To further standardize the prevention and treatment of acute pharyngitis in China, both in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine, and to promote the standardized application of TCM, antipyretic and analgesic drugs, antibiotics, and glucocorticoids in the prevention and treatment of acute pharyngitis, the China Association of Chinese Medicine has initiated a project. The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, and Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences are leading the effort. Based on the WHO guidelines for guideline development, the guiding principles for the formulation and revision of clinical practice guidelines in China, and the technical specifications for the development of clinical application guidelines for the combined prevention and treatment of TCM and Western medicine, the "Clinical application guidelines for the combined prevention and treatment of acute pharyngitis with TCM and Western medicine" are to be formulated. This protocol aims to elaborate on the background of the guidelines, the composition of the working group, the construction of clinical questions, the acquisition and quality evaluation of the evidence, and the formation of recommendations.
Objective To assess the burden of thyroid cancer (TC) attributable to high body mass index (BMI) in China from 1990 to 2021. In addition, we analyzed the effects of age, period, and cohort on the trends in TC burden and projected the disease burden from 2022 to 2050. Methods Data derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database were employed. Temporal trends were analyzed using Joinpoint regression to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC). To elucidate the independent effects of age, period, and cohort, we employed an APC model. In addition, a Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was applied to project the future burden of TC associated with high BMI in China during 2022-2050. Results From 1990 to 2021 in China, mortality from TC attributable to high BMI increased, with stable age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) but rising age-standardized DALY rates (ASDR). APC model analysis revealed that the age effect indicated a gradual increase in disease burden with advancing age. The time effect showed a decline in mortality risk from 1999 to 2004, followed by a rise in disease burden over time thereafter. The cohort effect demonstrated a persistent increase in disease risk, suggesting a growing disease burden among younger cohorts. Conclusion Between 1990 and 2021, China’s TC burden attributable to high BMI increased, with projections indicating further rises among males but declines among females, highlighting the need for targeted obesity prevention.