目的 了解5.12汶川大地震24個月后震區小學生的心理健康狀況，為進行震后長期心理危機干預提供依據。 方法 于2010年5月即汶川大地震發生后24個月，分別使用創傷應激量表兒童版（CRIES-13）、兒童抑郁障礙自評量表（DSRSC）、長處與困難問卷（SDQ）學生版，調查了553名來自于彭州災區的小學生的心理健康狀況及其影響因素。 結果 ① 災區小學生CRIES-13總分為（22.98 ± 12.29）分，其中大于劃界分（30分）者為143人，占總人數的25.9%；女性總分高于男性（Z=?2.031，P=0.042）；震后被轉移至安全地點的時間越長（OR=1.025，P=0.012）、家人傷亡越嚴重（OR=1.141，P=0.021），其CRIES-13總分大于劃界分的可能性越高。② 災區小學生DSRSC總分為（11.07 ± 5.78）分，其中總分大于劃界分（15分）者為120人，占總人數的21.7%；女性總分高于男性（Z=?2.508，P=0.012）；災區小學生的年齡（r=0.098，P=0.021）、震后被轉移至安全地點的時間（r=0.117，P=0.004）與DSRSC總分呈正相關。③ 災區小學生SDQ總困難因子得分為（14.97 ± 5.44）分，62.9%的人報告自身存在主觀困難；女性的情緒因子、親社會因子得分高于男性（Z=?3.123，P=0.002；Z=?2.243，P=0.025）；年齡越大，品行因子（χ2=7.604，P=0.023）、親社會因子（χ2=8.102；P=0.017）得分增加。 結論 震后災區小學生的心理健康狀況受到性別、年齡、震后被轉移至安全地點的時間、家人傷亡程度的影響，震后長期心理危機干預應綜合考慮這些相關因素以確定高危人群。
Objective To analyze the nurses' current view and perceptions of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) by a questionnaire and to promote the clinical application of ERAS. Methods We conducted a questionnaire study for nurses who attended the First West China Forum on Chest ERAS in Chengdu during September 26-27, 2016 and 259 questionnaires were collected for descriptive analysis. Results (1) The application status of ERAS: There were 13.5% responders whose hospital took a wait-an-see attitude, while the others' hospital took different actions for ERAS; 85.7% of nurses believed that ERAS in all surgeries should be used; 58.7% of nurses believed that the concept of ERAS was more in theory than in the practice; 40.2% of nurses thought that all patients were suitable for the application of ERAS; (2) 81.9% of nurses believed that the evaluation criteria of ERAS should be a combination of the average hospital stay, patients’ comprehensive feelings and social satisfaction; (3) 70.7% of nurses thought that the combination of subjects integration, surgery orientation and surgeon-nurse teamwork was the best model of ERAS; 44.8% of nurses thought the hospital administration was the best way to promote ERAS applications; (4) 69.1% of responders believed that immature plan, no consensus and norms and insecurity for doctors were the reasons for poor compliance of ERAS; 79.5% of nurses thought that the ERAS meeting should include the publicity of norms and consensus, analysis and implementation of projects and the status and progress of ERAS. Conclusion ERAS concept has been recognized by most nurses. Multidisciplinary collaboration and hospital promotion is the best way to achieve clinical applications.