膽道并發癥發生率的高低往往代表了一個肝移植中心的整體技術水平。歐美成熟的肝移植中心膽道并發癥發生率為7%~10%，1年生存率達到90%。來自中國肝移植登記注冊網（CTLR）的資料： 香港瑪麗醫院2006年統計了香港公民在大陸進行肝移植的148例患者，在長期隨訪中發現，有48%的受體發生了膽道并發癥，1年生存率只有59%； 說明目前肝移植膽道并發癥的防治仍然是亟待解決的難題。究其原因，還是對膽管微循環保護的研究不夠深入和并發癥發生的防治體系不夠完善，筆者就此談幾點體會。1膽管微循環保護的理論人體肝臟膽管及血管鑄型模型的研究顯示，膽管為動脈單一供血，肝固有動脈和胃十二指腸動脈終末支分出3點、9點動脈滋養肝外膽管，并構成肝門部膽管周圍血管叢(peribiliary vascular plexus,PVP)，膽管的動脈系統與門靜脈之間無明顯的交通血管，門靜脈在膽管的血液供應中作用有限 (圖1)。在動脈損傷時膽管很難從別的途徑獲得充分的血液供應，從而造成膽管的缺血性損傷。碳素墨汁灌注透明法顯示，肝門部每個肝葉膽管及其分叉部均有肝固有動脈的較大分支支配，肝動脈的分支與膽管壁微血管之間呈垂直的連接方式。膽管厚切片透明后可清楚地顯示出PVP的平面結構: 外層微血管直徑較粗，內層微血管象鏈條一樣排列，中層微血管連接在內、外層之間[３](圖2)。動脈血流從外層較粗大血管流入位于膽管黏膜下的內層微血管，它是膽管動脈的終末分支,由內層微血管滋養的膽管上皮細胞層是膽管最易受損的部位(Achilles heel)。所以，肝移植中膽管動脈灌洗非常重要，應盡可能選用能夠進入膽管黏膜內層血管網的低黏滯度灌注液。筆者研究證實了HCA液結合UW液灌注快速獲取無心跳供體（NHBD）的肝臟，其保存效果優于單用UW液、Celsior液或HTK液，采用價廉低黏滯度HCA液聯合UW液灌注，既能防止膽管PVP微血栓形成，又能充分發揮UW液對肝細胞和膽管細胞的保護作用.............................
Objective To refine the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 7q21－22 and identify the new tumor suppressor gene(s) in colorectal tumorigenesis. Methods Fifteen polymorphic microsatellite markers were analyzed on chromosome 7 and another 5 markers were applied on chromosome 7q21-22 region in 83 cases of colorectal cancer and normal DNA by PCR. PCR products were electrophoresed on an ABI Prism 377 DNA sequencer. GeneScan 3.1 and Genotyper 2.1 software were used for LOH scanning and analysis. Results A distinct region of frequent allelic deletion was observed on chromosome, another 5 polymorphic microsatellite markers were applied to 7q21-22 and the minimal region of frequent LOH was established on 7q21-22 spanning the D7S657, D7S646 locus. Conclusion Through detailed deletion mapping studies, a critical and precise region spanning the D7S657, D7S646 locus is identified, which must contain one or more unknown tumor suppressor gene(s) on colorectal cancer.