Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of vitrectomy on Eales disease and the correlated factors affecting the visual prognosis and disease outcomes. Methods The clinical and follow-up data from 128 patients (142 eyes) with Eales disease undergone vitrectomy were retrospec tively analyzed. The statistical methods including t test,chi;2test, one-way Anova method of square-deviation(SD), and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between the general data of the patients (including age, sex, laterality of the eye, visual acuity before the treatment, stages of disease, duration from vitreous hemorrhage to vitrectomy, neovascularization and proliferative vitreoretinopathy, and whether or not combined with retinal detachment and other complications) and the prognosis of the visual acuity after surgery (including the surgical method, techniques, and times and complications after the surgery). The patients were 18-45 years old (mean 28.5 years) with single vitreous hemorrhage in 28 and proliferative changes in 114 in whom 59 had retinal detachment. The follow-up period after the surgery was more than 3 months (mean 35.8 months). The success criteria of the surgery were complete or part retinal reattachment, and failure of retinal reattachment, eye-ball atrophy or excis ion of the affected eye were the failure criteria. Results Successful vitrectomies had been performed on 129 eyes (90.8%) and unsuccessful ones on 13 eyes (9.2%). The difference between the stages of the disease and prognosis of visual acuity after the surgery was significant (chi;2=64.0, Plt;0.01); the duration of vitreous hemorrhage obviously affected the prognosis of visual acuity (OR=11.6，Plt;0.01); the degree, quality, curable possibility, and recurrent probability of combined retinal detachment were the key factors affecting the visual acuity after vitrectomy; the visual acuity before and after the surgery was interrelated; the method and techniques of the surgery and the different filling matters affected the visual acuity after the surgery; the difference between multiple times and once of surgery was significant (chi;2=66.84，Plt;0.01); the degree of complexity of the operative procedure, especially repetitious vitrectomies obviously affected the surgical prognosis and the improvement of visual acuity; the possibility of fa ilure of the surgery differs 7 times in patients with or without post-operative complications ( chi;2=67.23，Plt;0.01); whether the post-operative complications occurred or not significantly affected the prognosis of the visual acuity a-fter the surgery. Conclusions Vitrectomy is effective for Eales disease. The important factors affecting the prognosis of visual acuity after the operation include stages of disease, degree and extent of proliferative vitreoretinopathy, whether or not combined with retinal detachment and other complic ations, duration from vitreous hemorrhage to vitrectomy, the degree of complexity of the operation, and the complications during or after the operation. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22:291-294)
Objective To investigate the effect of hypericin on the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) in cultured human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in vitro.Methods RPE cells were cultured in standard medium with 10% serum concentrations containing 0.5 to 5.0 μmol/L hypericin with or without preincubation of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). The activities of cytosolic PKC (c-PKC) and membranous PKC (m-PKC) were assayed by PKC kit. Results The original activities of c-PKC and m-PKC of RPE cells were (35.34±4.10) pmol·min-1·mg-1and (62.52±8.80) pmol·min-1·mg-1.The activity of c-PKC in RPE cells with PMA preincubation decreased rapidly in 5 minutes, with a subsequent slow decrease after 20 minutes and a decrease to 18% of the activity of c-PKC in RPE cells without PMA preinubation after 60 minutes. While the activity of m-PKC in RPE cells with PMA preincubation increased gradually after 5 minutes and reduced after reached the peak at 40 minutes, and then returned to baseline after 60 minutes, eventually decreased below 30% of the control group. When RPE cells were cultured with PMA for 48 hours, the activities of c-PKC and m-PKC were hardly detectable, while RPE cells were cultured with both PMA and hypericin, hypericin could counteract most of down-regulation by PMA. Conclusion Hypericin may inhibit the translocation of PKC in RPE cells,change the activity of PKC, promote the apoptosis of RPE cells likely,and then prevent proliferative vitreoretinopathy. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2003，19：55-58)
Objective To observe the expression of proinflammatory factors messenger RNA(mRNA) in periretinal membrane of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Methods Fourteen specimens of periretinal membrane were collected during vitrectomy, and they were made into paraffin sections.The presence of mRNA coding for IL-1,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF alpha was observed by in situ hybridization(ISH) with biotin labeled oligonuclotide probes respectively.The eyeball after corneal grafting was made as normal control. Results No expression of proinflammatory factors mRNA was found in normal human retina.Positive staining was present in 5 specimens.In these specimens, IL-1βmRNA was found in 3 specimens and TNFαmRNA was found in 3 specimens,there is 1 specimen expressed IL-8 mRNA and 3 specimens expressed IL-6 mRNA.In these positive specimens, one contained cells expressing mRNA for IL-1βbeta and IL-6, and one exhibited cells expressing mRNA for IL-1β、IL-8 and TNFα,two membranes possessed positive cells for IL-6 and TNFαmRNA, one membrane contained IL-1βmRNA positive cells only. Conclusion These findings suggest that these cytokines may be locally produced by cells infiltrating epiretinal membranes. The expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNFαmRNA within retinal membranes provides further evidence of a pathogenic role of these cytokines in proliferative vitreoretinopathy. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 286-288)
Objective To determine whether local delivery of c-myc shRNA could inhibit hyperplasia and lithogenic potentiality in a rat model of chronic proliferative cholangitis (CPC) via specific blockade of the c-myc expression. Methods The CPC animal model (CPC group) was established via retrograde insertion of a 5-0 nylon thread into the common bile duct through Vater’s papilla. Three kinds of c-myc shRNAs were then respectively injected in c-myc shRNA group, which were included shRNA-1, shRNA-2, and shRNA-3, respectively. Negative control group and sham operation group were established for comparison. Subsequently, histopathological changes of bile duct wall were observed by HE, Massion, and PAS/AB staining; c-myc protein was detected by immunohistochemistry method; 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) protein was tested by immumofluorescence method; c-myc, Mucin 3, and Procollagen Ⅰ mRNAs were detected by real time PCR; Ki-67 protein was determined by Western blot; Activity of β-glucuronidase was measured by modified Fisherman method. Results ①Compared with the CPC and negative control groups, biliary tract mucosa epithelium (HE staining), submucosal acid mucinous gland (mid-blue staining, PAS/AB staining), and degree of over-hyperplasia of collagen fiber in bile duct wall (blue staining, Massion staining) were weaker in the c-myc shRNA group. ②The expressions of c-myc mRNA, Mucin 3 mRNA, Procollagen Ⅰ mRNA, Ki-67 protein, and β-G activity in the c-myc shRNA group were lower than those of the CPC and negative control groups (Plt;0.05), but higher than those of the sham operation group (Plt;0.05). Conclusion c-myc shRNA treatment could effectively inhibit the hyperplastic behavior and lithogenic potential of CPC, which might help to prevent the biliary restenosis and stone recurrence.
Purpose To study the possibility of prevention of proliferative vitreoretinopathy（PVR） by transduction of exogenous gene in vivo． Methods PVR model of rabbits was induced by intravitreal injection of fibroblasts．beta;-galactosidase (lacZ) gene as a reporter gene was transfered into the vitreous of PVR model eyes mediated by retroviral vector, and the expression of the gene in eye tissues was determined ． Gene transfection was done on the 6th day after fibroblasts injection,and the dosage of intravitreal injection of reporter gene was 0．1ml PLXSN/lacZ serum-free supernatant (1．1times;106 cfu/ml)． Results lacZ gene expression was seen in proliferative membranes after gene transfection, and the expression was located maily at the surface of PVR membrane．The reporter gene expression lasted at least more than 30 days．No expression was found in retinal tissues． Conclusions Retrovirus mediated gene can be directionally transducted in PVR membrane,and might possess the feasibility of gene therapy for PVR． (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:224-226)
Objective To investigate the inhibitive effect of E2F decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (E2F decoy ODNs) on cultured human retinal pigment epithelial (HRPE) cells.Methods E2F decoy ODNs or scramble decoy ODNs at varied concentrations were put into the HRPE cells mediated by lipofectamineTM2000. The proliferative activity of HRPE was detected by methythiazolyl-terazollium assay, and the competitive combinative activity of E2F decoy ODNs and transcription factor E2F was detected by electrophoresis mobility-shift assay. Results The proliferation of HRPE was inhibited markedly by E2F decoy ODNs at the concentration of 0.2 μmol/L (P=0.002) in a dose-dependent manner but not by scrambled decoy. The results of electrophoresis mobility-shift assay showed that the combinative activity of transcription factor E2F was abolished completely by E2F decoy ODNs. Conclusions E2F decoy ODNs may sequence-specifically inhibit the combinative activity of transcripti on factor E2F,and inhibit the proliferation of HRPE cells.(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：182-185)