In order to explore an effective path for the high-quality development of public hospitals, West China Hospital of Sichuan University had taken core measures such as clarifying personnel ownership, reconstructing the diagnosis and treatment process, formulating disease-specific paths, promoting the integration of clinical and scientific research, promoting the collaboration of multi-disciplinary talent echelons, and strengthening the guidance of performance appraisal, successfully operated the six entity disease-specific centers and achieved phased results, realizing the collaborative optimization of high diagnosis level, high treatment level, high operation efficiency, and low medical costs. Combined with the above disease-specific centers construction practice, this paper systematically combs the key problems faced in the transformation of medical service mode, and provides reference for the construction of disease-specific centers in large public hospitals.