Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of occupational exposure to acupuncture needles among acupuncture practitioners in Southwest China_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

LIU Ying , CAO Li , ZHANG Yuhan , ZHOU Ping ,  JIANG Wenjing

Department of Hospital Infection Management, Zigong First People’s Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

JIANG Wenjing, Email: 576354241@qq.com

Keywords：

Acupuncture needles; needlestick injuries; occupational exposure; influencing factors

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202601125

Video：

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Objective To explore the current status and influencing factors of occupational exposure to acupuncture needles among acupuncture practitioners in Southwest China. Methods From April 15 to April 30, 2024, medical staff engaged in acupuncture diagnosis and treatment in 98 hospitals in Southwest China were selected by convenience sampling. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate their general information, occupational exposure protection awareness, occupational exposure risk perception, and the occurrence of occupational exposure to acupuncture needles. Binary logistic regression was employed to analyze the factors influencing occupational exposure to acupuncture needles. Results A total of 567 questionnaires were distributed, and 564 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 99.47%. Among the 564 practitioners surveyed, 195 experienced occupational exposure to acupuncture needles, yielding a person-based incidence rate of 34.57% (195/564). A total of 417 exposure episodes were reported, with an exposure event rate of 0.74 episodes per person (417/564). Of these exposures, 84.89% (354/417) were caused by filiform needles, and 41.73% (174/417) occurred during the needle removal process. After exposure, 78.42% (327/417) of the affected individuals managed the wounds according to standard protocols, and 53.72% (224/417) reported the incidents in a timely manner. Logistic regression analysis revealed that gender [females vs. males: odds ratio (OR)=1.755, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.136, 2.710), P=0.011], job category [nurses vs. physicians: OR=3.252, 95%CI (1.312, 8.058), P=0.011; others vs. physicians: OR=2.774, 95%CI (1.049, 7.332), P=0.040], pre-exposure prevention awareness [OR=0.767, 95%CI (0.662, 0.890), P<0.001], perceived likelihood of occupational exposure risk [OR=1.431, 95%CI (1.222, 1.676), P<0.001], and risk response [OR=0.889, 95%CI (0.811, 0.976), P=0.013] were independent influencing factors for occupational exposure to acupuncture needles among acupuncture practitioners. Conclusions The incidence of occupational exposure to acupuncture needles among acupuncture practitioners in Southwest China is relatively high, and is influenced by multiple factors including gender, job category, pre-exposure prevention awareness, perceived likelihood of risk, and risk response. Therefore, targeted intervention measures should be taken based on the characteristics of exposure to minimize the occurrence of occupational exposure to acupuncture needles.

Citation： LIU Ying, CAO Li, ZHANG Yuhan, ZHOU Ping, JIANG Wenjing. Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of occupational exposure to acupuncture needles among acupuncture practitioners in Southwest China. West China Medical Journal, 2026, 41(3): 417-423. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202601125 Copy

1.	王麗雯, 吳碧玉, 陳連珠. 中醫醫療技術的感染預防及原因分析. 中國衛生標準管理, 2021, 12(18): 120-123.
2.	王鵬, 沈劼, 施圣杰, 等. 中醫外治法歷史源流與現代研究進展. 南京中醫藥大學學報, 2022, 38(11): 990-999.
3.	魏輝, 鞏昌鎮, 田海河, 等. 從經驗到證據的臨床針灸醫學—現代針灸療效研方法探討(一). 中醫藥導報, 2021, 27(5): 1-8.
4.	李好, 吳超賢, 楊平平. 醫務人員血源性職業暴露的風險因素分析與干預. 中華勞動衛生職業病雜志, 2022, 40(1): 53-56.
5.	Zhang L, Li Q, Guan L, et al. Prevalence and influence factors of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids in registered Chinese nurses: a national cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs, 2022, 21(1): 298.
6.	李榮榮. 醫院感染預防中提升手術室護理人員感染管理與自我防護能力的作用. 中國感染與化療雜志, 2023, 23(6): 787.
7.	吳秀麗. 中醫院醫務人員血源性職業暴露現狀及其影響因素的研究. 長沙: 湖南中醫藥大學, 2022.
8.	李飛燕, 黃平. 某三甲中醫院醫務人員針灸針職業暴露調查. 中國感染控制雜志, 2023, 22(3): 346-350.
9.	梁燕宓, 李志玲, 陳楚寒, 等. 中醫微創針刺類技術職業暴露調查及處置對策. 中華醫院感染學雜志, 2025, 35(21): 3339-3343.
10.	蔡莉, 陳惠超, 李婭斐, 等. 基于職業暴露數據對中醫針刺操作意外刺傷的調查分析. 實用醫學雜志, 2024, 40(18): 2635-2639.
11.	Joukar F, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Naghipour M, et al. Needlestick injuries among healthcare workers: why they do not report their incidence?. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res, 2018, 23(5): 382-387.
12.	高丹. 某中醫醫院醫務人員血源性職業暴露調查分析及預防對策. 云南中醫中藥雜志, 2023, 44(7): 98-101.
13.	彭莉利, 劉春來, 張衛平, 等. 2019-2020 年某市 30 所醫院醫護人員血源性職業暴露調查. 中華醫院感染學雜志, 2022, 32(8): 1239-1242.
14.	Fadil RA, Abdelmutalab NA, Abdelhafez AI, et al. Pattern and risk factors of sharp object injuries among health care workers in two tertiary hospitals, Al Taif-Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2016-2018. Saudi J Biol Sci, 2021, 28(11): 6582-6585.
15.	Gabr HM, El-Badry NS, Younis FE. Risk factors associated with needlestick injuries among health care workers in Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Int J Occup Environ Med, 2018, 9(2): 63-68.
16.	Bahat H, Hasidov-Gafni A, Youngster I, et al. The prevalence and underreporting of needlestick injuries among hospital workers: a cross-sectional study. Int J Qual Health Care, 2021, 33(1): mzab009.
17.	李俊艷, 劉盛楠, 馮亞靜, 等. 某教學醫院實習護生血源性職業暴露調查. 河南醫學研究, 2021, 30(28): 5215-5218.
18.	張月, 趙磊. 低年資護士針具刺傷調查分析與防護對策研究. 長春中醫藥大學學報, 2020, 36(3): 555-558.
19.	謝彩鳳. 失效模式與效應分析在急診護士職業暴露風險管理中的應用效果. 中國醫學創新, 2020, 17(2): 155-158.
20.	Li J, Zhang HX, Zhang YH, et al. Current status and high-risk factors of blood-borne occupational exposure among midwives in China: a cross-sectional survey. Am J Infect Control, 2023, 51(2): 214-219.
21.	梁子東, 鄭光軍, 郭小銘, 等. 某三甲婦幼保健院血源性病原體職業暴露特點與隨訪研究. 中國感染控制雜志, 2022, 21(12): 1236-1242.
22.	李建民, 甘泳江, 梁丹燕, 等. 某三級醫院醫務人員職業傷害防護認知、實踐與干預研究. 職業衛生與應急救援, 2019, 37(2): 138-141.
23.	朱倩, 李愛娟, 夏文杰, 等. 消毒供應中心工作人員職業暴露風險感知量表的編制及信效度檢驗. 護理學雜志, 2023, 38(8): 114-119.
24.	Wilson RS, Zwickle A, Walpole H. Developing a broadly applicable measure of risk perception. Risk Anal, 2019, 39(4): 777-791.

1. 王麗雯, 吳碧玉, 陳連珠. 中醫醫療技術的感染預防及原因分析. 中國衛生標準管理, 2021, 12(18): 120-123.
2. 王鵬, 沈劼, 施圣杰, 等. 中醫外治法歷史源流與現代研究進展. 南京中醫藥大學學報, 2022, 38(11): 990-999.
3. 魏輝, 鞏昌鎮, 田海河, 等. 從經驗到證據的臨床針灸醫學—現代針灸療效研方法探討(一). 中醫藥導報, 2021, 27(5): 1-8.
4. 李好, 吳超賢, 楊平平. 醫務人員血源性職業暴露的風險因素分析與干預. 中華勞動衛生職業病雜志, 2022, 40(1): 53-56.
5. Zhang L, Li Q, Guan L, et al. Prevalence and influence factors of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids in registered Chinese nurses: a national cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs, 2022, 21(1): 298.
6. 李榮榮. 醫院感染預防中提升手術室護理人員感染管理與自我防護能力的作用. 中國感染與化療雜志, 2023, 23(6): 787.
7. 吳秀麗. 中醫院醫務人員血源性職業暴露現狀及其影響因素的研究. 長沙: 湖南中醫藥大學, 2022.
8. 李飛燕, 黃平. 某三甲中醫院醫務人員針灸針職業暴露調查. 中國感染控制雜志, 2023, 22(3): 346-350.
9. 梁燕宓, 李志玲, 陳楚寒, 等. 中醫微創針刺類技術職業暴露調查及處置對策. 中華醫院感染學雜志, 2025, 35(21): 3339-3343.
10. 蔡莉, 陳惠超, 李婭斐, 等. 基于職業暴露數據對中醫針刺操作意外刺傷的調查分析. 實用醫學雜志, 2024, 40(18): 2635-2639.
11. Joukar F, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Naghipour M, et al. Needlestick injuries among healthcare workers: why they do not report their incidence?. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res, 2018, 23(5): 382-387.
12. 高丹. 某中醫醫院醫務人員血源性職業暴露調查分析及預防對策. 云南中醫中藥雜志, 2023, 44(7): 98-101.
13. 彭莉利, 劉春來, 張衛平, 等. 2019-2020 年某市 30 所醫院醫護人員血源性職業暴露調查. 中華醫院感染學雜志, 2022, 32(8): 1239-1242.
14. Fadil RA, Abdelmutalab NA, Abdelhafez AI, et al. Pattern and risk factors of sharp object injuries among health care workers in two tertiary hospitals, Al Taif-Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2016-2018. Saudi J Biol Sci, 2021, 28(11): 6582-6585.
15. Gabr HM, El-Badry NS, Younis FE. Risk factors associated with needlestick injuries among health care workers in Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Int J Occup Environ Med, 2018, 9(2): 63-68.
16. Bahat H, Hasidov-Gafni A, Youngster I, et al. The prevalence and underreporting of needlestick injuries among hospital workers: a cross-sectional study. Int J Qual Health Care, 2021, 33(1): mzab009.
17. 李俊艷, 劉盛楠, 馮亞靜, 等. 某教學醫院實習護生血源性職業暴露調查. 河南醫學研究, 2021, 30(28): 5215-5218.
18. 張月, 趙磊. 低年資護士針具刺傷調查分析與防護對策研究. 長春中醫藥大學學報, 2020, 36(3): 555-558.
19. 謝彩鳳. 失效模式與效應分析在急診護士職業暴露風險管理中的應用效果. 中國醫學創新, 2020, 17(2): 155-158.
20. Li J, Zhang HX, Zhang YH, et al. Current status and high-risk factors of blood-borne occupational exposure among midwives in China: a cross-sectional survey. Am J Infect Control, 2023, 51(2): 214-219.
21. 梁子東, 鄭光軍, 郭小銘, 等. 某三甲婦幼保健院血源性病原體職業暴露特點與隨訪研究. 中國感染控制雜志, 2022, 21(12): 1236-1242.
22. 李建民, 甘泳江, 梁丹燕, 等. 某三級醫院醫務人員職業傷害防護認知、實踐與干預研究. 職業衛生與應急救援, 2019, 37(2): 138-141.
23. 朱倩, 李愛娟, 夏文杰, 等. 消毒供應中心工作人員職業暴露風險感知量表的編制及信效度檢驗. 護理學雜志, 2023, 38(8): 114-119.
24. Wilson RS, Zwickle A, Walpole H. Developing a broadly applicable measure of risk perception. Risk Anal, 2019, 39(4): 777-791.

West China Medical Journal

Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of occupational exposure to acupuncture needles among acupuncture practitioners in Southwest China

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