目的 分析死胎死亡原因及可能的相關因素，為降低死胎發生的措施提供依據。 方法 對2007年1月－2011年12月住院分娩的609例死胎（≥28周） 的病例資料進行回顧性分析,包括對產檢次數差異、死胎性別、死胎孕周分布、母親年齡差別、母親文化程度等進行統計分析。 結果 ① 死胎的原因依次為：胎兒因素（41.2%），母體因素（24.1%），胎盤因素（21.7%）及不明原因（13.0%）；其中胎兒畸形、重度子癇前期及胎盤早剝為主要原因；② 母親的文化程度低、未建卡或未正規產檢者死胎發生的幾率高于正規產檢者，差異有統計學意義（P＜0.05）。 結論 加強圍產保健，早期篩查胎兒畸形、防治妊娠期并發癥及合并癥等都有助于降低死胎的發生率。
ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of different drug use regimens in preventing the development of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women in China. MethodsWe searched CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of published studies on the prevention of the onset of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women in China were searched between January 2000 and August 2024. After two investigators independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted the data, and evaluated the included studies, a network meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.0 software. ResultsA total of 33 RCTs with 5 364 patients involving five pharmacological intervention regimens were included. Network meta-analysis showed that aspirin combined with vitamins and aspirin combined with calcium were more effective than aspirin alone up to 36 weeks in preventing the onset of preeclampsia. The results of the best probability ranking showed that aspirin combined with vitamins and aspirin combined with calcium had a higher probability of being optimal for preventing the onset of preeclampsia. ConclusionAspirin is effective in preventing the development of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women in China, but it is necessary to develop an individual combination management plan according to the patient's specific situation.