The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) has updated and released the NCCN esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancers clinical practice guidelines in oncology (version 3. 2022). Compared with the version 4 of the guidelines in 2021, the 3 versions in 2022 have some updates and revisions, mainly focusing on molecular marker detection, perioperative treatment, advanced immunotherapy, radiotherapy and other aspects. This article will interpret the main content of the new edition of the guidelines, in order to enhance the understanding of the guidelines and guide the clinical practice of diagnosis and treatment.
Objective To study the effect of substance P ( SP) on int racellular f ree calcium concent ration in human poorly-differentiated gast ric cancer cell in vitro. Methods Human gast ric cancer cell line MKN45 was cultured in RPMI 1640. Then the cells were loaded with specific calcium fluorescent probe Furu23/ AM. ASN21377642 (NK21 receptor antagonist) , Nicardipine (calcium channel blocker) and different concent rations of SP were used to treat gast ric cancer cells. The concent ration changes of int racellular free calcium were detected by laser scanning confocal microscope. Results It was found that 10 , 50 and 100 nmol/ L SP could significantly increase the int racellular free calcium concent ration of gast ric cancer cells in Hanks solutions , which contain ext racellular calcium ( P lt;0. 05) , and the change was in a dose-dependent manner ( P lt; 0. 05) . When there was ext racellular calcium existed ,the increasing amplitude of intracellular f ree calcium concent ration was significantly higher than that when there was no extracellular calcium ( Plt; 0. 05) . And when Hanks solutions were pretreated with ASN21377642 and Nicardipine , the effects of 100 nmol/ L SP were partly inhibited , and the concent rations of int racellular f ree calcium were significantly lower than those in group s without pret reatment s ( P lt; 0. 05) . Conclusion SP can significantly increase free calcium concent ration in the gastric cancer cells. Releasing of stored calcium in the cells and influx of extracelluar calcium may contribute to the elevation of int racellular free calcium concentration.
目的 探討經轉化生長因子-β1 ( TGF-β1) 基因修飾的未成熟樹突狀細胞(imDC) 預處理大鼠小腸移植受體后的外周血及移植腸浸潤T 細胞的變化及意義。方法 選用近交系F344/ N 和BN 大鼠建立全小腸異位移植模型,實驗分4 組(每組24 只) : 同基因移植組(BN-BN 組) 、異基因移植組( F344/ N-BN 組) 、異基因移植+ TGF-β1 基因轉染imDC 組( F344/ N-BN + TGF2β1 組) 和異基因移植+ TGF-β1 基因轉染imDC + FK506 組( F344/ N-BN + TGF-β1 + FK506 組) 。各組大鼠分別于術后3 、5 、7 d 各處死6 只,獲取大鼠靜脈血和移植腸。應用免疫組化SABC 法檢測受體鼠外周血及移植腸CD4 + 、CD8 + 、CD25 + 細胞和IL-4 的表達。同時行移植腸組織病理學檢查并觀察大鼠生存情況。結果 TGF-β1 修飾的DC 細胞能顯著抑制外周血及移植腸浸潤淋巴細胞CD4 + 、CD8 + 及CD25 + 的表達,并提高IL-4 的表達; 顯著延長受體大鼠的生存時間,但移植腸仍有排斥反應的病理組織學征象。結論 TGF-β1 修飾的DC 通過影響受體外周血及移植腸浸潤T 細胞對大鼠小腸移植發揮免疫抑制作用。