516例維、漢兩民族住院肺血栓栓塞癥患者危險因素分析_《中國循證醫學雜志》

作者：

艾力曼馬合木提 ¹ , 西艾木西卡買爾艾合買提 ² , 席勤妹 ¹ , 凱麗比努爾阿布都熱合曼 ¹ ,  哈木拉提吾甫爾 ³

1. 新疆醫科大學第一附屬醫院心臟中心（烏魯木齊 830054）；2. 新疆醫科大學第一附屬醫院呼吸科（烏魯木齊 830054）；3. 新疆醫科大學（烏魯木齊 830000）;

關鍵詞：

肺血栓栓塞癥危險因素維吾爾族漢族

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20120104

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目的回顧性分析新疆醫科大學第一附屬醫院近7年住院的516例肺血栓栓塞癥（pulmonary thromboembolism，PTE）患者的危險因素、臨床資料，探討維、漢兩民族PTE患者危險因素構成特點的差異性。
方法回顧性分析2004至2010年7年間在新疆醫科大學第一附屬醫院住院的PTE患者的臨床資料。統計學處理采用t檢驗、χ2檢驗。
結果 ① 共納入資料完整的PTE患者516例，其平均年齡57.5±14.8歲。其中漢族360例（69.8%），平均年齡63.5±15.5歲；維吾爾族156例（30.2%），平均年齡52.8±14.3歲。漢族PTE患者高峰年齡在70歲以上，維吾爾族PTE患者高峰年齡為60～69歲。② 維、漢兩民族PTE患者臨床表現比較差異無統計學意義。③ 維、漢兩民族PTE患者較常見的基礎病因和獲得性危險因素為年齡≥40歲（87.0%），其次為肥胖（70.5%）、既往栓塞史（60.9%，包括DVT、PTE、腦梗塞、心肌梗死）及高脂血癥（38.0%）。維吾爾族PTE人群的主要獲得性危險因素中肥胖多見（79.5%），而漢族人群是吸煙（37.8%）。
結論年齡≥40歲、肥胖、既往栓塞史及高脂血癥可能是PTE患者較常見的獲得性危險因素及基礎疾病，維吾爾族PTE人群肥胖較多見。本結論尚需進一步開展更多大樣本的病例-對照研究驗證。

引用本文： 艾力曼馬合木提 ,西艾木西卡買爾艾合買提,席勤妹,凱麗比努爾阿布都熱合曼,哈木拉提吾甫爾. 516例維、漢兩民族住院肺血栓栓塞癥患者危險因素分析. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2012, 12(6): 635-641. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20120104 復制

1.	Torbicki A, Perrier A, Konstantinides S, et al. Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism: the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Management of Acute pulmonary Embolism of the European Society of Cardiology（ESC). Eur Heart J, 2008, 29(18): 2276-2315.
2.	Stein PD, Huang H, Afazal A, et al. Incidence of acute pulmonary embolism in a general hospital: relation to age, sex and rece. Chest, 1999, 116(4): 909-913.
3.	Schmidt M, Horvath-Puho E, Thomsen RW, et al. Acute infections and venous thromboembolism. J Intern Med, 2011, 1111(10): 1365-2796.
4.	Glynn RJ, Rosner B. Comparison of risk factors for the competing risks of coronary heart disease, stroke, and venous thromboembolism. Am J Epidemiol, 2005, 162(10): 975-982.
5.	Montagnana M, Favaloro EJ, Franchini M, et al. The role of ethnicity, age and gender in venous thromboembolism. J Thromb Thrombolysis, 2010, 29(4): 489-496.
6.	Heit JA, Beckman MG, Bockenstedt PL, et al. Comparison of characteristics from White- and Black-Americans with venous thromboembolism: a cross-sectional study. Am J Hematol, 2010, 85(7): 467-471.
7.	Goldhaber SZ. Pulmonary embolism in Black Americans. Am J Hematol, 2010, 85(7): 465-466.
8.	Freeman AL, Pendleton RC, Rondina MT. Prevention of venous thromboembolism in obesity. Expert Rev Cardiovasc, 2010, 8(12): 1711-1721.
9.	Vayá A, Martínez-Triguero ML, España F, et al. The metabolic syndrome and its individual components: its association with venous thromboembolism in a Mediterranean population. Metab Syndr Relat Disord, 2011, 9(3): 197-201.
10.	Di Minno MN, Tufano A, Rusolillo A, et al. High prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver in patients with idiopathic venous thromboembolism. World J Gastroenterol, 2010, 16(48): 6119-6122.
11.	楊環, 李娥, 喬云麗. 維漢兩民族肺血栓栓塞癥環境危險因素分析及護理探討. 國際護理學雜志, 2009, 28(6): 766-768.
12.	馬依彤, 劉宇, 湯寶鵬, 等. 新疆維吾爾族與漢族冠狀動脈造影對比分析. 中國介入心臟病學雜志, 2001, 9(4): 211-212.
13.	Ageno W, Becattini C, Brighton T, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors and venous thromboembolism: a meta-analysis. Circulation, 2008, 117(1): 93-102.
14.	Tsai AW, Cushman M, Rosamond WD, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors and venous thromboembolism incidence: the Longitudinal Investigation of Thromboembolism Etiology. Arch Intern Med, 2002, 162(10): 1182-1189.
15.	Prandoni P, Bilora F, Marchiori A, et al. An association between atherosclerosis and venous thrombosis. N Engl J Med, 2003, 348(15): 1435-1441.
16.	Becattini C, Agnelli G, Prandoni P, et al. A prospective study on cardiovascular events after acute pulmonary embolism. Eur Heart J, 2005, 26(1): 77-83.
17.	Ay C, Tengler T, Vormittag R, et al. Venous thromboembolism--a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Haematologica, 2007, 92(3): 374-380.
18.	鄧朝勝, 林其昌, 王辰. 老年人肺栓塞的特點和肺血栓栓塞癥診斷策略. 中華老年醫學雜志, 2008, 27(1): 12-13.
19.	Hjalmarson A, Gilpin EA, Kjekshus J, et al. Influence of heart rate on mortality after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol, 1990, 65(9): 547-553.
20.	CarnethonMR, Yan L, Greenland P, et al. Resting heart rate in middle age and diabetes development in older age. Diabetes Care, 2008, 31(2): 335-339.
21.	Poole-Wilson PA, Uretsky BF, Thygesen K, et al. Mode of death in heart failure: findings from the ATLAS trial. Heart, 2003, 89(1): 42-48.
22.	Benetos A. Hypertension-heart rate and cardiovascular risk. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss, 2000, 93(11): 1371-1376.
23.	Giannoglou GD, Chatzizisis YS, Zamboulis C, et al. Elevated heart rate and atherosclerosis: an overview of the pathogenetic mechanisms. Int J Cardiol, 2008, 126(3): 302-312.
24.	Gangireddy C, Rectenwald JR, Upchurch GR, et al. Risk factors and clinical impact of postoperative symptomatic venous thromboembolism. J Vasc Surg, 2007, 45(2): 335-341.
25.	Moua T, Wood K. COPD and PE: a clinical dilemma. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis, 2008, 3(2): 277-284.
26.	Naithani R, Agrawal N, Choudhary VP. Deep venous thrombosis associated with tuberculosis. Blood coagul Fibrinolysis, 2007, 18(4): 377-380.
27.	孫葵葵, 王辰, 古力夏提, 等. 深靜脈血栓形成的危險因素及臨床分析. 中華結核和呼吸雜志, 2004, 27(411): 727-730.
28.	齊海梅, 劉兵, 艾虎. 70歲以上老年人肺血栓栓塞的臨床特點分析. 中華老年醫學雜志, 2004, 23(4): 228-231.
29.	Severinsen MT, Overvad K, Johnsen SP, et al. Genetic susceptibility, smoking, obesity and risk of venous thromboembolism. Br J Haematol, 2010, 149(2): 273-279.
30.	Angchaisuksiri P, Atichartakarn V, Aryurachai K, et al. Risk factors of venous thromboembolism in thai patients. Int J Hematol, 2007, 86(5): 397-402.
31.	閨振宇, 華寶來, 馬西虎, 等. 672例靜脈血栓栓塞癥相關危險因素分析. 中華血液學雜志, 2007, 28(9): 579-582.

1. Torbicki A, Perrier A, Konstantinides S, et al. Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism: the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Management of Acute pulmonary Embolism of the European Society of Cardiology（ESC). Eur Heart J, 2008, 29(18): 2276-2315.
2. Stein PD, Huang H, Afazal A, et al. Incidence of acute pulmonary embolism in a general hospital: relation to age, sex and rece. Chest, 1999, 116(4): 909-913.
3. Schmidt M, Horvath-Puho E, Thomsen RW, et al. Acute infections and venous thromboembolism. J Intern Med, 2011, 1111(10): 1365-2796.
4. Glynn RJ, Rosner B. Comparison of risk factors for the competing risks of coronary heart disease, stroke, and venous thromboembolism. Am J Epidemiol, 2005, 162(10): 975-982.
5. Montagnana M, Favaloro EJ, Franchini M, et al. The role of ethnicity, age and gender in venous thromboembolism. J Thromb Thrombolysis, 2010, 29(4): 489-496.
6. Heit JA, Beckman MG, Bockenstedt PL, et al. Comparison of characteristics from White- and Black-Americans with venous thromboembolism: a cross-sectional study. Am J Hematol, 2010, 85(7): 467-471.
7. Goldhaber SZ. Pulmonary embolism in Black Americans. Am J Hematol, 2010, 85(7): 465-466.
8. Freeman AL, Pendleton RC, Rondina MT. Prevention of venous thromboembolism in obesity. Expert Rev Cardiovasc, 2010, 8(12): 1711-1721.
9. Vayá A, Martínez-Triguero ML, España F, et al. The metabolic syndrome and its individual components: its association with venous thromboembolism in a Mediterranean population. Metab Syndr Relat Disord, 2011, 9(3): 197-201.
10. Di Minno MN, Tufano A, Rusolillo A, et al. High prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver in patients with idiopathic venous thromboembolism. World J Gastroenterol, 2010, 16(48): 6119-6122.
11. 楊環, 李娥, 喬云麗. 維漢兩民族肺血栓栓塞癥環境危險因素分析及護理探討. 國際護理學雜志, 2009, 28(6): 766-768.
12. 馬依彤, 劉宇, 湯寶鵬, 等. 新疆維吾爾族與漢族冠狀動脈造影對比分析. 中國介入心臟病學雜志, 2001, 9(4): 211-212.
13. Ageno W, Becattini C, Brighton T, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors and venous thromboembolism: a meta-analysis. Circulation, 2008, 117(1): 93-102.
14. Tsai AW, Cushman M, Rosamond WD, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors and venous thromboembolism incidence: the Longitudinal Investigation of Thromboembolism Etiology. Arch Intern Med, 2002, 162(10): 1182-1189.
15. Prandoni P, Bilora F, Marchiori A, et al. An association between atherosclerosis and venous thrombosis. N Engl J Med, 2003, 348(15): 1435-1441.
16. Becattini C, Agnelli G, Prandoni P, et al. A prospective study on cardiovascular events after acute pulmonary embolism. Eur Heart J, 2005, 26(1): 77-83.
17. Ay C, Tengler T, Vormittag R, et al. Venous thromboembolism--a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Haematologica, 2007, 92(3): 374-380.
18. 鄧朝勝, 林其昌, 王辰. 老年人肺栓塞的特點和肺血栓栓塞癥診斷策略. 中華老年醫學雜志, 2008, 27(1): 12-13.
19. Hjalmarson A, Gilpin EA, Kjekshus J, et al. Influence of heart rate on mortality after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol, 1990, 65(9): 547-553.
20. CarnethonMR, Yan L, Greenland P, et al. Resting heart rate in middle age and diabetes development in older age. Diabetes Care, 2008, 31(2): 335-339.
21. Poole-Wilson PA, Uretsky BF, Thygesen K, et al. Mode of death in heart failure: findings from the ATLAS trial. Heart, 2003, 89(1): 42-48.
22. Benetos A. Hypertension-heart rate and cardiovascular risk. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss, 2000, 93(11): 1371-1376.
23. Giannoglou GD, Chatzizisis YS, Zamboulis C, et al. Elevated heart rate and atherosclerosis: an overview of the pathogenetic mechanisms. Int J Cardiol, 2008, 126(3): 302-312.
24. Gangireddy C, Rectenwald JR, Upchurch GR, et al. Risk factors and clinical impact of postoperative symptomatic venous thromboembolism. J Vasc Surg, 2007, 45(2): 335-341.
25. Moua T, Wood K. COPD and PE: a clinical dilemma. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis, 2008, 3(2): 277-284.
26. Naithani R, Agrawal N, Choudhary VP. Deep venous thrombosis associated with tuberculosis. Blood coagul Fibrinolysis, 2007, 18(4): 377-380.
27. 孫葵葵, 王辰, 古力夏提, 等. 深靜脈血栓形成的危險因素及臨床分析. 中華結核和呼吸雜志, 2004, 27(411): 727-730.
28. 齊海梅, 劉兵, 艾虎. 70歲以上老年人肺血栓栓塞的臨床特點分析. 中華老年醫學雜志, 2004, 23(4): 228-231.
29. Severinsen MT, Overvad K, Johnsen SP, et al. Genetic susceptibility, smoking, obesity and risk of venous thromboembolism. Br J Haematol, 2010, 149(2): 273-279.
30. Angchaisuksiri P, Atichartakarn V, Aryurachai K, et al. Risk factors of venous thromboembolism in thai patients. Int J Hematol, 2007, 86(5): 397-402.
31. 閨振宇, 華寶來, 馬西虎, 等. 672例靜脈血栓栓塞癥相關危險因素分析. 中華血液學雜志, 2007, 28(9): 579-582.

《中國循證醫學雜志》

516例維、漢兩民族住院肺血栓栓塞癥患者危險因素分析

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《中國循證醫學雜志》

516例維、漢兩民族住院肺血栓栓塞癥患者危險因素分析

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