Advances in immune mechanisms and biomarkers of severe acute pancreatitis_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

YI Qi ¹ , TAN Chaochao ² ,  HUANG Ying ¹

1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan 410005, P. R. China;
2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan 410005, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

HUANG Ying, Email: w3131@hunnu.edu.cn

Keywords：

Immune imbalance; immunosuppression; cytokine storm; immune mechanisms; immune biomarkers

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202607129

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) presents with a fulminant clinical course, and immune imbalance serves as a core pathophysiological process throughout disease progression. Focusing on the dynamic evolution of SAP, this review elaborates the molecular mechanisms by which acinar cell injury triggers the immune cascade, delineates the functional heterogeneity of innate and adaptive immune cells, cytokine regulatory networks, and the mechanisms of distant organ injury mediated by the gut lymphatic pathway, and systematically summarizes research advances in core diagnostic immune biomarkers categorized into proinflammatory cytokines, immune cell-associated indicators, endothelial injury markers and omics-derived molecules, thereby providing theoretical evidence for severity stratification and mechanistic investigation of SAP.

Citation： YI Qi, TAN Chaochao, HUANG Ying. Advances in immune mechanisms and biomarkers of severe acute pancreatitis. West China Medical Journal, 2026, 41(8): 1361-1367. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202607129 Copy

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3. Shi L, Li W, Chen D, et al. TNF-α drives pancreatic microcirculatory dysfunction via CD8+ T cell-mediated endothelial injury in severe acute pancreatitis[J]. Gut, 2026: gutjnl-2025-337183.
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West China Medical Journal

Advances in immune mechanisms and biomarkers of severe acute pancreatitis

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