Clinical application guidelines for the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of acute pharyngitis: a protocol_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

GAO Anran ^1,2 , GAO Rui ^1,2 , FENG Xue ^1,2 ,  WANG Jianxin ^1,2

1. Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, P. R. China;
2. NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

WANG Jianxin, Email: jianxinwang2468@163.com

Keywords：

Acute pharyngitis; Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine; Guideline; Protocol

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.202512028

Video：

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To further standardize the prevention and treatment of acute pharyngitis in China, both in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine, and to promote the standardized application of TCM, antipyretic and analgesic drugs, antibiotics, and glucocorticoids in the prevention and treatment of acute pharyngitis, the China Association of Chinese Medicine has initiated a project. The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, and Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences are leading the effort. Based on the WHO guidelines for guideline development, the guiding principles for the formulation and revision of clinical practice guidelines in China, and the technical specifications for the development of clinical application guidelines for the combined prevention and treatment of TCM and Western medicine, the "Clinical application guidelines for the combined prevention and treatment of acute pharyngitis with TCM and Western medicine" are to be formulated. This protocol aims to elaborate on the background of the guidelines, the composition of the working group, the construction of clinical questions, the acquisition and quality evaluation of the evidence, and the formation of recommendations.

Citation： GAO Anran, GAO Rui, FENG Xue, WANG Jianxin. Clinical application guidelines for the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of acute pharyngitis: a protocol. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2026, 26(5): 520-523. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.202512028 Copy

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2.	Neuner JM, Hamel MB, Phillips RS, et al. Diagnosis and management of adults with pharyngitis. A cost-effectiveness analysis. Ann Intern Med, 2003, 139(2): 113-122.
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7.	吳瑩輝, 廖鵬達, 孔勇杰. 中醫藥診治多重耐藥菌的研究進展. 中醫臨床研究, 2024, 16(26): 132-136.
8.	姚曉燕, 邊永君, 高揚, 等. 《中醫藥單用/聯合抗菌藥物治療急性咽炎疾病臨床實踐指南》臨床應用評價與修訂意見. 中國中藥雜志, 2018, 43(24): 4765-4770.
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13.	World Health Organization. WHO handbook for guideline development. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2014.
14.	中西醫聯合防治策略標準研究項目組. 《中西醫聯合防治優勢病種臨床應用指南》制訂技術規范. 中國中西醫結合雜志, 2024, 44(4): 389-398.
15.	Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ, 2008, 336(7650): 924-926.
16.	Chen Y, Yang K, Maru?ic A, et al. A reporting tool for practice guidelines in health care: the RIGHT statement. Ann Intern Med, 2017, 166(2): 128-132.
17.	王建新, 高學敏, 栗蕊, 等. 中西醫結合循證臨床實踐指南—指南主題、范圍及臨床問題確定的方法學建議. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2025, 25(10): 1191-1196.
18.	Brouwers MC, Kerkvliet K, Spithoff K, et al. The AGREE reporting checklist: a tool to improve reporting of clinical practice guidelines. BMJ, 2016, 354: i4852.
19.	Shea BJ, Reeves BC, Wells G, et al. AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both. BMJ, 2017, 358: j4008.
20.	Sterne JAC, Savovi? J, Page MJ, et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ, 2019, 366: l4898.
21.	Slim K, Nini E, Forestier D, et al. Methodological index for non-randomized studies (minors): development and validation of a new instrument. ANZ J Surg, 2003, 73(9): 712-716.
22.	王建新, 楊豐文, 高學敏, 等. “循證為主, 共識為輔, 經驗為鑒”在中醫藥/中西醫結合臨床實踐指南中應用方法解讀. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2025, 25(4): 454-459.
23.	王吉耀, 王強, 王小欽, 等. 中國臨床實踐指南評價體系的制訂與初步驗證. 上海醫學, 2018, 41(6): 321-326.
24.	李緒輝, 黃橋, 王永博, 等. 臨床實踐指南實施性促進研究之一: 實施性現狀與促進策略. 醫學新知, 2021, 31(6): 410-418.
25.	Mustafa Z, Ghaffari M. Diagnostic methods, clinical guidelines, and antibiotic treatment for group a streptococcal pharyngitis: a narrative review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2020, 10: 563627.

1. Sykes EA, Wu V, Beyea MM, et al. Pharyngitis: approach to diagnosis and treatment. Can Fam Physician, 2020, 66(4): 251-257.
2. Neuner JM, Hamel MB, Phillips RS, et al. Diagnosis and management of adults with pharyngitis. A cost-effectiveness analysis. Ann Intern Med, 2003, 139(2): 113-122.
3. Danchin MH, Curtis N, Nolan TM, et al. Treatment of sore throat in light of the Cochrane verdict: is the jury still out. Med J Aust, 2002, 177(9): 512-515.
4. Wessels MR. Clinical practice. Streptococcal pharyngitis. N Engl J Med, 2011, 364(7): 648-655.
5. Minodier P, Laporte R, Miramont S. Epidemiology of streptococcus pyogenes infections in developing countries. Arch Pediatr, 2014, 21(Suppl 2): S69-S72.
6. Suda KJ, Hicks LA, Roberts RM, et al. A national evaluation of antibiotic expenditures by healthcare setting in the United States, 2009. J Antimicrob Chemother, 2013, 68(3): 715-718.
7. 吳瑩輝, 廖鵬達, 孔勇杰. 中醫藥診治多重耐藥菌的研究進展. 中醫臨床研究, 2024, 16(26): 132-136.
8. 姚曉燕, 邊永君, 高揚, 等. 《中醫藥單用/聯合抗菌藥物治療急性咽炎疾病臨床實踐指南》臨床應用評價與修訂意見. 中國中藥雜志, 2018, 43(24): 4765-4770.
9. 王雙英. 砂生槐和大黃抗耐藥金黃色葡萄球菌活性成分研究. 上海: 復旦大學, 2014.
10. 李巖, 陶荊華, 汪婧怡, 等. 中醫外治法治療急性咽炎的研究進展. 中國中醫急癥, 2021, 30(11): 2065-2068.
11. 苗青, 廖星, 樊長征. 中醫藥單用/聯合抗菌藥物治療急性扁桃體炎臨床實踐指南. 北京: 第十九屆中國科協年會, 2017: 28.
12. 陳耀龍, 楊克虎, 王小欽, 等. 中國制訂/修訂臨床診療指南的指導原則(2022版). 中華醫學雜志, 2022, 102(10): 697-703.
13. World Health Organization. WHO handbook for guideline development. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2014.
14. 中西醫聯合防治策略標準研究項目組. 《中西醫聯合防治優勢病種臨床應用指南》制訂技術規范. 中國中西醫結合雜志, 2024, 44(4): 389-398.
15. Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ, 2008, 336(7650): 924-926.
16. Chen Y, Yang K, Maru?ic A, et al. A reporting tool for practice guidelines in health care: the RIGHT statement. Ann Intern Med, 2017, 166(2): 128-132.
17. 王建新, 高學敏, 栗蕊, 等. 中西醫結合循證臨床實踐指南—指南主題、范圍及臨床問題確定的方法學建議. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2025, 25(10): 1191-1196.
18. Brouwers MC, Kerkvliet K, Spithoff K, et al. The AGREE reporting checklist: a tool to improve reporting of clinical practice guidelines. BMJ, 2016, 354: i4852.
19. Shea BJ, Reeves BC, Wells G, et al. AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both. BMJ, 2017, 358: j4008.
20. Sterne JAC, Savovi? J, Page MJ, et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ, 2019, 366: l4898.
21. Slim K, Nini E, Forestier D, et al. Methodological index for non-randomized studies (minors): development and validation of a new instrument. ANZ J Surg, 2003, 73(9): 712-716.
22. 王建新, 楊豐文, 高學敏, 等. “循證為主, 共識為輔, 經驗為鑒”在中醫藥/中西醫結合臨床實踐指南中應用方法解讀. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2025, 25(4): 454-459.
23. 王吉耀, 王強, 王小欽, 等. 中國臨床實踐指南評價體系的制訂與初步驗證. 上海醫學, 2018, 41(6): 321-326.
24. 李緒輝, 黃橋, 王永博, 等. 臨床實踐指南實施性促進研究之一: 實施性現狀與促進策略. 醫學新知, 2021, 31(6): 410-418.
25. Mustafa Z, Ghaffari M. Diagnostic methods, clinical guidelines, and antibiotic treatment for group a streptococcal pharyngitis: a narrative review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2020, 10: 563627.

Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Clinical application guidelines for the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of acute pharyngitis: a protocol

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