of 90 mg. Zoledronic acid was given intravenously once for 15 minutes every 4 weeks at a dose of 4 mg. Various clinical, pathological factors and treatment methods related to the occurring time of skeletal related events (SRE) and survival rate were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curve and Log rank were adopted to detect the difference in survival rate between patients treated with different medicine, and we used χ2 test to discover the rate of adverse events of the patients. Results Eighteen-month SRE-free survival and overall survival rate in the pamidronate disodium and zoledronic acid group were 19.3% vs. 28.9% (P=0.253), and 33.4% vs. 38.2% (P=0.745) respectively. There were 8 (8/50) cases of adverse events in the pamidronate disodium group, and 6 (6/24) in the zoledronic acid group (χ2=0.200, P=0.655). The SRE-free survival time for seven patients who were treated with zoledronic acid after pamidronate disodium failed was 2 months (95%CI: 0-4.6). Conclusions Compared with zoledronic acid, pamidronate has equal efficacy in delaying SRE and incidence of adverse effects. Administering zoledronic acid after pamidronate failed can also delay the occurring time of SRE.
ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the stress-induced hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and all-cause, cardiovascular, and diabetes-related mortality in patients with advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome, and to evaluate the value of SHR as an independent prognostic marker. MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used data from the 1999–2018 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 2 135 patients with advanced CKM (stages 3 and 4) were included. Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariable Cox regression models were applied to assess the relationship between SHR and mortality outcomes. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was employed to explore potential non-linear associations. Subgroup analyses were conducted to identify possible effect modifiers. ResultsOver a mean follow-up of 248 months, 674 all-cause, 198 cardiovascular, and 31 diabetes-related deaths occurred. Elevated SHR was significantly associated with diabetes-related mortality (HR=3.48, P<0.001) in a dose-response manner. SHR exhibited a U-shaped relationship with both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (non-linearity P<0.001), indicating increased risk at both low and high SHR levels. Subgroup analyses revealed that sex, BMI, and hyperlipidemia significantly modified the association between SHR and diabetes-related death. ConclusionSHR is an independent predictor of mortality risk in patients with advanced CKM syndrome, particularly for diabetes-related death. These findings support the integration of SHR into risk stratification of high-risk CKM populations and provide a basis for metabolic stress-targeted interventions.
Objective To investigate the clinical features of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with long-term survival and the related factors for treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical features, treatment factors, and survival was performed for 963 patients with pathologically confirmed stage Ⅳ NSCLC between January 2010 and December 2015 from Department of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Results The median overall survival (OS) of the 963 patients was 20.8 months, and the 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-year survival rates were 72.0%, 21.4%, 15.2%, and 4.8%, respectively. There were 81 patients in the long-term survival group (OS>60 months) and 882 in the non-long-term survival group (OS<60 months). Previous surgery, thoracic radiotherapy and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene positive significantly increased the 5-year actual survival rate, reducing the risk of death by 62.0%, 58.8%, and 58.1%, respectively. Compared with the non-long-term survival group, more patients in the long-term survival group received two or more means of treatment including surgery, thoracic radiotherapy, and targeted therapy (28.4% vs. 11.6%, P<0.001) and more patients benefited from fourth- or further-line treatment (24.7%vs. 11.1%, P<0.001). Cox multivariate regression analysis indicated that performance status [hazard ratio (HR)=1.388, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.199, 1.608), P<0.001] , N stage [HR=1.160, 95%CI (1.058, 1.272), P=0.002] , EGFR gene status [HR=0.588, 95%CI (0.469, 0.738), P<0.001] , previous surgery [HR=0.626, 95%CI (0.471, 0.832), P=0.001] , and thoracic radiotherapy [HR=0.592, 95%CI (0.480, 0.730), P<0.001] were independent prognostic factors of OS. Conclusions Good performance status, early N staging, EGFR mutation, previous surgery, and thoracic radiotherapy are important prognostic factors affecting the survival of advanced NSCLC patients. Long-term survival benefits from combined treatment and effective further-line therapies.