ObjectiveTo evaluate liver perfusion in pregnant women with hepatitis between 13 and 41 weeks of gestation by three-dimensional color power Doppler angiography (3D-CPA) vascular indexes. MethodsThis study involved 73 pregnant women with hepatitis and 44 healthy pregnant women who had the pregnancy examination between February 2012 and June 2013. We sampled in the area which was near the right lobe of the pregnant women liver's portal vein branch, and obtained the vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI) via the virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL) method. Then, we compared the liver perfusion differences between the pregnant women with hepatitis and healthy pregnant women. ResultsThe hepatic flow indexes obtained by 3D-CPA were significantly different between the HBV-DNA viral load and the control groups. The cutoff values of the three vascular indexes of patients with hepatitis with HBV-DNA viral load and the healthy pregnant women were respectively VI=8.760 (P<3×10-4); FI=22.180 (P<6×10-7); and VFI=1.575 (P<3×10-5). ConclusionApplication of the 3D-CPA on liver perfusion may differentiate pregnant women with hepatitis B from normal ones, thus offer a support for clinical prevention and treatment for pregnant women with hepatitis B.
Objective To investigate the early diagnosis of lower l imb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after major orthopedic surgeries. Methods From October 2005 to June 2009, color doppler sonography and hemorheology detection were carried out for 62 cases undergoing first total hip arthroplasty (THA), 14 cases undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and 86 cases undergoing hip fractures surgery (HFS) before operation and 1, 7, 14 days after operation. The plasma D-dimerlevels of the DVT were also examined for the THA patients before operation and 3 days after operation. Of all cases, therewere 89 males and 73 females, aged from 34 to 74 years (51.5 years on average). After operation, all the patients were treated with the regular low molecular weight heparin sodium against DVT. Results After operation, 17 cases (10.5%) developed DVT, including 8 THA cases, 1 TKA case, and 8 HFS cases. Preoperative color doppler sonography showed no abnormal echo, normal b blood flow signal, and normal periodical variation in vein blood flow without regurgitation. Postoperative examinations showed that the vascular occlusion of common femoral vein and popl iteal vein occurred in DVT patients. There were significant differences (P lt; 0.05) in whole blood viscosity between patients with DVT and without DVT after 1, 14 days and no significant difference (P gt; 0.05) before operation and 7 days after operation. There was no significant difference (P gt; 0.05) in plasma viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation index, between patients with DVT and without DVT pre- and postoperation. There was significant difference (P lt; 0.05) in erythrocyte deformation index between patients with DVT and without DVT 14 days after operation. The preoperative plasma D-dimer levels of patients with DVT and without DVT were (372.00 ± 148.62) ng/mL and (369.00 ± 141.03) ng/mL, respectively, showing no significant difference (P gt; 0.05); the 3 days postoperatively levels were (574.00 ± 217.29) ng/mL and (391.00 ± 120.16) ng/mL, respectively, showing significant difference (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion Color doppler sonography in combination of hemorheology and plasma D-dimer examination can be beneficial for the early diagnosis of DVT in major orthopedic surgeries.
ObjectiveTo analyze the color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) features of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) at different stages. MethodsA retrospective study. A total of 104 patients with 201 eyes from Department of Ophthalmology of Beijing Tongren Hospital who were hospitalized for fundus examination and diagnosed with FEVR from 2018 to 2022 were included. There were 69 male cases with 133 eyes and 35 female cases with 68 eyes. The age was ranged from 2 months to 11 years, with a mean age of 2.9 years. Fundus and CDFI examination were performed in both eyes. Fluorescein fundus angiography was performed in 72 cases (144 eyes). FEVR staging was conducted according to literature standards. The presence of avascular areas in the peripheral retina or abnormal retina neovascularization was stage 1; the presence of retinal neovascularization at the vitreoretinal interface in the avascular area was stage 2; partial retinal detachment without macula involvement was stage 3; partial retinal detachment involving the macula was stage 4; complete retinal detachment was stage 5. The CDFI ultrasound features of FEVR at different stages were analyzed. The CDFI image features of FEVR patients in different stages were observed. ResultsAmong the 104 patients, 97 (93.3%, 97/104) cases were binocular and 7 (6.7%, 7/104) cases were monocular. In 201 eyes, stages 1 to 5 of FEVR were 49 (24.4%, 49/201), 23 (11.4%, 23/201), 39 (19.4%, 39/201), 71 (35.3%, 71/201), and 19 (9.5%, 19/201) eyes, respectively. CDFI examination showed no abnormality or mild vitreous opacity in 49 eyes vitreous body at stage 1. Vitreous opacities were observed in all 23 eyes in stage 2, and the echo of the temporal ballwall was not smooth. In 39 eyes at stage 3, the anterior globular cluster echo in temporal peripheral eyes was observed in 17 eyes and partial retinal detachment was observed in 13 eyes. In 71 eyes at stage 4, 51 eyes had temporal or infratemporal retinal folds, and 20 eyes had temporal retinal detachment. All the 19 eyes in stage 5 had total retinal detachment, of which 15 eyes had closed "funnel-shaped" retinal detachment. Among the patients with retinal folds, 13 had bilateral folds, and the fellow eyes of the other 25 patients with unilateral folds all had vitreous opacity or clump echo in front of the temporal spherical wall. Blood flow signals could be detected on the retinal folds with Doppler imaging. ConclusionsThe CDFI manifestations of FEVR patients at different stages have different characteristics. The possibility of FEVR should be considered when the temporal or infratemporal retinal folds of both eyes are present, as well as the retinal folds of one eye, the contralateral vitreous body opacity, or the anterior temporal peribulbar cluster echoes are present.
Objective To determine the affected factors of intraorbital hemodynamic results in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the risk factors related to the occurrence of DR. Methods Posterior ciliary artery (PCA), central retinal artery (CRA), central retinal vein (CRV), and vortex vein (VV) of 68 patients with DR were measured by color Doppler flow image (CDFI). Thirty-one hemodynamic parameters, including systolic velocity, diastolic velocity, mean velocity, resistive index, pulsatility index and accelerative velocity of ophthalmic artery (OA), and other variates (blood pressure, blood sugar, gender, age, duration of the disease, and so on) were collected and clustered in a principal components analys is following a forward, stepwise logistic regression on these components. Results Nine principal components were extracted from 37 original variates, reflecting the velocity of OA, velocity of PCA, resistance of OA, velocity of CRA,resistance of CRA, resistance of PCA, time-related factor, venous drainage factor and gender factor, respectively. In the result of logistic regression, resistance of OA, velocity of CRA, resistance of PCA, time-related factor, and venous drainage factor were the risk factors related to DR. Conclusion The first risk factor affecting DR is time, and intraorbital hemodynamic abnormity influencing the development of diabetic retinopathy may be the increase of resistance of OA, decrease of velocity of CRA, decrease of resistance of PCA, and increase of venous drainage. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：98-100)