目的 了解“5.12”汶川地震后四川省安縣18個鄉鎮衛生院的衛生人力資源現狀，分析存在的問題并提出建議。 方法 2010年11月采用問卷調查方式對安縣18個鄉鎮衛生所進行調查，收集至2009年12月底衛生人力資源情況進行收集，并就調查結果進行分析。 結果 截至2009年12月底，該縣醫務人員總數為1 249人，其中鄉鎮衛生所550人，縣級醫院699人。在鄉鎮衛生所中，醫生272人，護士116人，醫護比為2.34︰1；學歷以大專、高中及中專為主; 職稱以初級及士級為主。 結論 安縣衛生服務技術人員學歷、職稱、專業結構不盡合理，高層次人才短缺的問題，建議完善相關制度及加強全科醫生培養工作。
West China Hospital has focused on discipline construction, substantially upgrading research results by strengthening scientific research, and has made great progress in the discipline construction in recent years. This paper aims to explore common various measures for the promotion of construction of state key disciplines, so as to offer a reference for construction of state key disciplines of large-scale, general medical colleges or hospitals.
Objective To systematically assess the efficacy and safety of probiotics in prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of probiotics in prevention/treatment of asthma compared with placebo were searched in PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, OVID and The Cochrane Library published before August 2011. The quality of the included RCTs was evaluated and the data were extracted by two assessors independently. Meta-analyses were performed with RevMan 5.1 software. Results Eleven RCTs on probiotics preventing asthma (n=3 656) and 5 RCTs on probiotics treating asthma (n=430) were identified. The Meta-analyses on preventing asthma showed that probiotics didn’t statistically decease the incidence of asthma (RR=0.76, 95%CI 0.47 to 1.22, P=0.25) and asthma-like wheezing (RR=0.92, 95%CI 0.62 to 1.39, P=0.71) compared with placebo. The Meta-analyses on treating asthma indicated that probiotics could prolong free episodes of asthma (RR=1.48, 95%CI 1.20 to 1.76, Plt;0.000 1) in comparison with placebo. No severe adverse events were found in all included studies. Conclusion The present evidence is not b enough to prove that probiotics is effective to prevent asthma, but it may prolong free episodes of asthma. Although it seems to have the effect on improving lung function, it fails to reduce the acute onset of asthma and has no have the advantage of improving immune function.
ObjectiveTo analyze the incidence and risk factors of tuberculosis in the city of Mianyang based on data from active cases.MethodsFrom March 2018 to April 2019, 199 182 residents were selected for the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire, digital radiography (DR), physical examination and laboratory tests. The incidence of tuberculosis was estimated, and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the disease.ResultsThroughout the process, 103 residents were diagnosed with active tuberculosis, corresponding to an incidence of 51.71 per 100 000. Risk of tuberculosis was significantly higher among individuals who were over age 60 (OR=1.74, 95%CI 1.11 to 2.73, P=0.02), males (OR=4.39, 95%CI 2.74 to 7.04, P<0.001), medical workers (OR=11.18, 95%CI 2.99 to 41.84, P<0.001), and those with a history of tuberculosis (OR=16.43, 95%CI 8.10 to 33.33, P<0.001). Conversely, individuals with higher levels of education were associated with lower risk of tuberculosis: compared to those with primary school or less, those with a junior high school education had an OR of 0.53 (95%CI 0.30 to 0.88, P=0.02); high school/technical school had an OR of 0.36 (95%CI 0.15 to 0.92, P=0.03); junior college or above had an OR of 0.23 (95%CI 0.06 to 0.88, P=0.04).ConclusionsAnalyzing tuberculosis epidemiology based on active cases can help detect the disease as well as control or even prevent epidemics. Individuals who are more senior, males, medical workers, with a history of tuberculosis, and those with lower levels of education may be at higher risk of the disease. These results may improve screening efforts and allow timely intervention.