ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate prediction models for in-hospital mortality risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CNKI databases from inception to May 30, 2025, to identify studies related to AMI in-hospital mortality prediction models. Risk of bias and applicability were assessed using the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST). Relevant data were extracted for model quality assessment. ResultsA total of 29 studies involving 75 AMI in-hospital mortality prediction models were included. Key predictive factors identified included Killip classification, neutrophil count, renal insufficiency, age, systolic blood pressure, and left ventricular ejection fraction. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) ranged from 0.580 to 0.998. Internal validation was reported in 21 studies, external validation in 4, and both in 4 studies. Model calibration was evaluated in 23 studies. Most models were presented as nomograms. All studies demonstrated good applicability, though 25 were rated as high risk of bias overall. ConclusionCurrent AMI in-hospital mortality prediction models show generally good predictive performance, with some variables exhibiting stable predictive effects. However, the lack of external validation and high risk of bias remain prevalent issues. Future studies should focus on prospective, multicenter, high-quality designs to enhance the practical and clinical value of these models.
Objective To investigate the clinical features and long-term prognosis of children with symptomatic epilepsy complicated by encephalofacial angiomatosis. Methods A total of 38 children with Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) complicated by symptomatic epilepsy who were diagnosed and treated in the Children's Hospital of Soochow University from January 2011 to June 2020 were selected as the research objects. Their clinical data were collected, and long-term follow-up studies were carried out. Results The clinical manifestations of SWS complicated by symptomatic epilepsy were diverse, with focal seizures being the most common (86.84%). Abnormalities were found in the cranial CT and MRI of all 38 children, mainly involving the parietal lobe and occipital lobe. Among the 38 children undergoing electroencephalogram (EEG) examinations, 31 had abnormal results. Among the abnormal EEGs, the background waves were asymmetrical on the left and right sides in 28 cases (the amplitude on the affected side was lower), 8 cases showed unilateral discharges to varying degrees, and 1 case showed bilateral high-amplitude discharges. Among the 38 cases, 2 did not use antiepileptic drugs, and 36 were treated with antiepileptic drugs, mainly with oxcarbazepine, topiramate, and levetiracetam. Eventually, 2 children were given surgical treatment due to drug-resistant epilepsy. Among the 38 cases, 19 (50.00%) were diagnosed with refractory epilepsy. Epilepsy occurring before the age of 2 are prone to develop into refractory epilepsy (P<0.05). All 38 children had sequelae to varying degrees, including 25 cases (65.79%) with severe sequelae and 13 cases (34.21%) with milder sequelae. Moreover, the earlier the age of epilepsy onset in children, the more likely it was to leave severe sequelae in the later stage (P=0.001). Conclusion Children with Sturge-Weber syndrome complicated by symptomatic epilepsy mainly have focal seizures. About half of them suffer from refractory epilepsy. The earlier the age of epileptic seizures, the more likely it is to develop into refractory epilepsy. The long-term prognosis of such children is rather poor. Among the 38 cases followed up, all had sequelae of varying degrees.