Tuberculosis poses a significant challenge to global public health, characterized by high incidence rates, high drug resistance rates, high mortality rates, and lengthy treatment cycles. Patients with tuberculosis often experience stigma, which can adversely affect their treatment adherence, psychological state, and quality of life. Despite numerous reported interventions both domestically and internationally, there remains a lack of systematic research on personalized intervention strategies tailored to diverse ethnic groups within China’s multicultural context. This article aims to review the domestic and international status of stigma among tuberculosis patients, assessment tools, influencing factors, and intervention strategies, with the goal of providing references for developing effective management strategies for stigma in multicultural tuberculosis patient populations.
[Abstract]Elderly patients with lung cancer have a significantly increased risk of perioperative cardiopulmonary complications due to physiological decline, high incidence of complications and reduced surgical tolerance, which directly affects postoperative recovery and long-term survival. Although the concepts of minimally invasive surgery and enhanced recovery after surgery have improved clinical outcomes, early recognition and intervention of postoperative complications in elderly patients remains a significant challenge in the field of thoracic surgery. By integrating recent literature and clinical practice, this paper systematically analyzes the pathophysiological mechanism and risk factors of perioperative cardiopulmonary complications in elderly patients with lung cancer, and discusses individualized intervention strategies based on risk stratification and multidisciplinary team, in order to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for optimizing perioperative management and improving postoperative prognosis in elderly patients.